Question 1

According to James,how does an emotion begin?

Accepted Answer

James believed that emotions begin with the perception of an event. This perception then leads to the mental experience of the emotion, followed by the elicitation of physiological and behavioral changes.

Question 2

What is the biggest problem with using lie detector tests?

Accepted Answer

Lie detector tests, such as polygraphs, measure physiological responses (like heart rate, blood pressure, and perspiration) that are believed to change when a person is lying. However, these responses can also be triggered by anxiety, nervousness, or other emotions unrelated to lying, making the tests unreliable for detecting lies specifically.

Question 3

Sanjana has been asked to give a speech at her best friend's wedding.As the day draws closer,she finds that she CANNOT stop thinking about the speech,feels sick to her stomach,and constantly imagines herself forgetting what to say or falling as she walks to the podium.Based on her emotional state,which action would Sanjana be most likely to take?

Accepted Answer

Sanjana's symptoms suggest she is experiencing significant anxiety about giving the speech, which might lead her to avoid the situation altogether by asking the bride to find someone else to give the speech.

Question 4

What action tendency evokes forgiveness and adherence to social norms?

Accepted Answer

Embarrassment tends to lead to some form of apology or reparative behavior, which can help to restore adherence to social norms and facilitate forgiveness. Anger, anxiety, and sadness may all have different effects on behavior, but they are less strongly associated with forgiveness and adherence to social norms than embarrassment.

Question 5

Which of the following emotions directs people to seek support and assistance from others?

Accepted Answer

Sadness is the emotion that directs people to seek support and assistance from others, as it is often associated with feelings of vulnerability and a need for comfort or help. Anger may lead to seeking support, but it is more commonly associated with aggression or distancing oneself from others. Embarrassment may lead to seeking reassurance or validation, but it is not typically associated with seeking practical assistance. Anxiety may lead to seeking support, but it is often focused on managing or reducing one's own internal distress rather than seeking external assistance.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive function of emotion?

Accepted Answer

Improving language acquisition is not a cognitive function of emotion. The other options - organizing memory, prioritizing needs and goals, and guiding decision making - are cognitive functions of emotion.

Question 7

Piao hid behind a one-way mirror and observed the children interacting in a playroom.By carefully recording what he saw,which approach is being used to document the children's emotional experience?

Accepted Answer

The approach being used to document the children's emotional experience is behavioural displays, as Piao is recording observations of their actions and interactions in the playroom. Self-report involves asking individuals to describe their own emotional experiences, associative learning focuses on the associations between stimuli and responses, and physiological reactions involve measuring physiological indicators of emotions like heart rate or brain activity.

Question 8

Joud thought about her new puppy,Max,and had warm,fuzzy,pleasant thoughts about him.If her heart rate were assessed,what pattern would be observed for this pleasant stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Pleasant stimuli typically result in an increase in heart rate, known as an accelerated pattern.

Question 9

Tarun worked in a psychology lab that studied emotional arousal via skin conductance.Given the discussion in the text,where would a large electrode be placed to measure perspiration levels and skin conductance?

Accepted Answer

The palm of the hand is the best choice for measuring perspiration levels and skin conductance as it has a high concentration of sweat glands and is an area that is easily accessible for measurement.

Question 10

What involuntary startle reflex was described in the text as a reliable measure of how adults emotionally react to life situations?

Accepted Answer

The eye blink reflex is described as a reliable measure of how adults emotionally react to life situations because it is an involuntary startle response that can indicate emotional sensitivity or reactivity.

Question 11

Wesley is having his facial EMG measured while he views different scenes.Which of the following is most likely to be found?

Accepted Answer

Facial EMG measures electrical activity generated by facial muscles. The frowning muscles, such as the corrugator supercilii, are typically activated during negative emotions such as disgust or anger, which would be associated with viewing extremely unpleasant stimuli.

Question 12

Theo found that he easily remembered the details of the terrorist attacks of 9/11 because of the emotions he felt watching the devastation of New York.What function of emotions is being illustrated here?

Accepted Answer

The function of emotions being illustrated here is organizing memories. Theo's emotions helped him remember the details of the 9/11 attacks more easily.

Question 13

Marcia is undergoing an fMRI to determine if she is lying about her role in a bank robbery.How might the fMRI evidence by used?

Accepted Answer

While fMRI can show patterns of brain activity associated with lying, these patterns are not necessarily unique to lying and may be influenced by other factors, such as anxiety or self-control. Therefore, fMRI cannot definitively determine if someone is lying.

Question 14

What physiological measurement technique measures muscle contractions in areas of the face when emotionally charged stimuli are encountered?

Accepted Answer

The physiological measurement technique that measures muscle contractions in areas of the face when emotionally charged stimuli are encountered is facial electromyography (EMG). This technique can be used to measure the activity of specific muscles, such as those involved in smiling or frowning, and is often used in studies on emotions and facial expressions. Facial EEG measures electrical activity in the brain, facial PET measures brain activity using positron emission tomography, and facial MRI is a type of imaging that can be used to visualize structures in the face but does not measure muscle activity.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT used to measure physiological reactions of emotion?

Accepted Answer

EEG measures brain activity and is not directly related to physiological reactions of emotion. Facial EMG, startle reflex, and skin conductance are all commonly used to measure physiological reactions to emotion.

Question 16

What patterns of behaviour help us to adapt and survive in our social and physical environments?

Accepted Answer

Action tendencies refer to ways in which we are predisposed to act in certain situations or environments in order to adapt and survive. These behaviours are often learned and can be considered patterns that help us navigate our social and physical surroundings. Social arbitration and emotional profusion are not commonly recognized terms in the field of psychology, and behavioural reflexes are a more general term that may not specifically relate to adaptation and survival.

Question 17

Bentley is viewing scenes while the magnitude of his eye blinks are being measured.While Bentley was viewing one scene,his startle reflex (as measured by his eye blink)was very large.What type of scene was Bentley most likely viewing?

Accepted Answer

A large startle reflex (measured by an eye blink) indicates that Bentley was viewing something emotionally unpleasant or potentially threatening.

Question 18

Wilhemina just experienced an intense emotional reaction when her boyfriend of 2 years broke up with her.If she is like 90% of people who have had recent emotional experiences,what is she most likely to do?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that most people who have recently experienced an intense emotional event are likely to discuss it with someone else. This can help them process their emotions and gain perspective on the situation. Secluding oneself or bottling up emotions can lead to more negative outcomes in the long run. Using the experience as a learning tool is also a positive coping strategy, but it may not be the most immediate or common response.

Question 19

What mechanisms do people use to handle negative emotions associated with adverse stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Diverting attention is one of the most common mechanisms used to handle negative emotions associated with adverse stimuli. This involves shifting focus away from the negative stimuli and towards something more positive or neutral.

Question 20

Baldwin,a police detective,is looking at crime scene photos from a murder.Which of the following is most likely to occur when Baldwin is looking at the photos?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Baldwin,a police detective,is looking at crime scene...

Quiz 11: Motivation and Emotion