Question 1

Robert Bales' work with the interaction analysis technique resulted in principles) of successful groups. Which of the following is true?
A)They have someone in the group to focus the group on the task and someone who focuses on maintaining productive relationships
B)They have a leader who has both the skills to solve the problem and good working relationships with the group members
C)Group members have sufficient training to complete the task and they have the autonomy to carry it out
D)They have sufficient supervision to assist them in the task and the task has clear objectives for success
E)Both b and c.

Accepted Answer

Bales' interaction analysis technique identified two essential roles in successful groups: task-focused and relationship-focused. The task-focused individual keeps the group on track to achieve the goals, while the relationship-focused individual helps maintain positive and productive relationships within the group. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. The other options mention important components of successful groups, but they are not the principles resulting from Bales' research.

Question 2

Max Weber's bureaucratic principles included which of the following.
A)A well-defined hierarchy of authority.
B)Management sets the objectives and the workers cooperate in achieving them.
C)Time and motion studies.
D)Plan, organize, command.
E)Unity of command.

Accepted Answer

Max Weber's bureaucratic principles included a well-defined hierarchy of authority, where each level has control and accountability over the levels below it. This was meant to bring order and consistency to organizations. The other options listed are management principles from other theorists such as Taylor and Fayol.

Question 3

The definition of exception principle
A)states that individuals should only receive orders from one person.
B)concerns line and staff, in which authority and responsibility should flow in a direct path from the top people in the organization to the lowest member.
C)states that decisions that can be routinized should be delegated.
D)states that managers should supervise a limited number of individuals.
E)states that as workers become better at their jobs, they can move up the organization ladder to management positions.

Accepted Answer

The exception principle states that decisions that can be routinized should be delegated. This means that managers should only handle exceptions or unusual situations, while routine decisions can be delegated to lower-level employees. Option A is incorrect as the principle does not restrict individuals to receiving orders from one person. Option B concerns the chain of command, which is related but not the same as the exception principle. Option D is incorrect as it does not address decision-making. Option E refers to career progression, which is also unrelated to the exception principle.

Question 4

The knowledge base, theory and methods of inquiry for organizational behavior OB) are rooted in
A)Cultural anthropology.
B)Sociology.
C)Economics.
D)Natural sciences.
E)A, b, and c are correct.

Accepted Answer

The knowledge base, theory, and methods of inquiry for organizational behavior (OB) are indeed rooted in multiple disciplines, including cultural anthropology (which studies cultures and their impact on human behaviors and social structures), sociology (which examines the development, structure, and functioning of human society), and economics (which considers the allocation of resources and decision-making processes). These diverse fields contribute to the comprehensive understanding of organizational behavior by providing various perspectives and methodologies for analyzing human behavior within organizational contexts.

Question 5

In your own words, define Organizational Behavior OB). Include in your answer the purpose of OB.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In your own words, define Organizational Behavior...

Question 6

Two ideas that are primary to the organizational theory movement and that were prominent in the work of Chester Barnard were
A)coordinating and communicating.
B)decision making and organizational climate.
C)scalar principle and democratic supervision.
D)formal structures and informal structures.
E)conflict management and change.

Accepted Answer

Chester Barnard emphasized the importance of both formal and informal structures within organizations. He believed that formal structures provide the official channels of communication and authority, while informal structures arise naturally among employees and can significantly influence an organization's effectiveness.

Question 7

Trace the beginnings of organizational behavior theory though the contributions of Frederick Taylor, Henri Fayol, and Max Weber. You don't need to list all of the principles established by each of these individuals; however, you should list one or two principles while providing a summary of their general contribution to the field. In your response, include a description how the application of their principles might impact organizational behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Trace the beginnings of organizational behavior theory...

Question 8

Describe a main purpose of Jacob Moreno's technique of sociometric analysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe a main purpose of Jacob Moreno's...

Question 9

The main differences) between Scientific Management or Taylorism and Classical Organization Theory was that Classical Theory focused on__________, whereas Scientific Management focused mainly on ______________.
A)the whole organization; the individual worker
B)management rights; worker rights
C)the exception principle; breaking jobs down into small steps
D)bureaucratic principles; the scalar principle
E)a, b, and d are correct.

Accepted Answer

Classical Organization Theory focused on the whole organization, including its structure and functions, whereas Scientific Management mainly focused on the individual worker and how to increase their efficiency and productivity. Classical Theory looked at the organization as a whole and sought to establish principles that could be applied universally, while Scientific Management focused on breaking down tasks into smaller, more manageable parts to improve efficiency. The other options either do not accurately describe the differences between these two theories or are not relevant to the question.

Question 10

The father of Scientific Management was
A) Max Weber.
B) Henri Fayol.
C) Frederick Taylor.
D) Ellwood Cubberley.
E) Frank Gilbreth.

Accepted Answer

The father of Scientific Management was Frederick Taylor, who developed the principles of scientific management in the late 19th century. Max Weber is known for his work on bureaucracy, Henri Fayol for his development of the five functions of management, Ellwood Cubberley for his contributions to educational administration, and Frank Gilbreth for his work on time and motion studies in management.

Question 11

Select the main differences) in the contributions of Henri Fayol when compared to Frederick Taylor.
A)Fayol focused primarily on management's responsibilities, whereas Taylor focused on the workers.
B)Fayol emphasized flexibility in applying principles of management, rather than strict application of principles.
C)Fayol suggested that management should establish strict methods for selecting workers and training them for specific jobs.
D)Fayol suggested that management should attempt to establish positive morale in the organization.
E)A, b, and d are correct.

Accepted Answer

Fayol focused on management's responsibilities, emphasized flexibility in applying principles of management, suggested strict methods for selecting and training workers, and also suggested establishing positive morale in the organization. Taylor, on the other hand, focused on improving worker productivity through strict scientific methods and reducing inefficiencies in the work process. Therefore, options A, B, C, and D are incorrect, and only option E includes correct statements about the contributions of both Fayol and Taylor.

Question 12

Two concepts that came out of the Western Electric Studies that influenced the Human Relations movement were
A)coordinating and communicating.
B)motivation and group dynamics.
C)scalar principle and democratic supervision.
D)personnel relations and autonomy.
E)sociometry and coordinating.

Accepted Answer

The Western Electric Studies uncovered the importance of motivation and group dynamics in the workplace, which directly influenced the Human Relations movement.

Question 13

Two of the pioneers of the concept of group decision making that has become a central concept in OB are
A)Kurt Lewin and Margaret Mead.
B)Woodrow Wilson and Margaret Mead
C)Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford.
D)Woodrow Wilson and Kurt Lewin.
E)Henri Fayol and Frederick Taylor.

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin is widely recognized for his contributions to social, organizational, and applied psychology, particularly in the areas of leadership, group dynamics, and organizational development, which are central to the concept of group decision making in organizational behavior (OB). Margaret Mead, although primarily an anthropologist, made significant contributions to understanding how cultures influence personality and social dynamics, which indirectly relate to group decision-making processes.

Question 14

Former U.S. President Woodrow Wilson's historical contribution to organizational behavior was his
A)contributions to the concept of group decision making
B)famous essay that called for the study and professionalization of administration
C)establishment of a center to study scientific management
D)support for university preparation in administration
E)Both b and d.

Accepted Answer

Woodrow Wilson's famous essay, "The Study of Administration," called for the study and professionalization of administration. This academic work served as a foundation for the development of organizational behavior as a field of study. Wilson emphasized the importance of efficiency, effectiveness, and consistency in the management of organizations, paving the way for future research in these areas. While Wilson did support university preparation in administration, his historical contribution to organizational behavior is primarily based on his call for the study and professionalization of administration in his essay.

Question 15

The scholarly work of Mary Parker Follett helped usher in the human relations movement when scientific management was the predominant organizational theory of the day. She is best known for developing four principles of sound administration based on "coordination". Describe or illustrate two of these principles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The scholarly work of Mary Parker Follett...

Question 16

The definition of scalar principle
A)states that individuals should only receive orders from one person.
B)concerns line and staff, in which authority and responsibility should flow in a direct path from the top people in the organization to the lowest member.
C)states that decisions that can be routinized should be delegated.
D)states that managers should supervise a limited number of individuals.
E)states that as workers become better at their jobs, they can move up the organization ladder to management positions.

Accepted Answer

Scalar principle is also known as the principle of scalar chain. It suggests that there should be a clear line of authority and responsibility in an organization. The authority should flow from the topmost position to the lowest levels. This means that every employee should know who their superior is, and who they report to. This principle helps in avoiding confusion and ensuring that the communication channels are clear. Option B best describes the scalar principle, as it talks about the direct flow of authority and responsibility from the top to the bottom of the organization.

Quiz 3: Mainstreams of Organizational Thought

Robert Bales' work with the interaction analysis technique resulted in principles) of successful groups. Which of the following is true?

Max Weber's bureaucratic principles included which of the following.

The definition of exception principle

The knowledge base, theory and methods of inquiry for organizational behavior OB) are rooted in

In your own words, define Organizational Behavior OB). Include in your answer the purpose of OB.

Two ideas that are primary to the organizational theory movement and that were prominent in the work of Chester Barnard were

Describe a main purpose of Jacob Moreno's technique of sociometric analysis.

The main differences) between Scientific Management or Taylorism and Classical Organization Theory was that Classical Theory focused on, whereas Scientific Management focused mainly on ____.

The father of Scientific Management was

Select the main differences) in the contributions of Henri Fayol when compared to Frederick Taylor.

Two concepts that came out of the Western Electric Studies that influenced the Human Relations movement were

Two of the pioneers of the concept of group decision making that has become a central concept in OB are

Former U.S. President Woodrow Wilson's historical contribution to organizational behavior was his

The definition of scalar principle