Question 1

When one engages in an activity because of its inherent satisfaction or enjoyment, one is exhibiting what kind of achievement motivation?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation refers to engaging in an activity for the inherent satisfaction or enjoyment it brings, rather than for external rewards or pressures.

Question 2

Compared to children with low self-esteem, children with high self-esteem are more likely to

Accepted Answer

Children with high self-esteem are more likely to be successful in school because they believe in themselves and have confidence in their abilities. They are more willing to take risks and try new things, leading to greater academic achievement.

Question 3

According to research, helplessness first appears in

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that helplessness can first appear in infancy. Infants who are repeatedly exposed to situations they cannot control may develop a sense of learned helplessness.

Question 4

The process of discovering what is personally worthwhile or desirable in life is known as _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of discovering what is personally...

Question 5

Most individuals come to respond to themselves in ways consistent with the way others have

Accepted Answer

Most individuals come to respond to themselves in ways consistent with how others have responded to them, reflecting the social and interpersonal feedback they receive.

Question 6

Equality of opportunity is an example of a _________ value.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Equality of opportunity is an example of...

Question 7

Compared to children with low expectations, children with high expectations for success

Accepted Answer

Children with high expectations for success tend to persist longer at a given task compared to those with low expectations. They tend to have a positive attitude towards success and are more motivated to achieve their goals.

Question 8

Qualities or beliefs that are viewed as desirable or important are termed _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Qualities or beliefs that are viewed as...

Question 9

The realization that one's actions cause outcomes is called

Accepted Answer

Personal agency refers to the ability to take intentional actions that have an effect on one's surroundings or environment. This involves a sense of control over one's life and the consequences of one's actions. It is an important aspect of personal development and psychological well-being. Individualism and collectivism refer more to cultural values and social norms, while self-esteem is a personal evaluation of one's own worth and value.

Question 10

Adrienne believes that she is good in math because she does all of the homework and studies hard for all of the tests. Adrienne most likely has

Accepted Answer

Adrienne's belief that her success in math is due to her hard work and effort demonstrates an internal locus of control. This means she believes that she is in control of her outcomes and can influence them through her own actions, rather than attributing them to external factors beyond her control.

Question 11

Achievement motivation is linked to

Accepted Answer

Achievement motivation is indeed linked to both actual achievement behavior and locus of control. It influences how individuals approach goals and challenges, and their belief in whether they have control over the outcomes of their actions.

Question 12

According to Cain & Dweck (1995), children who are not persistent on a task describe their parents as

Accepted Answer

Cain & Dweck (1995) found that children who are not persistent on tasks often describe their parents as both critical and punitive. This reflects the impact of parental attitudes and behaviors on children's approach to challenges and their persistence in facing difficulties.

Question 13

When one attributes responsibility inside the self, locus of control is considered

Accepted Answer

Locus of control refers to the extent to which individuals believe they have control over their lives. When someone attributes responsibility to themselves, they have an internal locus of control. This means they see themselves as being in charge of their own fate rather than relying on external factors or chance.

Question 14

Endomorphy is characterized by _________ whereas ectomorphy is characterized by _________.

Accepted Answer

Endomorphy is characterized by a round and soft body type with high fat accumulation whereas ectomorphy is characterized by a lean and linear body type with low fat and muscle mass. Therefore, the best choice is B, which states that endomorphy is characterized by short and heavy while ectomorphy is characterized by tall and lean.

Question 15

Attending a school where the majority of children are of a different socioeconomic status is found to affect children's self esteem in which direction?

Accepted Answer

Research shows that attending a school where the majority of children are of a different socioeconomic status can lead to lower self-esteem in children due to feelings of social and economic inferiority.

Question 16

Which of the following is not one of Coopersmith's four criteria upon which self-esteem develops?

Accepted Answer

Coopermith's four criteria upon which self-esteem develops are significance, competence, virtue, and power/control. Wealth is not included in this list.

Question 17

Which of the following is characteristic of competent children?

Accepted Answer

All of the choices listed are characteristics of competent children. Using adults as a resource when necessary indicates good problem-solving skills and the ability to seek help when needed. Anticipating consequences shows good judgment and decision-making abilities. Planning and carrying out complicated activities that are age-appropriate demonstrates a level of competence in various areas of development. Therefore, option D is the correct answer.

Question 18

Nick frequently shows affection to his children, takes an interest in their affairs, and makes a point to become acquainted with their friends. We would expect Nick's children to develop what kind of self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

Nick's behavior indicates that he is providing his children with a supportive and loving home environment, which is likely to boost their self-esteem. By showing affection, taking an interest in their affairs, and getting to know their friends, he is demonstrating that he values and cares about his children. This is likely to help them feel secure, confident, and proud of themselves, leading to high self-esteem.

Question 19

Self-efficacy is assessed in terms of

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy can be assessed in terms of level (how confident a person feels in their ability), generality (whether the confidence is specific to a certain task or has a broader scope), and strength across activities and contexts (how consistent the confidence is across different situations). Therefore, all the answer choices are correct.

Question 20

Mrs. Martinez is interested in fostering a sense of self-efficacy in her children. Which of the following is a strategy she should try?

Accepted Answer

Providing instruction in specific learning strategies, such as highlighting their homework, can help children develop the skills and knowledge they need to complete tasks successfully, increasing their sense of self-efficacy. Taking away positive role models and stopping encouragement have the opposite effect, and focusing only on long-term goals may be overwhelming and discouraging.

Quiz 11: Emotional and Cognitive Socialization Outcomes