Quiz 11: Emotion, Stress, and Health
Psychology
Q 1Q 1
Three major components that psychologists focus on when defining "emotion" are:
A) facial muscles, bodily changes, and stress.
B) physiological changes, cognitive processes, and action tendencies.
C) the alarm phase, the resistance phase, and the exhaustion phase.
D) social rules, cultural rules, and relationship rules.
Free
Multiple Choice
B
Q 2Q 2
According to Paul Ekman, which of the following is one of the universal facial expressions?
A) agitation
B) fear
C) embarrassment
D) shame
Free
Multiple Choice
B
Q 3Q 3
Darwin argued that facial expressions of emotion are:
A) biologically irrelevant.
B) learned.
C) maladaptive.
D) innate.
Free
Multiple Choice
D
Q 4Q 4
According to the concept of facial feedback, when Noah complies with instructions to smile and look happy, it is most likely that:
A) he will be unaffected because he is just pretending to be happy.
B) he will begin to feel angry.
C) his positive feelings will increase.
D) his reaction will depend on his age.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 5Q 5
In most people, the __________ is specialized for withdrawal or escape.
A) somatic nervous system
B) right prefrontal cortex
C) left prefrontal cortex
D) reticular activating system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 6Q 6
Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer argued that two factors determine the experience of emotion. The two factors are:
A) cognitive interpretation and cultural influence.
B) physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation.
C) perception and attribution.
D) physiological arousal and cultural rules.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 7Q 7
Expression of an emotion that the person does not really feel is called:
A) facial feedback.
B) secondary emotion.
C) emotion work.
D) body language.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 8Q 8
When researchers showed students a series of computer-generated, fairly sex-neutral faces with a range of expressions morphing from angry to happy, the students consistently rated the angry faces as:
A) male.
B) female.
C) the opposite of the student's own gender.
D) the same as the student's own gender.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 9Q 9
As Molly looks at the grade scored in her final exams, she thinks, "I did well on this exam, because my roommate helped me study." Molly's thoughts suggest that she has:
A) conscientiousness.
B) a tendency to exert primary control.
C) an internal locus of control.
D) an external locus of control.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 10Q 10
What is the key characteristic of the Type A personality that is related to heart disease?
A) working hard
B) impatience
C) hostility
D) having high standards
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 11Q 11
_________ is a state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes, brain activation, cognitive appraisals, subjective feelings, and tendencies toward action, all shaped by cultural rules.
A) An attribution
B) Emotion
C) Galvanic skin response
D) Body language
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 12Q 12
Paul Ekman and his colleagues gathered evidence supporting the universality of _________ facial expressions of emotion.
A) five
B) six
C) seven
D) nine
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 13Q 13
When Jose complies with instructions to look angry, it is most likely that:
A) he will be amused to be simulating anger.
B) he will be unaffected because he is just pretending to be angry.
C) his positive feelings will decrease.
D) his reaction will depend on his age.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 14Q 14
When 1-year-old babies in an experiment were placed on an ambiguous visual cliff and saw an expression of fear on their mothers' faces, what portion of them crossed the cliff?
A) all of them
B) about three-quarters of them
C) about one-third of them
D) none of them
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 15Q 15
The process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed is called:
A) primary emotional processing.
B) internal emotion work.
C) facial feedback.
D) body language.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 16Q 16
The ________ quickly assesses danger or threat.
A) prefrontal cortex
B) right hemisphere
C) left hemisphere
D) amygdala
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 17Q 17
Many researchers believe that mirror neurons allow humans to:
A) experience empathy.
B) coordinate complicated motor tasks.
C) develop facial expressions for basic emotions.
D) reverse left-right movements when performing a task in front of a mirror.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 18Q 18
________ is a general expectation about whether the results of your actions are under your own control or not.
A) Optimism
B) Primary control
C) Secondary control
D) Locus of control
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 19Q 19
"It's too bad my car was damaged by the tree that fell on it during the hurricane, but now I can get that new car I've wanted for so long." This is an example of which coping strategy?
A) reappraising the situation
B) learning from the experience
C) making social comparisons
D) cultivating a sense of humor
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 20Q 20
_______________ is a state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes, brain activation, cognitive appraisals, subjective feelings, and tendencies toward action, all shaped by cultural rules.
A) An attribution
B) Emotion
C) Galvanic skin response
D) Body language
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 21Q 21
Three major components that psychologists focus on when defining "emotion" are:
A) facial muscles, bodily changes, and stress.
B) physiological changes, cognitive processes, and action tendencies.
C) the alarm phase, the resistance phase, and the exhaustion phase.
D) social rules, cultural rules, and relationship rules.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 22Q 22
Darwin argued that facial expressions of emotion are:
A) biologically irrelevant.
B) learned.
C) maladaptive.
D) innate.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 23Q 23
Paul Ekman and his colleagues gathered evidence supporting the universality of _________ facial expressions of emotion.
A) five
B) six
C) seven
D) nine
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 24Q 24
According to Paul Ekman, which of the following is one of the universal facial expressions?
A) agitation
B) fear
C) embarrassment
D) shame
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 25Q 25
Ekman and his associates developed a special coding system to analyze and identify each of the nearly __________ muscles of the face, as well as the combinations of muscles associated with various emotions.
A) 70
B) 80
C) 90
D) 100
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 26Q 26
In order to get around the human ability to mask emotions and more clearly define facial expressions for particular emotions, Paul Ekman and his associates:
A) developed a special coding system that analyzed and identified the numerous facial muscles.
B) developed an inter-observer system to make sure that observers defined expressions reliably.
C) interviewed all participants in order to assess unexpressed feelings and motivations.
D) monitored the brain waves of participants to determine which hemisphere had higher activation.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 27Q 27
Analysis of facial muscles during emotional displays has revealed that:
A) most individuals are able to mimic grief accurately, getting the facial muscles just right.
B) false smiles tend to last ten seconds or more, but authentic smiles last only about two seconds.
C) false expressions use the same groups of muscles that are used in authentic expressions.
D) physiological responses ensure that facial expressions convey the emotion being felt.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 28Q 28
Chastity is pretending that she is feeling sad. According to research, she is probably:
A) using the same facial muscles she would use if she were really feeling sad.
B) using different facial muscles she would use if she were really feeling sad.
C) not making eye contact.
D) speaking extremely softly while frowning.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 29Q 29
According to Ekman's research on facial expressions:
A) when people try to hide their feelings with an inauthentic expression, they use different groups of muscles than they do for authentic emotions.
B) authentic smiles last ten seconds or more, whereas false smiles last only about two seconds.
C) when trying to feign sadness, only about 60 percent of people manage to get the eyebrows, eyelids, and forehead wrinkle exactly right.
D) there is little support for Darwin's evolutionary theory that certain human facial expressions are innate.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 30Q 30
Facial feedback is defined as:
A) the process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed.
B) a state of arousal involving facial and bodily changes, brain activation, cognitive appraisals, subjective feelings, and tendencies toward action, all shaped by cultural rules.
C) the emotional reaction of other people to our facial expressions.
D) a set of social and cultural rules that regulate when, how, and where a person may express (or must suppress) emotions.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 31Q 31
The process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed is called:
A) primary emotional processing.
B) internal emotion work.
C) facial feedback.
D) body language.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 32Q 32
According to the concept of facial feedback, when Noah complies with instructions to smile and look happy, it is most likely that:
A) he will be unaffected because he is just pretending to be happy.
B) he will begin to feel angry.
C) his positive feelings will increase.
D) his reaction will depend on his age.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 33Q 33
When Jose complies with instructions to look angry, it is most likely that:
A) he will be amused to be simulating anger.
B) he will be unaffected because he is just pretending to be angry.
C) his positive feelings will decrease.
D) his reaction will depend on his age.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 34Q 34
If you put on an angry face, then:
A) your heart rate will rise faster than if you put on a happy face.
B) your heart rate will decelerate.
C) your parasympathetic nervous system will become active.
D) physiological change won't occur because it is a false emotion.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 35Q 35
When 1-year-old babies in an experiment were placed on an ambiguous visual cliff and saw an expression of fear on their mothers' faces, what portion of them crossed the cliff?
A) all of them
B) about three-quarters of them
C) about one-third of them
D) none of them
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 36Q 36
When one-year-old Olivia is placed on an ambiguous visual cliff, she looks at her mom's reassuring face. Olivia is most likely to:
A) smile back at mom, but refuse to cross.
B) cross the cliff.
C) begin crying.
D) learn to distrust her mother.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 37Q 37
In most people, the __________ is specialized for withdrawal or escape.
A) somatic nervous system
B) right prefrontal cortex
C) left prefrontal cortex
D) reticular activating system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 38Q 38
In most people, the __________ appears to be specialized for the motivation to approach others.
A) somatic nervous system
B) right prefrontal cortex
C) left prefrontal cortex
D) reticular activating system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 39Q 39
Parts of the ________ are involved in the regulation of emotion, keeping us on an even keel and responding appropriately to others.
A) prefrontal cortex
B) amygdala
C) medulla
D) sympathetic nervous system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 40Q 40
Emily's left prefrontal cortex was damaged as the result of an automobile accident. As a result, her friends are most likely to notice that:
A) she has begun to experience excessive euphoria.
B) she can recognize them by voice but not by sight.
C) she seems to have lost her capacity for joy.
D) she "forgets" to be afraid in situations that should involve fear.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 41Q 41
Three-year-old Xavier sees his dad dressed up as a gorilla and Xavier screams in fear. What brain structure is probably involved in his reaction?
A) olfactory bulb
B) amygdala
C) occipital lobe
D) Wernicke's area
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 42Q 42
The ________ quickly assesses danger or threat.
A) prefrontal cortex
B) right hemisphere
C) left hemisphere
D) amygdala
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 43Q 43
Samantha jumps with fear as she feels a hand on her shoulder while walking on a deserted path across campus. What brain structure played a key role in Samantha's fearful reaction?
A) medulla
B) hippocampus
C) cerebral cortex
D) amygdala
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 44Q 44
Simon has experienced damage to his amygdala. It is most likely that he:
A) has difficulty experiencing fear and recognizing fear in others.
B) has lost the capacity to experience love.
C) feels excessively manic and euphoric.
D) feels excessively depressed.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 45Q 45
Gina jumps with fear as she feels a hand on her shoulder while walking on a deserted path across campus. Her fear evaporates when she hears her boyfriend's voice saying, "What are you doing out so late, Gina?" What brain structure played a key role when Gina's fear evaporated?
A) medulla
B) hippocampus
C) cerebral cortex
D) amygdala
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 46Q 46
Dr. Cabbot is recording from a mirror neuron in a monkey's brain. When will the neuron fire?
A) Only when the monkey is performing a specific action, but not when it sees someone else perform the same action.
B) Only when the monkey is watching someone else perform a specific action, but not when it performs the same action.
C) Only when the monkey is watching itself perform an action in front of a mirror.
D) When the monkey is performing a specific action, and also when it watches someone else perform the same action.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 47Q 47
What property of some brain cells led scientists to call them mirror neurons?
A) They only fire when a person of animal looks in a mirror.
B) Their cell membranes contain a protein that makes them reflect light.
C) Their structure perfectly mirrors the structure of a neighboring neuron.
D) They fire when a person or animal observes others carrying out an action.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 48Q 48
Many researchers believe that mirror neurons allow humans to:
A) experience empathy.
B) coordinate complicated motor tasks.
C) develop facial expressions for basic emotions.
D) reverse left-right movements when performing a task in front of a mirror.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 49Q 49
When emotions spread from one person to another, it is known as:
A) facial feedback.
B) mood contagion.
C) secondary emotion.
D) emotion work.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 50Q 50
The ________ directly controls the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine by the adrenal glands.
A) prefrontal cortex
B) amygdala
C) right hemisphere
D) sympathetic nervous system
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 51Q 51
The ________ secrete(s) epinephrine and norepinephrine when the sympathetic nervous system becomes activated.
A) left prefrontal cortex
B) right prefrontal cortex
C) amygdala
D) adrenal glands
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 52Q 52
________ provides the energy of an emotion, that familiar tingle, excitement, and sense of animation.
A) Melatonin
B) Epinephrine
C) Oxytocin
D) Dopamine
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 53Q 53
The polygraph is based on the assumption that a person who is guilty and fearful will have:
A) decreased flow of epinephrine.
B) decreased flow of norepinephrine.
C) increased activity in the autonomic nervous system.
D) increased activity in the hippocampus.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 54Q 54
According to the section in your textbook on lie detection:
A) the Computer Voice Stress Analyzer is more accurate than the polygraph.
B) the polygraph is more valid than the Computer Voice Stress Analyzer.
C) the Computer Voice Stress Analyzer and the polygraph used together result in valid lie detection.
D) at present there is no perfect way to detect lying.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 55Q 55
During an interrogation, an FBI agent tries to scare a suspect into making a confession by saying "You know, they have this new type of lie detector that can measure activity in different regions of the brain to determine whether a person is lying or telling the truth." What technology is the agent referring to?
A) fMRI
B) Computer Voice Stress Analyzer
C) polygraph
D) two-photon imaging
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 56Q 56
Schachter and Singer argued that two factors determine the experience of emotion. The two factors are:
A) cognitive interpretation and cultural influence.
B) physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation.
C) perception and attribution.
D) physiological arousal and cultural rules.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 57Q 57
The influence of thought on emotion was studied by assessing athletes' reactions to being among the medal winners in the 1992 Olympics. The results showed that:
A) third-place winners were happier than second-place winners.
B) second-place winners were happier than third-place winners.
C) there were no significant differences in happiness between third-place and second-place winners.
D) second-place winners showed an increase in positive emotions, but third-place winners showed a decrease.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 58Q 58
Which of the following emotions is a prototypical emotion?
A) compassion
B) jealousy
C) shame
D) happiness
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 59Q 59
Which of the following emotions is a prototypical emotion?
A) schadenfreude
B) happiness
C) shame
D) nostalgia
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 60Q 60
________ emotions are reflected in the emotion words that young children learn first: happy, sad, mad, and scared.
A) Culturally-distinct
B) Coping
C) Attributional
D) Prototypical
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 61Q 61
________ are social and cultural rules that regulate when, how, and where a person may express (or suppress) emotions.
A) Emotion prototypes
B) Display rules
C) Primary and secondary controls
D) General adaptations
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 62Q 62
Display rules involve:
A) displaying an emotion that is not actually felt, often because of a role requirement.
B) social or cultural guidelines that regulate when, how, and where a person may express emotion.
C) emotions that are displayed, as a rule, only by certain cultures.
D) universal, biologically-based emotional displays evoked by particular emotional situations.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 63Q 63
Which of the following outcomes would be most likely after a German-American business meeting?
A) The Germans will complain that the Americans are too cold and aloof.
B) The Germans will complain that the Americans hide their real feelings behind a smile.
C) The Americans will complain that the Germans smile too much when hiding embarrassment.
D) The Americans will complain that the Germans are excessively cheerful.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 64Q 64
Which of the following outcomes would be most likely after a Japanese-American business meeting?
A) The Japanese will complain that the Americans are too cheerful.
B) The Japanese will complain that the Americans hide their real feelings behind a smile.
C) The Americans will complain that the Japanese smile too much to disguise embarrassment.
D) The Americans will complain that the Japanese are too aloof and cold.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 65Q 65
Expression of an emotion that the person does not really feel is called:
A) facial feedback.
B) secondary emotion.
C) emotion work.
D) body language.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 66Q 66
Which occupation would be more likely to require emotion work as a job requirement?
A) customer service representative
B) accountant
C) architect
D) software analyst
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 67Q 67
What has research shown about the stereotype that women are "more emotional" than men?
A) Women feel everyday emotions more often than men.
B) The opposite is true because men feel everyday emotions more often than women.
C) The gender difference is more about how emotions are expressed than how they are felt.
D) Men are more likely to show sadness and guilt, whereas women are more likely to show fear and shame.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 68Q 68
When researchers showed students a series of computer-generated, fairly sex-neutral faces with a range of expressions morphing from angry to happy, the students consistently rated the angry faces as:
A) male.
B) female.
C) the opposite of the student's own gender.
D) the same as the student's own gender.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 69Q 69
Sandra is a vice president at a large company. As a woman, what dilemma is she likely to face?
A) If she smiles at employees the way her male colleagues do, they are likely to begin disliking her.
B) She is more likely to make "emotional" and illogical decisions than her male colleagues.
C) When women express anger like their male colleagues, they are more likely to be seen as "out of control."
D) Crying in front of male employees will make them like her more, but will prevent her from being promoted.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 70Q 70
What is the one emotion that North American men express more freely than women?
A) fear
B) sadness
C) humor
D) anger
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 71Q 71
What is the correct order for the stages of the general adaptation syndrome?
A) resistance phase, exhaustion phase, alarm phase
B) alarm phase, resistance phase, exhaustion phase
C) alarm phase, exhaustion phase, resistance phase
D) resistance phase, alarm phase, exhaustion phase
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 72Q 72
In the ________ of the general adaptation syndrome, the body mobilizes the sympathetic nervous system to meet an immediate threat.
A) resistance phase
B) alarm phase
C) exhaustion phase
D) exertion phase
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 73Q 73
A person is in the ________ of the general adaptation syndrome when the muscles tense, blood pressure rises, and digestion shuts down.
A) chronic stress phase
B) alarm phase
C) exhaustion phase
D) resistance phase
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 74Q 74
The modern era of stress research began:
A) when Julian Rotter published a monograph reporting the ways in which an internal or external locus of control influences a person's health.
B) when Susan Staples provided research evidence documenting the human response to environmental noise.
C) when J. G. Courtney found that chronic work-related stresses were linked to colon and rectal cancers.
D) when Hans Selye published a book detailing the ways in which heat, cold, pain, toxins, and danger
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 75Q 75
Casey hears a rattling sound as she hikes through the desert. Her muscles tense, her blood pressure rises, and her digestion shuts down. According to Hans Selye, she is in the:
A) chronic stress phase.
B) alarm phase.
C) exhaustion phase.
D) resistance phase.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 76Q 76
A person is in the _______________ of the general adaptation syndrome when vulnerability to physical problems increases, and illnesses, such as chronic hypertension, develop.
A) chronic stress phase
B) alarm phase
C) exhaustion phase
D) resistance phase
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 77Q 77
Dahlia has been having chronic headaches and she is behind in all her classes. For the past six months, her job has been extremely stressful, but she doesn't feel that she can quit because she needs the money for tuition. Her vulnerability to illness, such as chronic hypertension, has increased. According to Hans Selye, Dahlia is in the:
A) chronic stress phase.
B) alarm phase.
C) exhaustion phase.
D) resistance phase.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 78Q 78
A person is in the _______________ of the general adaptation syndrome when the body becomes more vulnerable to other stressors. For example, when the body is mobilized to fight off the flu, it is easier to be annoyed by minor frustrations.
A) chronic stress phase
B) alarm phase
C) exhaustion phase
D) resistance phase
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 79Q 79
Markesia's body is mobilized to fight off the flu, and she finds she is annoyed by minor frustrations that she can usually shake off. According to Hans Selye, she is in the:
A) chronic stress phase.
B) alarm phase.
C) exhaustion phase.
D) resistance phase.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 80Q 80
Steve is unexpectedly called on in class. He hasn't the faintest idea of the answer, and he feels his heart start to pound and his palms begin to sweat. According to Hans Selye, he is in the ________ phase of
His stress response.
A) general
B) resistance
C) alarm
D) exhaustion
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 81Q 81
________ is a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that elevates blood sugar and protects the body's tissues in case of injury.
A) Epinephrine
B) Cortisol
C) Norepinephrine
D) Insulin
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 82Q 82
Current approaches to the physiology of stress have found that:
A) most of Selye's ideas about the general adaptation syndrome were incorrect because the biological changes are not adaptive in the short run.
B) when you are under stress, the hypothalamus sends messages to the endocrine glands along two major pathways.
C) when you are under stress, the parasympathetic division of the nervous system becomes activated for a "fight or flight" response.
D) one result of HPA axis activation is decreased energy, leading a person to become lethargic and apathetic.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 83Q 83
The HPA axis is a system activated to:
A) carry messages from special receptors in the skin to the brain.
B) control the sensory and motor nerves.
C) energize the body to respond to stressors.
D) relax the body and help it conserve energy.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 84Q 84
The "HPA" axis is an abbreviation for:
A) hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex.
B) hormonal-pubertal-adrenal circuit.
C) hippocampus-pituitary-amygdala circuit.
D) heritable-peripheral-adrenal cortex.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 85Q 85
When you are under stress, the brain's ________ sends messages to the endocrine glands along two major pathways.
A) amygdala
B) hippocampus
C) hypothalamus
D) corpus callosum
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 86Q 86
Which of the following is one of the key stress hormones released by the adrenal glands?
A) cortisol
B) melatonin
C) insulin
D) oxytocin
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 87Q 87
_________ is the study of the relationships among psychology, the nervous and endocrine systems, and the immune system.
A) Neurology
B) Psychoneuroimmunology
C) Socioimmunopsychology
D) Psychodynamic psychology
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 88Q 88
The ________ of the immune system are designed to recognize foreign or harmful substances (antigens), such as flu viruses, bacteria, and tumor cells, and then destroy or deactivate them.
A) platelets
B) red blood cells
C) white blood cells
D) telomeres
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 89Q 89
Which of the following is a type of white blood cell?
A) natural killer cells
B) antibodies
C) antigens
D) HPA cells
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 90Q 90
How might a psychoneuroimmunologist explain the increased risk of catching the common cold during periods of prolonged stress?
A) Stress increases the number of natural killer cells, which attack the immune system.
B) Stress increases the number of white blood cells, making the body more susceptible to infection.
C) Telomeres are lengthened by stress, leaving cells more vulnerable to infection.
D) Stress disrupts normal chemical communication between the brain and the immune system.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 91Q 91
One study found that the cells of highly stressed women looked like those of women at least ten years older. One reason for this increased cell damage may be linked to:
A) the shortening of telomeres.
B) the lengthening of telomeres.
C) an increase in the number of natural killer cells.
D) a decrease in the number of natural killer cells.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 92Q 92
When compared to realistic optimists, those with pessimistic explanatory styles tend to:
A) drink and smoke too much.
B) develop their sense of humor.
C) plan for the future.
D) have higher levels of white blood cells.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 93Q 93
Realistic optimists are more likely than pessimists to do which of the following?
A) deny their problems
B) take care of themselves
C) use passive problem solving
D) refuse to take medication for illness
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 94Q 94
As Molly looks at the grade scored in her final exams, she thinks, "I did well on this exam, because my roommate helped me study." Molly's thoughts suggest that she has:
A) conscientiousness.
B) a tendency to exert primary control.
C) an internal locus of control.
D) an external locus of control.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 95Q 95
________ is a general expectation about whether the results of your actions are under your own control or beyond your control.
A) Optimism
B) Primary control
C) Secondary control
D) Locus of control
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 96Q 96
Rachel is stuck in a low-paying job with a boss who offers no support. She can't quit because of her family's financial problems, but there is no hope of promotion in this job. When her work-related problems are compared to those of her boss (an executive supervising 10 employees):
A) Rachel's boss will be at a greater risk of stress-related illness than will Rachel.
B) Rachel will be at a greater risk of stress-related illness than her boss.
C) their risks of stress-related illness will be similar because they work in the same environment.
D) Rachel will be at risk for catching the common cold, and her boss will be at risk for rectal cancer.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 97Q 97
As the four winners of the grade-school spelling bee posed for a picture, each was recollecting over the day's success. Which of the following children exhibits an external locus of control?
A) Chris, who thinks, "Wow! I'm really smart when it comes to spelling."
B) Lee, who thinks, "I really worked hard learning all those words and it paid off."
C) Terry, who thinks, "This is my lucky day! I was really lucky to get such easy words!"
D) Nat, who thinks, "I'll succeed by setting my sights on what I want and I'll keep trying!"
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 98Q 98
Maria has worked as a file clerk for 17 years. Which aspect of the job is likely to be the greatest threat to her health and well-being?
A) the speed of the work
B) the attention to many details
C) feeling trapped
D) the daily demands from her boss
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 99Q 99
Patients recovering from heart attacks, which had an external locus of control, when compared to patients with an internal locus of control:
A) were more likely to resume unhealthy habits.
B) were more likely to generate plans for recovery.
C) were more likely to recover quickly.
D) were more likely to begin exercise programs.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 100Q 100
In general, a person whose culture emphasizes primary control would agree that:
A) true tolerance is to tolerate the intolerable.
B) to lose is to win.
C) if you have a problem, live with it.
D) if you don't like it, change it.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 101Q 101
________ is an effort to modify reality by changing other people, the situation, or events.
A) Primary control
B) Secondary control
C) Locus of control
D) Explanatory style
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Multiple Choice
Q 102Q 102
________ is an effort to accept reality by changing your own attitudes, goals, or emotions.
A) Primary control
B) Secondary control
C) Locus of control
D) Explanatory style
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 103Q 103
Research on the relationship between personality traits and cancer risk indicates that:
A) having a Type A personality is a significant risk factor in the development of cancer.
B) having a pessimistic approach to life increases a person's chances of developing cancer.
C) people with an external locus of control develop cancer at higher rates than people with an internal locus of control.
D) there is no link between personality and how prone a person is to develop cancer.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 104Q 104
People with a Type A personality:
A) are determined to achieve.
B) are calm and composed.
C) are at high risk to develop cancer.
D) are patient and optimistic.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 105Q 105
What is the key characteristic of the Type A personality that is related to heart disease?
A) working hard
B) impatience
C) hostility
D) having high standards
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 106Q 106
Abner has a Type A personality. Which of the following statements is most likely?
A) Abner is determined to achieve.
B) Abner is calm and composed.
C) Abner is ambitious, but lazy.
D) Abner is patient and optimistic.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 107Q 107
The Type A behavior that is dangerous to health is:
A) frequent irritability.
B) cynical hostility.
C) a sense of time urgency.
D) a highly reactive response to challenge.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 108Q 108
Suzi and her boyfriend Clint both see marriage in their future; unfortunately, they are not in agreement regarding the timing of the event. Whether they get married in one year or three years is of great emotional importance to both of them. Suzi tends to express these matters to others, whereas Clint tends to suppress his feelings. It is likely that:
A) Suzi's way of dealing with her feelings would require physical effort that is stressful to the body.
B) Clint's way of dealing with his feelings would require physical effort that is stressful to the body.
C) Suzi and Clint will both have elevated levels of circulating white blood cells while they make this decision.
D) Clint will develop a peptic ulcer if the decision is not made within six months.
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Multiple Choice
Q 109Q 109
Taylor finds it hard to believe that her boyfriend wants to see other women after their two years of exclusive dating. She tries to banish all thoughts of him from her mind, but it doesn't seem to be work. Her strategy is not effective because:
A) repression is unconscious, not volitional, and so Taylor cannot will it to happen.
B) women have introspective styles of rumination, and so Taylor needs more time to brood.
C) depressed people have no control over the situations that cause negative emotions.
D) by trying to avoid those thoughts, she is processing the thoughts more frequently.
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Multiple Choice
Q 110Q 110
An effective way to deal with thoughts and feelings that make you ashamed, worried, frightened, or sad is to:
A) suppress them.
B) continue to think about them until they decrease.
C) confess them to someone else.
D) try not to think about them.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 111Q 111
In addition to confession, another important way of letting go of negative emotions is:
A) forgiveness.
B) rumination.
C) revenge.
D) dissociation.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 112Q 112
Which of the following statements is true?
A) The best way to reduce stress is to increase the body's physical arousal.
B) Activities that reduce stress have only short-term benefits.
C) Meditation is relaxing, but has no health benefits.
D) Physical exercise is an effective way to reduce negative emotions and lower the risk of illness.
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Multiple Choice
Q 113Q 113
Baking bread, getting a massage, exercising, and mindfulness meditation techniques are all ways to:
A) replace the urgency of Type A behaviors with less intense Type B characteristics.
B) move from emotion-focused coping styles into more effective problem-focused coping.
C) cope with stress by taking time out and reducing the body's physiological arousal.
D) begin to develop the skills to create a stress-free life.
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Multiple Choice
Q 114Q 114
After their home in California is damaged during an earthquake, a couple researches the federal loan program to help them rebuild their house. Their behavior is an example of:
A) reappraisal.
B) distraction.
C) emotion-focused coping.
D) problem-focused coping.
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Multiple Choice
Q 115Q 115
After their home in Kansas is damaged by a tornado, a couple talks about the event over and over in order to make sense of it and decide what to do. Their behavior is an example of:
A) reappraisal.
B) distraction.
C) emotion-focused coping.
D) problem-focused coping.
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Multiple Choice
Q 116Q 116
Finding out what your legal resources are when you have been the victim of a crime is an example of:
A) problem-focused coping.
B) emotion-focused coping.
C) distraction.
D) reappraisal.
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Multiple Choice
Q 117Q 117
There are some problems that cannot be solved, but we can change the way we think about the problem. What coping method is being used when a person says, "I'm devastated that our home was flooded, but at least it is still standing. Some of the houses closer to the river are completely gone"?
A) drawing on social support
B) learning from the experience
C) making social comparisons
D) cultivating a sense of humor
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Multiple Choice
Q 118Q 118
There are some problems that cannot be solved, but we can change the way we think about the problem. What coping method is being used when a person says, "Well, I may have lost my accounting job, but I always did want a chance to work with people, and now I can find a job that allows me to do that"?
A) reappraising the situation
B) learning from the experience
C) making social comparisons
D) cultivating a sense of humor
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Multiple Choice
Q 119Q 119
For years, Lola Falana was one of the hottest entertainers in Las Vegas. After she was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, she noted that she had gained a new appreciation of life that went beyond fame and fortune. In recent interviews, she talks about her fresh start and her new life. What coping method does this illustrate?
A) reappraising the situation
B) learning from the experience
C) making social comparisons
D) cultivating a sense of humor
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Multiple Choice
Q 120Q 120
Thornton drops his eyeglasses on the sidewalk and they shatter. Which of the following would be a response that shows reappraisal?
A) "I'll put it out of my mind by going for a swim."
B) "I am a stupid, clumsy idiot, that's for sure."
C) "That's a shame, but I've wanted new glasses anyway."
D) "I can't ever do anything right, it seems."
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Multiple Choice
Q 121Q 121
"It's too bad my car was damaged by the tree that fell on it during the hurricane, but now I can get that new car I've wanted so long." This is an example of which coping strategy?
A) reappraising the situation
B) learning from the experience
C) making social comparisons
D) cultivating a sense of humor
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Multiple Choice
Q 122Q 122
"This class drives me crazy, but I'm better off than my friends who aren't in college." This is an example of which coping strategy?
A) empathy
B) denial
C) avoidance
D) social-comparison
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Multiple Choice
Q 123Q 123
In one study of 16 couples, the wives had to lie in an MRI machine, periodically receiving a mild but stressful electric shock on their ankles. During the procedure, some women received a touch on the hand from a stranger; others held hands with their husbands. What general principle can be drawn from the results of this study?
A) Touch can be comforting, but it does not actually reduce stress and anxiety activity in the brain.
B) Any human touch reduces pain and negative emotions equally.
C) The touch of a loved one is more effective than that of a stranger in stressful situations.
D) Being touched by a stranger makes things worse in a stressful situation.
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Multiple Choice
Q 124Q 124
Which stimulus is most likely to increase oxytocin levels in a human's brain?
A) pain
B) an affectionate touch
C) stress
D) candy
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Multiple Choice
Q 125Q 125
Ingrid has a rough day at work and is feeling stressed. When she gets home, her partner gives her a long hug and then they curl up on the couch and watch a movie. What hormone will likely released in Ingrid's brain that will help diminish the effects of her work stress?
A) epinephrine
B) HPA
C) cortisol
D) oxytocin
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Multiple Choice
Q 126Q 126
The hormone oxytocin could be described as being involved in the ______________ response to stress.
A) "tend and befriend"
B) "fight or flight"
C) "cry and ask 'why'?"
D) "avoid and evade"
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 127Q 127
Asians and Asian Americans tend to:
A) feel stress when they are required to ask for help.
B) rely more on explicit than implicit social support.
C) benefit more from all types of social support than do Anglo-Americans.
D) be more willing to disclose feelings to friends and family than are Anglo-Americans.
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Multiple Choice
Q 128Q 128
Julius Segal, a psychologist who worked with Holocaust survivors, wrote that a key element in their recovery was:
A) compassion; that is, healing brought about by helping others.
B) trying to put the horror-filled images out of their minds.
C) reliving their emotions, over and over again.
D) imagining revenge against those who supported Hitler.
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Multiple Choice
Q 129Q 129
There is little support for Darwin's contention that certain human facial expressions are innate or "hardwired."
Free
True False
Q 130Q 130
When people try to hide their feelings with an inauthentic expression, they use different groups of muscles
than they do for authentic emotions.
Free
True False
Q 131Q 131
People trying to hide their real feelings with fake expressions use the same muscle groups that are used
for real emotions.
Free
True False
Q 132Q 132
False smiles last ten seconds or more, whereas authentic smiles last only about two seconds.
Free
True False
Q 133Q 133
When people are told to smile and look pleased or happy, their positive feelings tend to increase.
Free
True False
Q 134Q 134
Human faces have only 10 muscles that enable us to portray the multitude of human emotions.
Free
True False
Q 135Q 135
Facial feedback is defined as the process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the
basic emotion being expressed.
Free
True False
Q 136Q 136
Our facial expressions help us communicate with others, but they also help us identify our own emotions.
Free
True False
Q 137Q 137
The meaning of their baby's facial expressions becomes apparent to most parents starting when the baby is about 12 months old.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 140Q 140
The amygdala scrutinizes information for its emotional importance and makes the initial decision to
approach or withdraw from a situation.
Free
True False
Q 141Q 141
The thalamus scrutinizes information for its emotional importance and makes the initial decision to
approach or withdraw from a person.
Free
True False
Q 142Q 142
The amygdala generates a more complete picture of a person or situation and can override signals sent by
lower parts of the brain.
Free
True False
Q 143Q 143
The amygdala is a key brain structure involved when, on Halloween, 3-year-old Ben screams in fear at the sight of his mom dressed as a witch.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 145Q 145
Regions of the left hemisphere of the brain appear to be specialized for positive emotions, such as
happiness.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 151Q 151
Practiced liars can beat the polygraph machine by tensing muscles during the neutral questions.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 153Q 153
Third-place winners tend to be happier about their performance than those who come in second.
Free
True False
Q 154Q 154
Some emotions, such as shame and guilt, depend almost entirely on the maturation of higher cognitive
processes.
Free
True False
Q 155Q 155
One of the universal sources of anger is the discovery of a spouse in a sexual relationship with another
person.
Free
True False
Q 156Q 156
People in most cultures feel angry in response to an insult, but they often disagree about how an insult is
defined.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 158Q 158
Hostility, ecstasy, irritability, and nostalgia would be considered prototypical emotions.
Free
True False
Q 159Q 159
Display rules are social and cultural rules that regulate when, how, and where a person may express, or
suppress, emotions.
Free
True False
Q 160Q 160
Display rules involve universal, biologically-based emotional displays evoked by particular emotional
situations.
Free
True False
Q 161Q 161
Research has shown that smiles always signal the same underlying emotion, regardless of culture or situational factors.
Free
True False
Q 162Q 162
After a Japanese/American business meeting, the most likely complaint by the Japanese would be that the
Americans are too cheerful.
Free
True False
Q 163Q 163
After a Japanese/American business meeting, the most likely complaint by the Americans would be that
the Japanese are too aloof and cold.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 166Q 166
The modern era of stress research began in 1956, when physician Hans Selye published The Stress of Life.
Free
True False
Q 167Q 167
During the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome, the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system increases its activity.
Free
True False
Q 168Q 168
During the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome, the body attempts to cope with a stressor
that persists over time.
Free
True False
Q 169Q 169
The exhaustion phase of the general adaptation syndrome follows the alarm stage as the body attempts to
cope with a stressor that persists over time.
Free
True False
Q 170Q 170
When a person is under stress, the hypothalamus sends messages to the endocrine glands along two major pathways.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 172Q 172
Work problems and unemployment pose a greater health risk than conflicts in relationships.
Free
True False
Q 173Q 173
The white blood cells of the immune system are designed to recognize antigens, such as flu viruses, and
then destroy them.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 175Q 175
Locus of control refers to your general expectation about whether you can control the things that happen to you.
Free
True False
Q 176Q 176
People who have the greatest control over their work pace and activities, such as executives and managers, have more stress than other employees with lesser work control.
Free
True False
Q 177Q 177
People who have an internal locus of control tend to believe that they are responsible for what happens to
them.
Free
True False
Q 178Q 178
People who have an external locus of control tend to believe that they are responsible for what happens to
them.
Free
True False
Q 179Q 179
People who have an internal locus of control tend to believe that their lives are controlled by luck, fate, or
other people.
Free
True False
Q 180Q 180
People who have an external locus of control tend to believe that their lives are controlled by luck, fate, or
other people.
Free
True False
Q 181Q 181
Human beings show signs of stress not when they are actually crowded, but when they feel crowded.
Free
True False
Q 182Q 182
At work, the people who suffer most from job stress and who are at greatest risk of illness are corporate
managers.
Free
True False
Q 183Q 183
Primary control is an effort to modify reality by changing other people, the situation, or events.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 185Q 185
Secondary control is an effort to modify reality by changing other people, the situation, or events.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 187Q 187
Secondary control is an effort to accept reality by changing your own attitude, goals, or emotions.
Free
True False
Q 188Q 188
Primary control is an effort to accept reality by changing your own attitude, goals, or emotions.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 195Q 195
The health risk factor of the Type A personality, with regard to heart disease, is high reactiveness to stress.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 198Q 198
Suppressing thoughts of a person who has harmed you, rather than talking about it with others, tends to be beneficial in reducing emotional responsiveness toward the perpetrator.
Free
True False
Q 199Q 199
When people rehearse their grievances and hold unforgiving grudges, their blood pressure, heart rate, and
skin conductance rise.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 202Q 202
Learning deep-breathing techniques to reduce anxiety about having been victimized by a crime is an
example of problem-focused coping.
Free
True False
Q 203Q 203
An effective way of dealing with a stressful situation is to reappraise your problems so that you think about them differently.
Free
True False
Q 204Q 204
Reappraisal of a stressful situation is effective because it changes your emotional responses; for example, turning anger into sympathy and worry into determination.
Free
True False
Q 205Q 205
When airports are crowded and flights are delayed, it is effective to remember that your perceptions of a
situation are as important as the situation itself in influencing the amount of stress that you feel.
Free
True False
Q 206Q 206
Making social comparisons, especially comparisons to one who is worse off, is therapeutic in difficult
situations.
Free
True False
Q 207Q 207
In a difficult situation, successful copers often compare themselves to others who are (as they perceive) less
fortunate than themselves.
Free
True False
Q 208Q 208
When social support comes from a stranger, its benefits on the immune system are especially powerful.
Free
True False
Q 209Q 209
An affectionate touch elevates the "therapeutic" hormone melatonin (the hormone that induces relaxation).
Free
True False
Q 210Q 210
An effective way to cope with stress is to give support to others, rather than always being on the receiving
end.
Free
True False
Q 211Q 211
Name the seven facial expressions of emotion that Paul Ekman identified as having distinctive physiological patterns and corresponding universal facial expressions.
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 212Q 212
Charles Darwin argued that human facial expressions are innate. What evolutionary reason did Darwin give for the evolution of these expressions?
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 213Q 213
Everyone knows that feeling happy makes people smile, but can smiling make people feel happier? Explain why or why not.
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 214Q 214
Describe the research in which 1-year-old babies were placed on an ambiguous visual cliff. What did this research reveal about emotion?
Free
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Q 215Q 215
Explain why the small structure in the brain, the amygdala, is considered a key structure in regard to
emotion.
Free
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Q 216Q 216
Jillian got a B on her psychology midterm and she is proud and overjoyed. But her friend, Halley, who also got a B, is absolutely furious. How does this example illustrate the importance of appraisal in emotional responses?
Free
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There is no answer for this question
Q 217Q 217
Anna is the front-desk manager of a hotel. What is "emotion work" and in what ways is it necessary for Anna's job?
Free
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There is no answer for this question
Q 218Q 218
Shannon's first bee sting, when she was 7 years old, led to a trip to the emergency room after she had an allergic reaction. As she is playing at Kyla's tenth birthday party, Shannon notices a bee near her hand. Explain the phase of the general adaptation syndrome that Shannon experiences at this moment.
Free
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Free
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Free
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Q 221Q 221
Whitney says that her goal in graduate school is to specialize in psychoneuroimmunology (PNI). What does Whitney intend to study?
Free
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Free
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Q 223Q 223
Define internal locus of control and external locus of control, and explain the concepts with suitable examples.
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 224Q 224
Define primary control and secondary control. How do Eastern and Western cultures typically differ in their approach to controlling events in one's life?
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 225Q 225
What are the characteristics of Type A individuals? What part of the Type A personality is a risk factor for heart disease?
Free
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Q 226Q 226
Many people who keep private journals do so because it allows them to divulge private thoughts and feelings that make them feel ashamed, worried, frightened, or sad. Is this confessional behavior emotionally beneficial? Explain why or why not.
Free
Not Answered
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Free
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Q 228Q 228
Emotions are often visibly expressed on the face. In what ways have modern psychologists confirmed Darwin's concepts regarding facial expressions? Describe Paul Ekman's research regarding the expression of emotion.
Free
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Q 229Q 229
Facial expressions do not always reveal the emotions underneath. The villain in Shakespeare's
Henry VI said, "Why, I can smile, and murder while I smile; and cry content to that which grieves my heart; and wet my cheeks with artificial tears, and frame my face to all occasions." How did Paul Ekman and his colleagues distinguish between authentic and false facial expressions of emotion?
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 230Q 230
Many components of emotional experience are specifically localized in the brain. What have researchers
learned about emotion and the brain, especially in regard to:
-the key role the amygdala plays in emotion;
-the interaction between the amygdala and the cerebral cortex in "completing" the emotional picture;
-the effects of brain damage to the amygdala;
-the effects of brain damage to critical areas of the cortex dealing with emotion?
Free
Not Answered
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Q 231Q 231
What are some problems with law enforcement agencies using polygraph machines to detect lies and deception? What other technologies are researchers trying to use to measure the physiological signs of lying?
Free
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Q 232Q 232
In his book The Stress of Life, Hans Selye wrote that many different environmental stressors, such as heat or cold, pain, or danger, disrupt the body's equilibrium and lead to a three-phase physiological reaction. Create your own example of an environmental stressor and then provide details of each of the three phases.
Free
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Q 233Q 233
During stress, the hypothalamus can control the release of hormones from the adrenal glands via two major pathways. Describe the two pathways and the effects of the hormones they control.
Free
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Q 234Q 234
Galen is feeling overwhelmed by assignments and tests. What would you recommend to help him calm down? He decides to take a break from schoolwork for a couple of hours. What are three activities that Galen could do during this period that will help him cope with his stress and decrease his risk of illness?
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 235Q 235
There are some tragedies that appear out of the blue and can't be solved. But even if a problem cannot be fixed, your textbook authors describe three ways that have proven effective in helping people thrive as the result of a crisis. Name and examine each of these effective cognitive coping methods.
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 236Q 236
Mice show signs of stress when they are crowded, but humans often seek crowds. Chapter 11 gave us insight into this topic. Integrate the research on crowding with your knowledge from Chapter 8, Behavior in Social and Cultural Context, concerning cultural differences in personal space and conversational distance.
Free
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There is no answer for this question
Q 237Q 237
In the textbook chapter on Sensation and Perception (Chapter 6), we read about a clever method for testing an infant's perception of depth. Describe the physical apparatus called the "visual cliff" and explain how it is used in testing the depth perception in babies. How was the visual cliff procedure modified in order to assess the ways in which babies begin to alter their own behaviors after observing their parents' emotional reactions? What results were found?
Free
Not Answered
There is no answer for this question
Q 238Q 238
Three-year-old Olivia sees her dad dressed as a gorilla and runs away in fear. What brain structure is probably involved in her emotional reaction?
Free
Short Answer
Q 239Q 239
Ana Maria is watching an old Laurel and Hardy film, which makes her chuckle and makes her want to see more funny movies. Which side of her prefrontal cortex is likely to be most active?
Free
Short Answer
Q 240Q 240
Casey is watching Horrible Hatchet Homicides in the Haunted House. What cells in his brain are making him wince when the hero is being attacked?
Free
Short Answer
Q 241Q 241
Casey is watching Horrible Hatchet Homicides in the Haunted House II. What hormones are causing his heart to pound and his palms to sweat when the murderer is stalking an unsuspecting victim?
Free
Short Answer
Q 242Q 242
Dara and Dinah get B's on their psychology midterm, but Dara is ecstatic and proud, and Dinah is furious. What expectations and attributions are probably affecting their emotional reactions?
Free
Essay
Q 243Q 243
At a party, you see a stranger flirting with your date. You are flooded with jealousy. What cognitions might be causing this emotion? Be specific. What alternative thoughts might reduce your jealous feelings?
Free
Essay
Q 244Q 244
Maureen is working in a fast-food restaurant and is becoming irritated with a customer who isn't ordering fast enough. She is supposed to be pleasant to all customers, but instead she snaps, "Hey, whaddaya want to order, slowpoke?" To keep her job and her temper, Maureen needs practice in ___________.
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Short Answer
Q 245Q 245
In a class discussion, a student says something that embarrasses a student from another culture. The second student smiles to disguise his discomfort; the first student, thinking he is not being taken seriously, gets angry. This misunderstanding reflects the students' different ___________ for the expression of embarrassment and anger.
Free
Short Answer
Free
True False
Q 247Q 247
Steve is unexpectedly called on in class to discuss a question. He hasn't the faintest idea of the answer, and he feels his heart pound and his palms sweat. According to Selye, Steve is in the ___________ phase of his stress response.
Free
Short Answer
Q 248Q 248
Maria has worked as a file clerk for 17 years in a job that is closely supervised and boring. Her boss must make many rapid-fire decisions every day and is always complaining of the pressures of responsibility. Which of them probably has the more stressful job?
a. Maria,
b. the boss
c. both equally
d. neither job is stressful
Free
Essay
Q 249Q 249
Anika usually takes credit for doing well on her work assignments and blames her failures on lack of effort. Benecia attributes her successes to luck and blames her failures on the fact that she is an indecisive Gemini. Anika has an ___________ locus of control, whereas Benecia has an ___________ locus.
Free
Short Answer
Q 250Q 250
Adapting to the reality that you have a chronic medical condition is an example of (primary/secondary) control; joining a protest to make a local company clean up its hazardous wastes is an example of (primary/secondary) control.
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Short Answer
Q 251Q 251
On television, a self-described health expert explains that "no one gets sick if they don't want to be sick," because we can all control our bodies. As a critical thinker, how should you assess this claim?
Free
Essay
Q 252Q 252
Which aspect of Type A behavior is most hazardous to the heart?
A) working hard
B) being in a hurry
C) cynical hostility
D) irritability in traffic
E) general grumpiness
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 253Q 253
Amber has many worries about being in college, but she is afraid to tell anyone. What might be the healthiest solution for her?
A) trying not to think about her feelings
B) writing down her feelings and then rereading and rethinking what she wrote
C) talking frequently to anyone who will listen
D) tweeting her friends about her moods
Free
Multiple Choice
Free
Essay
Q 255Q 255
You accidentally broke your glasses. Which response is an example of reappraisal?
A) "I am such a stupid, clumsy idiot!"
B) "I never do anything right."
C) "What a shame, but I've been wanting new frames anyway."
D) "I'll forget about it in aerobics class."
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 256Q 256
Finding out what your legal and financial resources are when you have been victimized by a crime is an example of:
A) problem-focused coping.
B) emotion-focused coping.
C) distraction.
D) reappraisal.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 257Q 257
"This class drives me crazy, but I'm better off than my friends who aren't in college" is an example of:
A) distraction.
B) social comparison.
C) denial.
D) empathy.
Free
Multiple Choice
Free
Short Answer
Q 259Q 259
Your roommate has turned your room into a garbage dump, filled with rotten leftover food and unwashed clothes. Assuming that you don't like living with rotting food and dirty clothes, what coping strategies described in this section might help you?
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Essay