Quiz 12: Designing Distributed and Internet Systems

Designing distributed and Internet systems is much like designing ________ location systems. A)Client B)Multi C)Single D)Double

________ is the cabling,hardware,and software used to connect workstations,computers and file servers located in a confined geographical area. A)WAN B)LAN C)File server D)RAM

A ________ is a device that manages file operations and is shared by each client PC attached to a LAN. A)File server B)WAN C)LAN D)Database engine

In a file server configuration,each file server acts as an additional hard disk for each client ________. A)LAN B)WAN C)Database engine D)PC

Which of the following is NOT a feature of an application program in a file server model? A)User interface B)Record locking C)Database processing D)Generate queries

Which of the following is NOT a feature of a file server in a file server model? A)File storage B)Significant LAN traffic C)Acts like extra hard disk to client D)Process or scans tables

Which of the below is NOT the limitations of file servers? A)Excessive data movement B)The need for a powerful client workstation C)Handle integrity and security D)Decentralized data control

File servers transfer files when data are requested from a ________. A)Client B)PC C)LAN D)Database engine

Client/server architecture is a ________-based computing environment in which a central database server or engine performs all database commands sent to it from client workstations,and application programs on each client concentrate on user interface functions. A)WAN B)LAN C)Client D)PC

A ________ is the (back-end)portion of the client/server database system running on the server that provides database processing and shared access functions. A)User B)Client C)File server D)Database engine

The ________ is the portion of the client/server database system that provides the user interface and data manipulation functions. A)Client B)File server C)Database engine D)LAN

A(n)________ refers to the software building blocks that are used to ensure that common system capabilities,such as user interfaces and printing,as well as modules are standardized to facilitate data exchange between clients and servers. A)Application server B)File server C)API D)Virtual machine

A(n)________ is a computing server where data analysis functions primarily reside. A)API B)Application server C)File server D)Virtual machine

A(n)________ is a software emulation of a physical computer system,both hardware and operating system,that allows more efficient sharing of physical hardware resources. A)API B)Application server C)File server D)Virtual machine

A(n)________ is the act of creating virtual (rather than physical)versions of a variety of computing capabilities including hardware platforms,operating systems,storage devices,and networks. A)Virtualization B)Virtual machine C)Middleware D)API

Three-tiered client/server is an advanced client/server architecture in which there are three logical and distinct applications-________,presentation,and analysis-that are combined to create a single information system. A)File server B)Database engine C)Data management D)Middleware

A(n)________ is a combination of hardware,software and communication technology that brings data management,presentation,and analysis together into a three-tiered (or n-tiered)client/server environment. A)API B)Middleware C)Data management D)Virtual machine

The ________ functions of an IS manage all interaction between software and files and databases,including data retrieval/querying,updating,security,concurrency control,and recovery. A)Data presentation B)Data analysis C)Middleware D)Data management

The ________ functions of an IS manage just the interface between system users and the software,including the display and printing of forms and reports and possibly validating system inputs. A)Data presentation B)Data analysis C)Middleware D)Data management

The ________ functions of an IS transform inputs into outputs,including simple summarization to complex mathematical modeling such as regression analysis. A)Data presentation B)Data analysis C)Middleware D)Data management

When designing distributed and Internet systems,the deliverable is a document that will consolidate the information that must be considered when implementing a system design.

Each PC and workstation on a WAN is typically within a few hundred feet of another,with a total network cable length of less than one mile.

Decentralized data control is a benefit when using file servers on LANs.

Excessive data movement is a limitation when using file servers on WANs.

Each client workstation must devote memory to a full version of the DBMS,there is less room on the client PC to rapidly manipulate data in high-speed random access memory (RAM).

An improvement in LAN-based systems is the client/server architecture in which application processing is divided (not necessarily evenly)between client and server.

In the typical client/server architecture,all database recovery,security,and concurrent access management are centralized at the server; this is the responsibility of each user workstation in a simple LAN.

Application program interface is the (front-end)portion of the client/server database system that provides the user interface and data manipulation functions.

In advanced architectures,data analysis can reside on a powerful application server,resulting in substantially faster response times for users.

Define file server.What are the limitations of a file server?

Define a client/server architecture.

What are the advantages of a client/server architecture?

Compare and contrast a file server vs the client/server architectures.

Define middleware.Provide an example to illustrate the usefulness of middleware.

What are the benefits of creating three-tiered client/server architecture?

What are the characteristics of a cloud computing model?

A thin client is a client device designed so that most processing and data storage occur on the ________. A)Middleware B)Database engine C)Client D)Server

Which cloud computing characteristic allows for most flexibility,meaning users can access cloud resources in a buffet-style fashion on an as-needed basis without the need for lengthy negotiations with the service provider? A)Rapid Elasticity B)Broad Network Access C)On-Demand Self-Service D)Resource Pooling

Which cloud computing characteristic provides computing resources that can be scaled up or down almost instantaneously and often automatically,based on user needs? A)Rapid Elasticity B)Broad Network Access C)On-Demand Self-Service D)Measured Service

Which cloud computing characteristic specifies that the cloud services are accessible from almost anywhere and from almost any Web-enabled device? A)Rapid Elasticity B)Broad Network Access C)Resource Pooling D)On-Demand Self-Service

________ specifies that rather than renting out space or time to each customer on one specific,physical machine,cloud providers manage multiple distributed resources that are dynamically assigned to multiple customers based on their needs. A)Rapid Elasticity B)Broad Network Access C)On-Demand Self-Service D)Resource Pooling

________ specifies that service is typically provided using a utility computing model where customers pay only for what they use. A)Resource Pooling B)Measured Service C)On-Demand Self-Service D)Broad Network Access

In the ________ model,only the basic capabilities of processing,storage,and networking are provided.Hence,the customer has the most control over the resources. A)IaaS B)PaaS C)SaaS D)DBMS

In the ________ model,customers can run their own applications,which are typically designed using tools provided by the service provider. A)IaaS B)SaaS C)PaaS D)DBMS

In the ________ model,the customer uses only applications provided via a cloud infrastructure.Typically,such applications include Web-based e-mail services and Web-based productivity suites. A)PaaS B)SaaS C)IaaS D)DBMS

Applications under the ________ model are typically easiest to deploy,because the customer does not have to worry about maintaining or updating the software,the underlying platform,or the hardware infrastructure. A)SaaS B)IaaS C)PaaS D)data

In the ________ model,the user has control over the applications but has limited or no control over the underlying infrastructure. A)SaaS B)IaaS C)PaaS D)data

Services in a(n)________ cloud can be used by any interested party on a pay-per-use basis; hence,they are often used for applications that need rapid scalability. A)Internal B)Network C)Private D)Public

A(n)________ cloud does not free an organization from the issues associated with managing the cloud infrastructure,but it does give the organization a high degree of customizability,flexibility,and control over their data and applications. A)Private B)Public C)External D)Network

A(n)________ cloud is internal to an organization and can help the organization to balance demand and supply of computing resources within the organization. A)Public B)Private C)External D)Network

Which of the following is a feature of a private cloud? A)Control B)Flexible C)Standardized D)Fast and easy setup

Which of the following is a feature of a public cloud? A)Privacy B)Centralized C)Owned by client D)Pay per use

Which factor specifies that organizations must ensure that acceptable support capabilities and personnel are available,especially for mission-critical applications,to rapidly solve technical issues when they arise? A)Scalability B)Reliability C)Openness D)Costs

Which characteristic specifies that organizations have to carefully evaluate to what extent the provider will be able to meet current and future business needs in terms of data storage,transaction volumes,and so on? A)Scalability B)Reliability C)Viability D)Diversity of Offerings

Which characteristic is concerned with the stability of the service provider in the long run? A)Costs B)Scalability C)Viability D)Diversity of Offerings

Which characteristic specifies that when sensitive data are concerned,organizations have to question how secure the data will be from outside intruders,how the privacy of customer data will be protected,and whether the data storage complies with regulations such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act,HIPAA,etc.? A)Viability B)Security,Privacy,and Compliance C)Diversity of Offerings D)Costs

Which characteristic specifies that an important question to ask from the organization side is which provider can offer the services needed both presently and in the future? A)Viability B)Openness C)Security,Privacy,and Compliance D)Diversity of Offerings

Which characteristic focuses on the issue of interoperability which the organizations face? A)Viability B)Openness C)Reliability D)Diversity of Offerings

Which characteristic focuses on balancing the benefits and costs of the flexibility and scalability the cloud offers? A)Viability B)Openness C)Costs D)Reliability

________-oriented architecture is a software architecture in which business processes are broken down into individual components that are designed to achieve the desired results for the service consumer. A)Service B)Object C)Client D)Server

According to the ________ service principle,a service should be usable in many different applications. A)Reliability B)Reusability C)Interoperability D)Componentization

According to the ________ service principle,a service should work with any other service. A)Reliability B)Reusability C)Interoperability D)Componentization

According to the ________ service principle,a service should be simple and modular. A)Reliability B)Reusability C)Interoperability D)Componentization

A Web service is a method of communication between two electronic devices over a ________. A)Network B)Server C)Client D)Device

________ is an Internet authoring language that allows designers to create customized tags,enabling the definition,transmission,validation,and interpretation of data between applications. A)JAVA B)HTML5 C)HTML D)XML

Thin clients are most appropriate for doing a minimal amount of client-side processing,essentially displaying information sent to the client from the server.

To allow for most flexibility,users can access cloud resources in a buffet-style fashion on an as-needed basis without the need for lengthy negotiations with the service provider; in many cases,resources in the cloud are accessible by the customer with no need for human interaction with the provider.

In the platform as a service (PaaS)model,customers cannot run their own applications,which are typically designed using tools provided by the service provider.

A private cloud frees an organization from the issues associated with managing the cloud infrastructure.

A public cloud infrastructure is shared among different companies,with different applications running on the same hardware; as a result,it is impossible for organizations to know where exactly (physically)the data are located,and thus auditing who has access to the data is extremely difficult,if not impossible.

In order to achieve greater flexibility and agility,organizations have tried to move away from deploying large,monolithic applications in favor of object-oriented architecture.

The software system that makes a request is called a service requester,whereas the software system that would process the request and provide the response is called a service provider.

An increasingly popular approach for formatting data within a Web service environment is JavaScript Object Notation.

Describe the three types of service models.

What are the types of clouds?

What issues should management consider when implementing cloud computing in the organization?

Define service-oriented architecture.Why would a company want to implement this architecture?

What are the three main principles used in SOA to achieve the benefits of use and reuse?

Define Web service.List some of the more common languages and technologies associated with Web service.

________ is a lightweight data interchange approach that is relatively easy for humans to understand and for computers to generate or interpret. A)SOAP B)JSON C)XML D)REST

________ is a protocol for communicating XML data between Web service applications and the operating system. A)SOAP B)JSON C)HTTP D)REST

________ is a relatively simple and fast protocol for communicating JSON data between Web service applications and the operating system. A)SOAP B)HTTP C)REST D)BIND

________ is a method for translating Internet domain names into Internet Protocol (IP)addresses. A)HTML B)REST C)HTTP D)BIND

________ is a communication protocol for exchanging information on the Internet. A)HTML B)HTTP C)JSON D)BIND

________ is a set of style rules that tells a Web browser how to present a document. A)XSL B)HTML C)XML D)CSS

________ is a specification for separating style from content when generating XML pages. A)XML B)XSL C)CSS D)REST

________ means providing Internet content to a user based upon knowledge of that customer. A)Personalization B)Customization C)Visualization D)Reliability

________ refers to sites that allow a user to customize the content and look of a site based on his or her personal preferences. A)Personalization B)Customization C)Visualization D)Reliability

A(n)________ is a special type of software application for collecting,organizing,and publishing Web site content. A)XML B)XSL C)CSS D)CMS

To make sure Web sites contain the most accurate and up-to-date information,often from multiple sources,many organizations have turned to using a ________ management system. A)Client B)Web C)Content D)Database

SOAP is a relatively simple and fast protocol for communicating JSON data between Web service applications and the operating system.

REST is a protocol for communicating XML data between Web service applications and the operating system.

The vast majority of new systems development in organizations focuses on Internet based applications and the Internet can be used for delivering internal organizational systems,business-to-business systems,or business-to-consumer systems.

REST is a complex and slower alternative to SOAP,typically communicating over HTTP utilizing JSON for formatting information.

JSON is not an alternative to XML and is considered much more complex to transfer and process and much difficult for humans to understand.

Relative to SOAP and XML,REST and JSON are much simpler to understand,easier for machines to process and generate,and easier for humans to design and implement.

BIND provides the ability to locate information using common domain names that are translated into corresponding Internet Protocol (IP)addresses.

A site with low consistency is also much easier for users to navigate,and it is much easier for users to anticipate the meaning of links.

What is the difference between personalization and customization.Provide an example of each.

What are the four reasons why professional developers believe that links must live forever?