Quiz 15: Chronic Pulmonary Dysfunction

What is the term for the amount of air inspired and expired during normal resting ventilation? A)Tidal volume B)Total lung capacity C)Residual volume D)Vital capacity

What is inspiratory capacity? A)Tidal volume plus expiratory reserve volume B)Tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume C)Residual volume plus expiratory reserve volume D)Residual volume plus inspiratory reserve volume

What is functional residual capacity? A)Tidal volume plus expiratory reserve volume B)Tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume C)Residual volume plus expiratory reserve volume D)Residual volume plus inspiratory reserve volume

The patient is asked to maximally inspire and then forcibly exhale into a measuring device until the expiratory residual volume has been expired.What does this assess? A)Functional residual capacity B)Total lung capacity C)Residual volume D)Forced vital capacity

What is the importance of the measure of forced expiratory volume in 1 second? A)It is a measure of the speed of expiration of total lung capacity. B)It determines the amount of the functional residual capacity. C)It is an airflow measure that reflects the status of the airways. D)It is the volume of air that is under voluntary control.

What is the best measure of strength of inspiratory muscles? A)Maximum inspiratory pressure B)Functional residual capacity C)Total lung volume D)Inspiratory residual volume

What is chronic obstructive lung disease? A)Episodic periods of airway narrowing secondary to bronchospasm of the airways B)A condition characterized by thickened pulmonary secretions that obstruct the airway C)A condition characterized by limited airflow as a result of airway inflammation D)A condition in which lung volume is reduced with decreased lung expansion

What is asthma? A)Episodic periods of airway narrowing secondary to bronchospasm of the airways B)A condition characterized by thickened pulmonary secretions that obstruct the airway C)A condition characterized by limited airflow as a result of airway inflammation D)A condition in which lung volume is reduced with decreased lung expansion

What is cystic fibrosis? A)Episodic periods of airway narrowing secondary to bronchospasm of the airways B)A condition characterized by thickened pulmonary secretions that obstruct the airway C)A condition characterized by limited airflow as a result of airway inflammation D)A condition in which lung volume is reduced with decreased lung expansion

How does hyperinflation occur in COPD? A)It occurs when air is moved too quickly through the airways. B)It occurs when the patient has difficulty inspiring adequate volume. C)It occurs as the patient inspires fully,including the residual volume. D)It occurs as air is trapped in the distal airways because of narrowing.

What occurs in the advanced stages of COPD? A)The pulmonary capillary beds are destroyed. B)There is excess expiratory volume. C)Decreased carbon dioxide levels are found in the blood. D)Dilatation of the airways occurs during expiration.

What signs and symptoms could the therapist expect to see in a patient with COPD? A)Chronic cough and inspiratory wheezing B)Cyanosis and barrel chest appearance C)Expiratory wheezing and decreased residual volume D)Increased functional residual capacity

The patient presents with an episode of expiratory wheezing,dyspnea,and use of accessory muscles of ventilation.What is the most likely cause? A)COPD B)Restrictive disease C)Cystic fibrosis D)Asthma

What is the cause of cystic fibrosis? A)Environmental irritants B)Genetic-recessive trait C)History of smoking D)History of radiation therapy

What could the therapist expect to see in a patient with cystic fibrosis? A)Thin yellow bronchial secretions B)Cyanosis and digital clubbing C)Decreased chest diameter D)Atrophy of accessory muscles

What are the signs and symptoms of restrictive lung disease? A)Excessive chest expansion B)Productive cough C)Dyspnea with fatigue D)Increased functional residual capacity

What is one of the most important interventions for the treatment of COPD? A)Use of pharmacological agents B)Radiation therapy C)Surgical interventions D)Smoking cessation programs

The patient required a rescue dose of a short-acting beta-2 agonist to facilitate bronchodilation.What might the therapist expect to see after using this medication? A)Increased heart rate B)Decreased blood pressure C)Sense of relaxation D)Throat and mouth pain

The patient has used steroids for chronic pulmonary disease over a long period.What are the potential side-effects of systemic steroid use? A)Osteoporosis and muscle wasting B)Hearing loss and muscle wasting C)Tremors and high anxiety levels D)Nausea and low blood pressure

What tool is available to assist the therapist in examining and quantifying dyspena? A)The SF36 B)Chest expansion measurements C)Visual analog scale D)Functional capacity measures

What is the normal ratio for the anterior-posterior to lateral diameter of the thorax? A)5:1 B)7:2 C)1:1 D)2:1

While auscultating the lungs the therapist hears a loud,hollow,echoing sound during much of the ventilatory cycle.What is this called? A)Bronchial B)Decreased C)Vesicular D)Wheezing

The therapist performs a graded exercise tolerance test by having the patient walk on a treadmill with gradually increasing exercise intensity.This is used to A)determine the appropriate exercise prescription. B)evaluate the functional lung capacity of the patient. C)determine potential for improvement with exercise. D)evaluate efficiency of respiratory patterns.

What type of aerobic exercise has been shown to be the most effective for patients with lung disease? A)Walking on a treadmill at speeds >3.5 miles per hour B)Stepping exercises using a 12-in.step C)Swimming laps at a moderate to high intensity D)Combination of upper and lower extremity exercise

Using Karvonen's formula for determining the target heart rate range,what would the target heart rate range for a 42-year-old woman with a resting heart rate of 80 and a maximum heart rate on the Graded Exercise Test of 175,exercising at 70% to 80% of maximum? A)83 to 94 B)124 to 142 C)115 to 175 D)65 to 120

What is an indication that the exercise prescription should be progressed for a patient with COPD? A)Significant increase in blood pressure during exercise B)Reports of a higher rating of perceived exertion C)Reports of decreased levels of dyspnea on exertion D)Low-intensity exercises have become difficult.

The therapist has determined the exercise prescription should be progressed for a patient with COPD.What parameter of exercise should the therapist increase first? A)Intensity B)Frequency C)Duration D)Mode

What is a passive method of secretion removal techniques? A)Percussion B)Huffing C)Active cycle of breathing technique D)Deep breathing and coughing

Coughing can be ineffective for airway clearance in some patients with pulmonary dysfunction.What is another method of active airway clearance? A)Percussion and shaking B)Positive expiratory pressure C)Postural drainage D)The huffing method

How does the active cycle of breathing technique help the patient remove secretions? A)The therapist performs a suctioning technique that loosens and removes secretions. B)With the help of a therapist the secretions are loosened via positions and shaking. C)Through active breathing techniques,the patient moves secretions into larger airways. D)During a normal breathing cycle the patient forces an expiration to remove secretions.

What type of patient would benefit from the use of positive expiratory pressure? A)A patient whose airways close down with forced expiration. B)A patient whose airways close down with forced inspiration. C)A patient who requires assistance for breathing at rest. D)A patient who has severe shortness of breath during exercise.