Quiz 8: Structuring System Data Requirements

The most common format used for data modeling is ________ diagramming. A)Entity-class B)Entity-object C)Entity-subject D)Entity-relationship

During requirements structuring,a ________ model represents conceptual data requirements for a particular system. A)Business B)Project C)Data D)Relationship

A(n)________ data model is a detailed model that captures the overall structure of organizational data that is independent of any database management system or other implementation considerations. A)Conceptual B)Physical C)Logical D)Entity

A physical data model is a detailed model that captures the overall structure of organizational data that is independent of any database management system or other implementation considerations.

Conceptual data modeling is not done in parallel with other requirements analysis and structuring steps during systems analysis.

The process of conceptual data modeling begins with developing a conceptual data model for the system being replaced,if a system already exists.This is essential for planning the conversion of the current files or database into the database of the new system.

The primary deliverable from the physical data modeling step within the analysis phase is an E-R diagram.

The other deliverable from conceptual data modeling is a full set of entries about data objects that will be stored in the project dictionary,repository,or data modeling software.

Why do some systems developers believe the data model is the most important part of IS requirements?

Describe conceptual data modeling.How is it used? Describe the process.

What unique characteristic(s)distinguish(es)each object from other objects of the same type? A)Secondary key B)Primary key C)Composite key D)Index

On what basis are objects referenced,selected,qualified,sorted,and categorized? A)Attributes and secondary keys B)Entities C)Primary keys D)Index

An ________ model is a detailed,logical representation of the entities,associations,and data elements for an organization or business area. A)E-D B)E-O C)E-R D)E-A

A(n)________ is a person,place,object,event,or concept in the user environment about which the organization wishes to maintain data. A)Dimension B)Attribute C)Object D)Entity

An entity ________ is a collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics. A)Object B)Type C)Subject D)Relationship

Each entity type in an E-R model is given a ________ because it represents a class or set,it is singular. A)Class B)Type C)Name D)Degree

An entity ________ is a single occurrence of an entity type. A)Instance B)Object C)Attribute D)Class

An entity ________ is described just once in a data model,whereas many ________ of that may be represented by data stored in the database. A)Type; instances B)Type; classes C)Instance; types D)Class; objects

A common mistake many people make when they are just learning to draw E-R diagrams,especially if they already know how to do data flow diagramming,is to confuse data entities with ________ and relationships with data flows. A)Classes B)Sinks C)Relationships D)Attributes

Event entity types should be named for the result of the ________,not the activity or process of the event. A)Event B)Class C)Entity D)Object

A(n)________ is a named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization. A)Event B)Instance C)Relationship D)Attribute

Similar attributes of different entity types should use ________ but distinguishing names. A)Similar B)Different C)Unique D)Duplicate

A ________ key is an attribute (or combination of attributes)that uniquely identifies each instance of an entity type. A)Primary B)Unique C)Candidate D)Duplicate

A(n)________ is an attribute that may take on more than one value for each entity instance. A)Multi-valued attribute B)Single-valued attribute C)Identifier D)Candidate key

A(n)________ is an attribute that must have a value forevery entity instance. A)Derived attribute B)Composite attribute C)Required attribute D)Optional attribute

A(n)________ is an attribute that may not have a value forevery entity instance. A)Required attribute B)Derived attribute C)Composite attribute D)Optional attribute

A(n)________ is an attribute that has meaningful component parts. A)Optional attribute B)Composite attribute C)Required attribute D)Derived attribute

A(n)________ is an attribute whose value can be computed from related attribute values. A)Derived attribute B)Composite attribute C)Required attribute D)Optional attribute

A(n)________ is an association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization. A)Attribute B)Repeating group C)Relationship D)Identifier

The ________ of a relationship is the number of entity types that participate in that relationship. A)Object B)Degree C)Identifier D)Measure

A unary relationship is a relationship between the instances of ________ entity type(s). A)One B)Two C)Three D)Five

A recursive relationship is also known as a ________ relationship. A)Binary B)Ternary C)Secondary D)Unary

A ________ relationship is a relationship between instances of two entity types and is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling. A)Secondary B)Binary C)Primary D)Ternary

A ternary relationship is a simultaneous relationship among instances of ________ entity type(s). A)One B)Two C)Three D)Ten

The ________ defines the number of instances of entity B that can (or must)be associated with each instance of entity A. A)Cardinality B)Relationship C)Identifier D)Association

A(n)________ is an entity type that associates the instances of one or more entity types and contains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances. A)Relationship B)Associative entity C)Identifier D)Cardinality

An entity has its own identity that distinguishes it from each other entity.

An object type is a collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics.

An entity instance (also known simply as an instance)is a single occurrence of an entity type and is described just once in a data model,whereas many instances of that entity type may be represented by data stored in the database.

Event entity types should be named for the result of the event,not the activity or process of the event.

A state is a named property or characteristic of an entity that is of interest to the organization.

A primary key is an attribute (or combination of attributes)that uniquely identifies each instance of an entity type.

An identifier is a candidate key that has been selected to be used as the unique characteristic for an entity type.

An aggregation is an association between the instances of one or more entity types that is of interest to the organization.

What is the link between a data model and a DFD?

List at least four requirements for determination questions for data modeling.Include a question and which asset is related to that determination.

List and explain the following key data modeling terms: entity,attribute,relationship,degree,cardinality,and associative entity.

A ternary relationship is a relationship between instances of two entity types and is the most common type of relationship encountered in data modeling.

The minimum cardinality of a relationship is the minimum number of instances of entity B that may be associated with each instance of entity A.

A relationship definition explains what action is being taken and possibly why it is important.It may be important to state who or what does the action,but it is not important to explain how the action is taken.

An entity type that associates the instances of only one type and contains attributes that are peculiar to the relationship between those entity instances.

One situation in which a relationship must be turned into an associative entity is when the associative entity has other relationships with entities besides the relationship that caused its creation.

Define unary,binary,and ternary relationships.Provide an example of each relationship.

Explain the concept of cardinality.Give an example.

Naming relationships can be difficult.Describe at least three guidelines for naming relationships.

A ________ is an entity type that is meaningful to the organization and that shares common attributes or relationships distinct from other sub-groupings. A)Repeating group B)Multi-valued C)Super-type D)Subtype

The ________ rule specifies that an entity instance of the super type does not have to belong to any subtype. A)Total specialization B)Partial specialization C)Overlap D)Disjoint

The ________ rule specifies that each entity instance of the super-type must be a member of some subtype of the relationship. A)Partial specialization B)Business C)Overlap D)Total specialization

The ________ rule specifies that if an entity instance of the super type is a member of one subtype,it cannot simultaneously be a member of any other subtype. A)Business B)Overlap C)Disjoint D)Partial specialization

A supertype is a generic entity type that has a relationship with one or more subtypes.

Briefly identify four important business rules for supertype/subtype relationships.

The ________ rule specifies that an entity instance can simultaneously be a member of two (or more)subtypes. A)Business B)Overlap C)Disjoint D)Total specialization

________ rules are specifications that preserve the integrity of the logical data model. A)Business B)Disjoint C)Overlap D)Total specialization

How many types of business rules are there in conceptual data modeling? A)One B)Two C)Three D)Four

Which business rule specifies that each instance of an entity type must have a unique identifier that is not null? A)Triggering operations B)Referential integrity C)Entity integrity D)Domains

Which business rule specifies the validity of attribute values? A)Triggering operations B)Referential integrity C)Entity integrity D)Domains

Which business rule specifies constraints on valid values for attributes? A)Triggering operations B)Referential integrity C)Entity integrity D)Domains

Which business rule specifies rules concerning the relationships between entity types? A)Triggering operations B)Referential integrity constraints C)Entity integrity D)Domains

A domain is the set of all data types and ranges of values that ________ may assume. A)Entities B)Instances C)Attributes D)Events

A(n)________ is an assertion or rule that governs the validity of data manipulation operations such as insert,update,and delete. A)Domain B)Event C)Referential integrity D)Triggering operation

A(n)________ is a concise statement of the business rule to be enforced by the triggering operation. A)Event B)User rule C)Action D)Condition

A(n)________ is the data manipulation operation (insert,delete,or update)that initiates the operation. A)Event B)User rule C)Action D)Condition

There is/are ________ principal type(s)of packaged data model(s). A)One B)Two C)Three D)Five

The disjoint rule specifies that if an entity instance of the supertype is a member of one subtype,it can simultaneously be a member of any other subtype.

Domain definitions typically specify some (or all)of the following characteristics of attributes: data type,length,format,range,allowable values,meaning,uniqueness,and null support (whether an attribute value may or may not be null).

Projects with purchased models take less time and cost more because the initial discovery steps are no longer necessary,leaving only iterative tailoring and refinement to the local situation.

Define domains for the following attributes: Account number.

Define triggering operation.Provide an example and include the components.

________ data models are generic data models that are designed to be used by organizations within specific industries. A)Universal B)Conceptual C)Logical D)Industry-specific

The term ________ data model means a conceptual data model with some additional properties associated with the most popular type of database technology like relational databases. A)Universal B)Physical C)Logical D)Industry-specific

Which benefit of purchased data models refers to the fact that they are very general,covering almost all options employed by the associated functional area or industry? A)Consistent and complete B)Validated C)Cost reduction D)Facilitates systems analysis

Which benefit of purchased data models provides database planning and analysis by providing a first data model,which we can use to generate specific analysis questions and concrete,not hypothetical or abstract,examples of what might be in the appropriate database? A)Validated B)Consistent and complete C)Cost reduction D)Facilitates systems analysis

A(n)________ has a well-defined role in the application domain,and it has state (data),behavior,and identity characteristics. A)Event B)Object C)Activity D)Class

The ________ of an object encompasses its properties (attributes and relationships)and the values of those properties. A)State B)Condition C)Behavior D)Event

The ________ shows the static structure of an object-oriented model: the object classes,their internal structure,and the relationships in which they participate. A)Data model B)Object class C)Object diagram D)Class diagram

The ________ is a logical grouping of objects that have the same (or similar)attributes,relationships,and behaviors; also called class. A)Operation B)Encapsulation C)Object class D)Object diagram

The ________ is the technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from its external view. A)Query operation B)Encapsulation C)Constructor operation D)Update operation

A(n)________ is an operation that does not have any side effects; it accesses the state of an object but does not alter the state. A)Encapsulation B)Constructor operation C)Update operation D)Query operation

A(n)________ is a specification that indicates how many objects participate in a given relationship. A)Association role B)Multiplicity C)Association D)Object class

A(n)________ class is a class that has no direct instances but whose descendants may have direct instances. A)Abstract B)Concrete C)Object D)Associative

A class that can have direct instances (e.g.,Outpatient or Resident Patient)is called a(n)________ class. A)Object B)Abstract C)Associative D)Concrete

A part-of relationship in which parts belong to only one whole object,and the parts live and die with the whole object is called ________. A)Method B)Composition C)Aggregation D)Polymorphism

The fact that the same operation may apply to two or more classes in different ways is known as ________. A)Aggregation B)Abstract operation C)Polymorphism D)Composition

The technique of hiding the internal implementation details of an object from its external view is known as encapsulation.

Operations can be classified into four types,depending on the kind of service requested by clients.

What are the benefits of beginning an operation with a packaged logical data model?