Question 1

Melissa wishes to ask her roommate,Kelly,to drop her at the airport.Before asking,Melissa tells Kelly that she looks pretty,her apartment is beautiful,and she is humorous.This scenario illustrates ________.

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates ingratiation, which is the act of trying to win someone over or gain favor by saying or doing things that are pleasing or complimentary to them. In this case, Melissa is complimenting Kelly before asking for a favor.

Question 2

When persons are ostracized (rejected or excluded by others),they tend to experience all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that ostracism leads to negative effects such as feeling deflated, stressed, depressed, and anxious; and engaging in self-defeating behavior. Feeling independent and liberated is not a common response to being ostracized.

Question 3

In National Opinion Research Center surveys of 57,731 Americans since 1972,which group mostly reported their lives as being "very happy"?

Accepted Answer

In the National Opinion Research Center surveys, those who were married mostly reported their lives as being "very happy."

Question 4

Amber just moved to a new town and is eager to make friends.When given the choice,she should select an apartment:

Accepted Answer

Choosing an apartment near the mailboxes can increase the chances of casual encounters with neighbors, thereby providing more opportunities to meet people and make friends.

Question 5

In the context of likeness begets liking,studies indicate that:

Accepted Answer

Studies suggest that people are more likely to form friendships and romantic relationships with those who are similar to them in attitudes, values, interests, and backgrounds. This similarity breeds contentment and comfort in the relationship. However, this does not mean that familiarity breeds contempt, as this idea suggests a negative shift in feelings towards someone as they become more familiar.

Question 6

According to evolutionary psychologists,men prefer women whose waists are 30 percent narrower than their hips because:

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists suggest that this preference for a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.7 in women may indicate peak sexual fertility, as this ratio is associated with increased levels of estrogen and other reproductive hormones. A narrower waist also suggests a lower level of body fat, which is also correlated with fertility.

Question 7

April's father reads her a story where the heroine is beautiful and the villain is hideous.April's father may unwittingly help April develop the:

Accepted Answer

April's father may unknowingly help her develop a physical-attractiveness stereotype by portraying beauty as a desirable trait and ugliness as an undesirable trait through the characters in the story.

Question 8

In the context of passionate love,which of the following is an aspect of love in Sternberg's theory of love?

Accepted Answer

In Sternberg's theory of love, love is composed of three aspects: passion, intimacy, and commitment. Commitment refers to the decision to love and maintain a long-term relationship, which is a crucial aspect of love. Choosing to commit to someone means making sacrifices and working through difficulties, demonstrating a mature and lasting kind of love. Complimenting and touching are actions that can convey love but do not capture the essence of the commitment aspect of love. Warmth may be an aspect of intimacy, but it is not a specific aspect in Sternberg's theory of love.

Question 9

According to Schachter and Singer's (1962)two-factor theory of emotion,where should you take a person you really like on a first date?

Accepted Answer

Schachter and Singer's two-factor theory of emotion proposes that emotions are a result of both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. A first date can be an anxiety-inducing situation, leading to physiological arousal. A fun and exciting activity, like going to an amusement park, can help to alleviate some of that anxiety and increase positive feelings towards the other person. The physical activity and shared experiences can also help to create a bond between the two people.

Question 10

Which of these is NOT one of Rusbult and colleagues' (1986,1987,1998)three ways of coping with a failing relationship?

Accepted Answer

Rusbult and colleagues' model of responses to dissatisfaction in relationships includes three primary strategies: loyalty, neglect, and voice. "Action" is not part of their model. Loyalty involves waiting and hoping for improvement, neglect involves allowing the relationship to deteriorate, and voice involves actively trying to improve the situation.

Question 11

When looking for dating partners,we generally choose people who are:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that people tend to seek out partners who are roughly as attractive as they are. This could be due to the fact that we feel more secure and comfortable with someone who is in our league or because we want to avoid the potential for a power imbalance in the relationship. Choosing someone who is drastically more or less attractive can lead to issues such as insecurity, jealousy, and dissatisfaction.

Question 12

Attachment marked by possessiveness and jealousy is called:

Accepted Answer

Attachment marked by possessiveness and jealousy is called anxious attachment. Anxious attachment is characterized by a fear of abandonment and a strong need for reassurance and intimacy. This often leads to possessiveness and jealousy in relationships.

Question 13

Which of the following theories explain why romantic vacations,good dinners,and fun outings are always important in relationships?

Accepted Answer

The reward theory of attraction explains that we are attracted to individuals who provide us with rewarding and pleasurable experiences. Romantic vacations, good dinners, and fun outings all serve as rewards and can strengthen the bond between partners.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of perceived equity and satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 15

In the context of attachment styles,which of the following is true of individuals with an anxious attachment?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with an anxious attachment style are often preoccupied with their relationships and have a high need for intimacy and closeness. However, they also experience fear and insecurity about their partner's feelings and intentions, leading to a lack of trust and an increased fear of abandonment. This can lead to a pattern of seeking reassurance and attention from their partner.

Question 16

In the context of what-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype,small average differences between attractive and unattractive people probably result from:

Accepted Answer

The "what-is-beautiful-is-good" stereotype suggests that people often assume attractive individuals possess more desirable personality traits than less attractive people. Small average differences in how attractive and unattractive people are perceived can result from self-fulfilling prophecies, where attractive individuals might be treated more positively because of their appearance, leading them to develop more positive behaviors and attitudes in response to this treatment.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of physical attractiveness?

Accepted Answer

There is debate over whether men value physical attractiveness more than women when seeking an opposite-sex dating partner. Research has shown mixed results, with some studies supporting the notion that men place greater importance on physical attractiveness, while others have found no significant gender differences. Therefore, the statement that physical attractiveness is more important to either men or women is not entirely accurate.

Question 18

Which statement related to attraction and liking is true?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that people are more likely to be attracted to those who express liking for them, as it signals a sense of acceptance and validation.

Question 19

Generally speaking,to be really attractive is to be:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that being perfectly average in terms of facial features and body proportions is actually perceived as more attractive than being either extremely thin or muscular. Blonde hair is also not a universal requirement for attractiveness, as different cultural backgrounds and personal preferences may vary.

Question 20

Wendy gets a new job.Although she has not met the person she will report to,she expects that relationship to be pleasant and their personalities to be compatible.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Anticipatory liking refers to the phenomenon of expecting to like someone based on initial information about them, such as their job title or reputation. In this scenario, Wendy has not yet met the person she will report to but is already expecting a pleasant relationship, which is an example of anticipatory liking. Functional distance refers to the physical separation between individuals in a setting. The contrast effect refers to the tendency for an evaluation of someone to be influenced by the comparison to others encountered before or after them. The matching phenomenon refers to the tendency for individuals to be attracted to others who are similar to themselves in terms of attitudes, values, and behaviors.

Quiz 11: Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving Others