Question 1

When Harlow encounters even the smallest of stressors,she becomes extremely anxious and upset.She believes that negative events in her life occur because she is destined to experience bad luck.Which of Eyesenck's superfactors would encompass Harlow's traits?

Accepted Answer

Neuroticism is one of Eyesenck's superfactors that encompasses traits such as anxiety, emotional instability, and a tendency to experience negative emotions. Harlow's extreme anxiety and belief in bad luck suggest that she has high levels of neuroticism. Extraversion refers to outgoing and social traits, psychoticism relates to traits such as aggression and impulsivity, and openness involves traits such as creativity and imagination, which are not relevant to the description of Harlow's personality.

Question 2

Angelica is a very talented artist,however,her art studio it is so messy and disorganized,it is difficult to understand how she can find anything.According to the five-factor model,Angelica would probably score ___,and ___.

Accepted Answer

According to the five-factor model, openness is related to creativity and imagination, while conscientiousness is related to organization and responsibility. Angelica's messy and disorganized art studio indicates low conscientiousness, while her talent as an artist suggests high openness. She may or may not score high on extraversion or another trait, but the best choice based on the given information is C.

Question 3

Personal characteristics that affect a broad range of an individual's behaviour are called

Accepted Answer

Central traits are the most dominant and influential personal characteristics that affect an individual's behaviour across different situations and contexts. They are considered fundamental to a person's personality and can shape their attitudes, values, and actions in a consistent and stable manner. Essential traits, superfactors, and central tendencies are not well-established concepts in personality psychology.

Question 4

Ayah described by others as an independent thinker,one who is curious and seeks answers to her own questions.She is also very creative and imaginative in her problem solving.Which of the five factors would Ayah score high on?

Accepted Answer

Ayah's description matches the traits associated with high openness, such as curiosity, imagination, and independent thinking. The other factors (conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism) are less related to these specific characteristics.

Question 5

Naomi is very organized with her work and home life,and she is extremely punctual.Which of the five factors of personality would she score high on?

Accepted Answer

Naomi's traits of being organized and punctual align with the factor of conscientiousness, which includes traits such as being responsible, dependable, and goal-oriented.

Question 6

Beatrice is adopted and is wondering whether her personality is the way it is because she inherited those traits or because she learned them from her adoptive parents.Which bit of evidence supports the idea that she inherited her personality?

Accepted Answer

C) This choice supports the idea that genetics play a significant role in personality because identical twins (who share the same genetics) raised apart (in different environments) are still more similar in personality than fraternal twins (who share less genetic similarity) raised together (in the same environment). This suggests that the similarity in personality is due to inherited traits rather than environmental factors.

Question 7

Factor analysis is

Accepted Answer

Factor analysis is a statistical method used to analyze correlations between variables, particularly to identify underlying factors that may explain the correlations. It is commonly used in psychology and social sciences to explore the relationships between different traits or behaviors.

Question 8

Which of the following does NOT demonstrate one of Eysenck's contributions to personality theory?

Accepted Answer

Eysenck's theory emphasizes the biological basis of personality, including genetic factors, which would suggest that identical twins like Bettina and Charlene would have similar personalities, even if raised apart. The scenario where they develop very different personalities does not align with his theory's emphasis on heritability and biological factors.

Question 9

Eysenck's trait of impulsivity is related to which superfactor?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Eysenck's trait of impulsivity is related to...

Question 10

Beau's friends describe him as impulsive and assertive.Which of Eysenck's superfactors does he most likely possess?

Accepted Answer

Impulsivity and assertiveness are both traits associated with high levels of extraversion in Eysenck's model.

Question 11

Gordon Allport believed all the following EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

Gordon Allport emphasized the importance of current functioning and the uniqueness of individuals. He did not believe that society's rules were necessary to prevent unhealthy or disorganized behavior, which is more aligned with the perspectives of social structure or psychoanalytic theories, not Allport's individual-focused approach.

Question 12

Nadalia is a quiet employee who is always punctual and seldom argues,even if she feels others are wrong.She often thinks deeply on topics such as social justice and world politics.Which of Eysenck's superfactors would Nadalia's traits fall under?

Accepted Answer

Nadalia's traits of being quiet and deeply thoughtful align with Eysenck's extraversion superfactor, which includes traits like sociability, liveliness, and assertiveness. Her quietness and introspection suggest lower levels of extraversion.

Question 13

Caden's friends often talk to him about their problems.They find that he always remains calm in an emergency,and seems to have his own life very much in order.Which attribute of the five-factor model would best describe Caden?

Accepted Answer

Caden's ability to remain calm in an emergency and maintain order in his own life suggests that he is low on neuroticism, which is characterized by anxiety, moodiness, and emotional instability. Caden's friends also find him to be a good listener and supportive, which could suggest a moderate level of agreeableness, but it is not the best fit for his ability to remain calm in emergencies. Thus, D is the best choice.

Question 14

Which of the following corresponds to the five-factor theory of personality?

Accepted Answer

The five-factor theory of personality is also known as the Big Five personality traits, which include neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness. Choice A includes sociability and psychoticism, which are not part of the five factors. Choice B includes practicality and punctuality, which are not considered personality traits in the same way as the Big Five. Choice D includes emotionality and impulsivity, which are not specific factors in the Big Five theory.

Question 15

Jacques was often described as a person who often made those around him feel uncomfortable.On which attribute of the five-factor model would he most likely obtain a particularly low score?

Accepted Answer

Agreedableness refers to one's tendency to be cooperative and friendly. Based on the description of Jacques, it is likely that he would obtain a low score on this attribute.

Question 16

Eysenck's three superfactors are

Accepted Answer

Eysenck's three superfactors are psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism.

Question 17

Zaid is described by others as a very calm guy.He NEVER seems to get emotional,no matter what the situation,and he is always secure in his own skin.Which of the five factors of personality would Zaid score low on?

Accepted Answer

Zaid's lack of emotional reactivity indicates that he would score low on neuroticism, which is the factor associated with emotional stability and reactivity.

Question 18

What would you predict about the level of conscientiousness that someone would show across similar situations and different situations?

Accepted Answer

Personality traits like conscientiousness tend to be relatively stable across time and situations. However, the expression of these traits can vary depending on the context. In similar situations, a person's level of conscientiousness is likely to be consistent. In contrast, different situations might elicit different levels of conscientiousness due to varying demands or expectations.

Question 19

Gloria is extremely agreeable when it comes to letting her friends choose their vacation destination.Based on this,what can we predict about how agreeable she is about having her friends borrow her things and allowing her friends to choose the restaurant?

Accepted Answer

We can predict that Gloria is likely to allow her friends to choose the restaurant based on her agreeable nature. However, there is no indication that her agreeableness extends to lending her personal belongings. Therefore, we cannot make a prediction about whether she is likely to allow her friends to borrow her things.

Question 20

Suppose you know someone's conscientiousness score.If you tested them in a comparable situation,they should show ___ levels of conscientiousness; if you tested them in a different situation,they should show ___ levels of conscientiousness.

Accepted Answer

Personality traits like conscientiousness are expected to be relatively stable over time in similar situations, showing similar levels of conscientiousness. However, in different situations, the expression of these traits can vary, leading to different levels of observed conscientiousness.

Quiz 12: Personality