Quiz 2: Functions and Control Structures

A function definition contains the lines of code that make up a function.

Functions are placed within parentheses that follow a parameter name.

A function must contain a parameter.

Function arguments are the statements that do the actual work of the function and must be contained within the function braces.

A function executes automatically.

Like variables, function names are case sensitive.

A return statement is a statement that returns a value to the statement that called the function.

A function must return a value.

Variable scope refers to the location that a declared variable can be used.

If you attempt to use a local variable outside the function in which it is declared, you receive an error message.

The formal parameters within the parentheses of a function declaration are global variables.

Global variables are automatically available to all parts of your program, including functions.

In PHP, you must declare a global variable with the global keyword inside a function definition for the variable to be available within the scope of that function.

Using parentheses to enclose the conditional expression of an if statement is optional.

If a command block is missing either the opening or closing brace, an error occurs.

The else clause can only be used with an if statement.

When one decision-making statement is contained within another decision-making statement, they are referred to as multiple decision-making structures.

The switch statement controls program flow by executing a specific set of statements, depending on the value of an expression.

The default label contains statements that execute when the value returned by the switch statement expression does not match any case label.

To ensure that the while statement will eventually end, you must include code within the body of the while statement that changes the value of the conditional expression.

You can use the terminate statement to halt a looping statement and restart the loop with a new iteration.

The do...while statement executes a statement or statements once, then repeats the execution as long as a given conditional expression evaluates to TRUE.

The statements in a do...while statement always execute repeatedly before the conditional expression evaluates the count variable.

The for statement performs essentially the same function as the while statement.

One of the primary differences between the while statement and the for statement is that in addition to a conditional expression, the for statement can also include code that initializes a counter and changes its value with each iteration.

The for...while statement is used to iterate or loop through the elements in an array.

You will not receive an error if you attempt to use a foreach statement with any variable types other than arrays.

The primary use of the include and require statements is to reuse content on multiple web pages by allowing you to insert the content of an external file, called an include file, in your PHP scripts.

The include statement and the require statement perform the same function and can be used interchangeably.

Include statements support only absolute path notation.

When you use a variable in a PHP program, you must be aware of the variable's ____. A) placement B) scope C) function D) statement

A variable's scope can be either global or ____. A) local B) undeclared C) universal D) declared

What will be returned if you use a local variable outside the function in which it is declared? A) value B) error message C) function D) nothing

The parameters within the parentheses of a function declaration are what kind of variables? A) local B) global C) unknown D) declared

With many programming languages, global variables are automatically available to all parts of your program, including ____. A) statements B) definitions C) functions D) declarations

When you declare a global variable with the global keyword, you do not need to assign the variable a(n) ____. A) value B) definition C) function D) name

A command block is a group of statements within a set of opening and closing ____. A) brackets B) braces C) parentheses D) quotation marks

When one decision-making statement is contained within another decision-making statement it is referred to as a ____ decision-making structure. A) enclosed B) contained C) nested D) layered

Which of the following terms is not associated with the switch statement? A) switch title B) case label C) executable statements D) break keyword

A(n) ____ statement is a control structure that repeatedly executes a statement or series of statements while a specific condition is TRUE or until a specific condition becomes TRUE. A) repeat B) replicate C) loop D) circular

A ____ is a variable that increments or decrements with each iteration of a loop statement A) counter B) incrementer/decrementer C) iterator D) repetitor

If you do not include code that changes the value used the by the condition expression, your program will be caught in a ____ loop. A) continuous B) continuing C) constant D) infinite

A ____ statement is used to iterate or loop through the elements in an array. A) for B) while C) foreach D) if...else

The ____ statement halts the processing of the web page and displays an error if an include file cannot be found. A) include B) insert C) Insert-contents D) require

The ____ file is typically saved with a prefix of inc_. A) insert B) include C) nested D) increment

Groups of statements you can execute as a single unit are called ____________________.

____________________-control statements allow you to determine the order in which statements execute in a program.

The function ____________________ is the lines of code that make up a function

A formal ____________________ is a variable that is used within a function.

A function ____________________ executes a function

A ____________________ statement is a statement that returns a value to the statement that called the function.

Passing by ____________________ means that the actual variable is used within the function and any changes made to the variable by the function will remain after the function completes.

A ____________________ variable is declared outside a function and is available to all parts of the program.

A ____________________ variable is declared inside a function and is only available within the function in which it is declared.

You must use the ____________________ keyword to declare a global variable within the scope of a function.

The ____________________ statement is used to execute specific programming code if the evaluation of a conditional expression returns a value of true.

A(n) ____________________ block is a group of statements contained within a set of braces, similar to the way function statements are contained within a set of braces

An if statement that includes an else clause is called a(n) ____________________ statement.

When one decision-making statement is contained within another decision-making statement, they are called ____________________ decision-making structures.

____________________ are added to both the if and else portions of the if...else statement if a section contains more than one statement.

The ____________________ statement controls program flow using a case statement that executing a specific set of statements, depending on the value of an expression.

The switch statement compares the value of an expression to a value contained within a special statement called a ____________________.

A switch statement contains the following components: the keyword switch, an expression, an opening brace, a case label, the executable statements, the keyword ____________________, a default label, and a closing brace.

case $ExampleVar is an example of a ____________________ data type being used as a case label

case "Monday" is an example of a ____________________ data type being used as a case label.

case 42 is an example of a ____________________ data type being used as a case label.

case 125.78 is an example of a ____________________ data type being used as a case label.

The ____________________ label contains statements that execute when the value returned by the switch statement expression does not match a case label.

The final ____________________ statement after the final case or default statement is not required.

A(n) ____________________ statement is a control structure that repeatedly executes a statement or a series of statements while a specific condition is TRUE or until a specific condition becomes TRUE.

The ____________________ statement repeats a statement or series of statements as long as a given conditional expression evaluates to TRUE.

The conditional expression in the while statement is enclosed within ____________________ following the keyword while.

Each repetition of a looping statement is called a(n) ____________________.

A ____________________ statement keeps repeating until its conditional expression evaluates to FALSE.

A ____________________ is a variable that increments or decrements with each iteration of a loop statement.

In a(n) ____________________ loop, a loop statement never ends because its conditional expression is never FALSE.

The ____________________ loop executes a statement or statements once, then repeats the execution as long as a given conditional expression evaluates to TRUE.

The ____________________ statement is used for repeating a statement or series of statements as long as a given conditional expression evaluates to TRUE.

You must include a(n) ____________________ to separate each section in a for loop.

The ____________________ statement is used to iterate or loop through the elements in an array.

In a foreach statement, you use the $variable_name ____________________ to access the value of the element that is available in an iteration.

The ____________________ statement generates a warning if the include file cannot be found.

With the ____________________ statement the program assure that the file is added to the script only once and halts the processing of the web page and displays an error message if the include file cannot be found.