Question 1

After eating a bag of potato chips,Meade throws the bag on the sidewalk.Which of the following types of norms has Meade violated?

Accepted Answer

Meade has violated injunctive norms, which are social norms that prescribe what people should do, like throwing garbage in the trash can instead of on the sidewalk.

Question 2

How is the actor-observer effect like the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Both the actor-observer effect and the fundamental attribution error suggest that we tend to use dispositional (personal) attributions to explain the behavior of other people. The actor-observer effect specifically refers to the tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational factors while attributing others' behavior to dispositional factors, while the fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to overemphasize dispositional factors when explaining others' behavior.

Question 3

Which of the following is the best example of the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Option B is the best example of fundamental attribution error because Shoma is attributing his roommate's failure to lack of effort or laziness, without considering external factors that might have caused it. This is a classic example of underestimating the impact of situational factors and overestimating the impact of dispositional factors.

Question 4

Holly lost her homework,which was a rare occurrence.While speaking to her professor about the situation,another student in the class mentioned that he had lost his homework as well.Holly concluded that the other student had NOT really lost his homework-he was using the excuse because he had NOT done his homework at all.What attribution process is illustrated by this example?

Accepted Answer

The actor-observer effect is illustrated in this example, where Holly attributes her own homework loss to external circumstances (a rare occurrence), but attributes the other student's loss to internal characteristics or dispositions (not having done the homework).

Question 5

According to the actor-observer effect,what do you predict would happen if you were shown a video of yourself parking your car compared to if you were actually parking the car?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the actor-observer effect,what do you...

Question 6

Which of the following individuals is showing the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Darian is demonstrating the fundamental attribution error by attributing the cause of the waiter spilling her drink to his personal characteristics (clumsiness) rather than considering external factors, such as a slippery floor or a crowded environment. The other answer choices do not demonstrate the fundamental attribution error.

Question 7

Aidan aced a test and is making a dispositional attribution.Which of the following could he be saying about the test?

Accepted Answer

A dispositional attribution involves giving credit or blame to internal factors such as abilities, personality traits or effort. In this case, Aidan is taking credit for his success and attributing it to his own exceptional brilliance which is a dispositional attribution.

Answer: B, C, D
 These options are examples of situational attributions in which the cause of one's success is attributed to external factors such as the test being easy, being told what to study or having insider information about the questions on the test.

Question 8

When Avery failed the bar exam,he claimed that it was because he was sick that day.When he passed the second time,he claimed it was because he just has a knack for the law and really understands details in contracts and policies.What is the best reason for how Avery explains his attempts at the bar exam?

Accepted Answer

Avery is consistently attributing his success or failure to external factors such as sickness or inherent talent, rather than accepting responsibility for his own actions. This is an example of the self-serving bias, where individuals tend to take credit for their successes but blame external factors for their failures.

Question 9

What is the difference between a situational and a dispositional attribution?

Accepted Answer

A situational attribution looks for an external cause outside the individual, such as the environment or circumstances, to explain a behavior, while a dispositional attribution looks for an internal cause within the individual, such as personality or character traits.

Question 10

Amelia is driving behind someone who is unbelievably slow.In fact,they're consistently driving 20 km under the speed limit,and there is no way to pass.Amelia starts to get frustrated and thinks that this person must be an idiot.She finally gets to her destination and once there discovers that,as a surprise,her friend got her a goldfish in a bowl.Preparing to go home,Amelia puts the fish on the passenger seat for her return trip,but she is very careful to drive extra slowly so she doesn't spill the water.She notices some idiot tail gating her,and she gets frustrated,thinking about how she can't speed and risk spilling the water.Which of the following terms best describes Amelia's two driving situations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amelia is driving behind someone who is...

Question 11

When we explain our successes,we tend to use a(n)___ attribution,but when we explain our failures,we tend to use a(n)___ attribution.

Accepted Answer

This pattern is known as the self-serving bias, where individuals attribute their successes to internal or dispositional factors (like their own abilities or effort), and their failures to external or situational factors (like luck or the difficulty of the task).

Question 12

Dr.Pamukl is a brilliant lecturer who strongly prefers spending time alone reading to being in the company of other people.Despite being so introverted,however,she is very outgoing while lecturing in front of her class.In fact,she is so outgoing during her lectures that her students have concluded that she is an extrovert.What error have they committed when they label her an extrovert?

Accepted Answer

The students have committed the fundamental attribution error, as they have attributed Dr. Pamuk's behavior during lectures to her overall personality rather than considering the situational factors (such as the context and role of being a lecturer) that may be influencing her behavior.

Question 13

Aldiyar's friend tells him that he recently backed his car into another vehicle.Aldiyar thinks his friend is very careless.Which of the following is demonstrated by this example?

Accepted Answer

The example demonstrates the fundamental attribution error, which refers to the tendency to overemphasize dispositional (personal) explanations for others' behavior, while underemphasizing situational factors. In this case, Aldiyar is attributing his friend's behavior (backing his car into another vehicle) to a dispositional factor (carelessness), rather than considering the possibility that situational factors (such as poor visibility or an unexpected obstacle) may have played a role.

Question 14

What is the difference between the fundamental attribution error and the self-serving bias?

Accepted Answer

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to attribute other people's behavior to dispositional factors (e.g., personality, character) rather than situational factors (e.g., context, circumstances). In contrast, the self-serving bias is the tendency to attribute our own behavior to dispositional factors (e.g., abilities, efforts) when it leads to positive outcomes but to situational factors (e.g., luck, others' actions) when it leads to negative outcomes. Therefore, A is the best choice because it correctly describes the difference between the two concepts.

Question 15

Rosalie scored very well on her first test.She told others that her success was due to her hard study efforts.When she failed the next test,she attributed it to the test being too difficult.What form of attribution bias does this describe?

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes the self-serving bias, as Rosalie attributes her success to internal factors (her study efforts) but attributes her failure to external factors (the difficulty of the test). This allows her to take credit for her success but avoid blaming herself for her failure.

Question 16

Kyrlo stays after class to talk to his prof and finds that she is very abrupt with him.He assumes that she is unapproachable,and doesn't bother trying to talk to her again.This is unfortunate,because the reason his prof was abrupt that one time was because she really had to use the washroom after a long class and didn't feel comfortable saying that to Kyrlo.What is the best reason for Kyrlo's explanation of his prof's behaviour?

Accepted Answer

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to attribute others' behaviors to their dispositional qualities rather than considering situational factors. In this case, Kyrlo assumed that his professor's abruptness was due to her being unapproachable, rather than considering the possibility of a situational factor (i.e., needing to use the washroom).

Question 17

Which of the following individuals is showing the self-serving bias?

Accepted Answer

Rupan is showing self-serving bias by attributing her success (avoiding the deer) to her own abilities (fast reflexes) and her failure (going off the road) to external factors (the sun).

Question 18

According to the self-serving bias,we are likely to make ___ attributions for our own successes and ___ attributions for our failures.

Accepted Answer

The self-serving bias is a common human tendency to attribute our own successes to internal or personal factors (such as ability or effort), while attributing failures to external factors (such as luck or the difficulty of the task).

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the attributions we make about other people's actions?

Accepted Answer

The more we know about people's situations, the less likely we are to make dispositional attributions, as we understand the external factors influencing their behavior.

Question 20

The actor-observer effect states that ___.

Accepted Answer

The actor-observer effect states that when people switch from actor to observer, or vice versa, their attributions also tend to switch. Therefore, option D is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect because it refers to an internal attribution made by actors. Option B is incorrect because it refers to a holistic approach to the observation of people's behavior, while the actor-observer effect refers to the attributional process. Option C is incorrect because it refers to a bias that makes actors favor internal over external attributions, but it is not mentioned in the actor-observer effect.

Quiz 13: social Psychology

After eating a bag of potato chips,Meade throws the bag on the sidewalk.Which of the following types of norms has Meade violated?

How is the actor-observer effect like the fundamental attribution error?

Which of the following is the best example of the fundamental attribution error?

According to the actor-observer effect,what do you predict would happen if you were shown a video of yourself parking your car compared to if you were actually parking the car?

Which of the following individuals is showing the fundamental attribution error?

Aidan aced a test and is making a dispositional attribution.Which of the following could he be saying about the test?

What is the difference between a situational and a dispositional attribution?

When we explain our successes,we tend to use a(n) _ attribution,but when we explain our failures,we tend to use a(n) _ attribution.

Aldiyar's friend tells him that he recently backed his car into another vehicle.Aldiyar thinks his friend is very careless.Which of the following is demonstrated by this example?

What is the difference between the fundamental attribution error and the self-serving bias?

Rosalie scored very well on her first test.She told others that her success was due to her hard study efforts.When she failed the next test,she attributed it to the test being too difficult.What form of attribution bias does this describe?

Which of the following individuals is showing the self-serving bias?

According to the self-serving bias,we are likely to make _ attributions for our own successes and _ attributions for our failures.

Which of the following is true about the attributions we make about other people's actions?

The actor-observer effect states that ___.

Quiz 13: social Psychology

After eating a bag of potato chips,Meade throws the bag on the sidewalk.Which of the following types of norms has Meade violated?

How is the actor-observer effect like the fundamental attribution error?

Which of the following is the best example of the fundamental attribution error?

According to the actor-observer effect,what do you predict would happen if you were shown a video of yourself parking your car compared to if you were actually parking the car?

Which of the following individuals is showing the fundamental attribution error?

Aidan aced a test and is making a dispositional attribution.Which of the following could he be saying about the test?

What is the difference between a situational and a dispositional attribution?

When we explain our successes,we tend to use a(n) ___ attribution,but when we explain our failures,we tend to use a(n) ___ attribution.

Aldiyar's friend tells him that he recently backed his car into another vehicle.Aldiyar thinks his friend is very careless.Which of the following is demonstrated by this example?

What is the difference between the fundamental attribution error and the self-serving bias?

Rosalie scored very well on her first test.She told others that her success was due to her hard study efforts.When she failed the next test,she attributed it to the test being too difficult.What form of attribution bias does this describe?

Which of the following individuals is showing the self-serving bias?

According to the self-serving bias,we are likely to make ___ attributions for our own successes and ___ attributions for our failures.

Which of the following is true about the attributions we make about other people's actions?

The actor-observer effect states that ___.

When we explain our successes,we tend to use a(n) _ attribution,but when we explain our failures,we tend to use a(n) _ attribution.

According to the self-serving bias,we are likely to make _ attributions for our own successes and _ attributions for our failures.