Question 1

Lara is watching the moon rise.When the moon is on the horizon it appears to be much larger than when it is higher up in the sky.This phenomenon is called the ___ and is caused by ___.
A) lunar illusion; size constancy cues
B) lunar illusion; a reduction in the size constancy effect
C) moon illusion; a reduction in the size constancy effect
D) moon illusion; size constancy cues

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described is the moon illusion, and it is caused by a reduction in the size constancy effect. Choice A is incorrect because while the phenomenon is commonly known as the lunar illusion, the term "lunar" specifically refers to the moon itself rather than the illusion. Choice B is incorrect because size constancy cues are not the cause of the phenomenon, but rather their reduction is what creates the illusion. Choice D is incorrect because while size constancy cues are involved in the illusion, it is specifically referred to as the moon illusion rather than the lunar illusion.

Question 2

Regardless of the angle at which you look at a book (e.g.,if it is lying flat or standing on a shelf),you still recognize it as a book.This is an example of ___.
A) size constancy
B) object constancy
C) shape constancy
D) angle constancy

Accepted Answer

Shape constancy refers to the perception of an object as having a constant shape, even when viewed from different angles.

Question 3

Stacy has just been told that her 5-year old son has strabismus.What is the doctor likely to say to Stacy about her son's vision?
A) he can't identify colours
B) he can't perceive movement
C) his primary visual cortex is not receiving signals from his lateral geniculate nucleus
D) his eyes are each receiving a different image

Accepted Answer

Strabismus, also known as crossed eyes, occurs when the eyes are misaligned and do not point in the same direction. This causes each eye to receive a slightly different image, leading to difficulty in depth perception and binocular vision. Therefore, the doctor is likely to tell Stacy that her son's eyes are each receiving a different image.

Question 4

John and Lucia are eating dinner in a restaurant.Although the restaurant manager dims the lights halfway through their meal,they still recognize that their food is the same colour.Which of the following terms explains this phenomenon?
A) perceptual illusion
B) colour constancy
C) ponzo illusion
D) colour illusion

Accepted Answer

Colour constancy refers to our ability to perceive the consistent color of an object despite changes in the lighting conditions. In this scenario, even though the lights were dimmed, John and Lucia were still able to perceive the color of their food as consistent because of color constancy. Perceptual illusion and Ponzo illusion refer to other types of visual distortions, and color illusion is not a specific term.

Question 5

When blind people read Braille,which parts of their brains become active?
A) portions of the occipital lobe
B) portions of somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobe
C) portions of the occipital and temporal lobes - the "what" pathway in vision
D) portions of the occipital and parietal lobes - the "where" pathway in vision

Accepted Answer

The answer of When blind people read Braille,which parts of...

Question 6

Compared to the other senses,vision is ___ developed at birth.
A) less well
B) equally
C) more highly
D) much more highly

Accepted Answer

Vision is less well developed at birth compared to the other senses. Newborns have limited visual acuity and cannot see in detail or in full color, which develops over the first few months of life.

Question 7

Darren and Lily are dancing.As they sway to the music,which sense detects their body's position in space?
A) vestibular
B) kinesthetic
C) synesthetic
D) multisthetic

Accepted Answer

The vestibular sense detects the body's position in space and helps with balance and coordination. As Darren and Lily are dancing and swaying, their vestibular sense is actively engaged in helping them maintain their balance and know their position in relation to the ground and each other. The kinesthetic sense, on the other hand, involves the awareness of the body's position and movement of its limbs and muscles, which is also relevant to dancing but not the primary sense responsible for detecting one's position in space. Synesthetic and multisthetic are not senses related to body position or movement.

Question 8

The effect seen in the Ames Room is the result of ___.
A) perceptual consistency
B) shape constancy
C) size constancy
D) both shape and size constancy

Accepted Answer

The Ames Room illusion involves a distorted room that causes two people, standing at opposite ends, to appear to be drastically different in size. This effect is the result of both shape and size constancy, as our brains attempt to maintain a consistent perception of the individuals despite the distorted room.

Question 9

Quinn watches his white cat walk into the shadows.Although the retinal image of the cat's colour has changed from white to grey,Quinn isn't left wondering why his cat suddenly changed colour.This is because Quinn has:
A) size constancy
B) shape constancy
C) colour constancy
D) perceptual set

Accepted Answer

Quinn's ability to see the cat as white despite changes in lighting conditions is due to color constancy. This is an example of how the brain adjusts for changes in the environment to maintain a stable perception of color. Size constancy refers to the perception of objects as maintaining their size despite changes in distance, while shape constancy refers to the perception of objects as maintaining their shape despite changes in orientation or angle. Perceptual set refers to the influence of prior experiences and expectations on perception, but this is not relevant to Quinn's observation of his cat changing color in the shadows.

Question 10

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between strabismus and amblyopia?
A) Strabismus can produce amblyopia.
B) Amblyopia can produce strabismus.
C) Strabismus can produce amblyopia but occasionally amblyopia can cause strabismus.
D) Strabismus and amblyopia are unrelated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements best expresses...

Question 11

Kinesthetic is to vestibular as ___ is to ___.
A) ear; muscle
B) muscle; ear
C) superior colliculus; inferior colliculus
D) Inferior colliculus; superior colliculus

Accepted Answer

Kinesthetic and vestibular are both related to movement and body position. Similarly, muscle and ear are both linked to sensory perception. Since the contrast in the options is between ear and muscle, it is clear that the correct choice pairs muscle with kinesthetic, and ear with vestibular.

Question 12

Yvonne says goodnight to her boyfriend and watches him walk away.Although the retinal image of her boyfriend is getting smaller and smaller,Yvonne isn't left wondering why he is suddenly shrinking.This is because Yvonne has:
A) shape constancy
B) size constancy
C) colour constancy
D) object permanence

Accepted Answer

Size constancy refers to the ability to perceive an object as being the same size, despite changes in the retinal image as the object moves closer or further away. In this case, Yvonne is seeing her boyfriend getting smaller as he walks away, but she still perceives him as being the same size thanks to size constancy.

Question 13

Zoran has been diagnosed with strabismus.What are the effects of this condition?
A) Zoran cannot identify colours
B) Zoran cannot perceive movement
C) Zoran's primary visual cortex is not receiving signals from his lateral geniculate nucleus
D) Zoran's eyes are each receiving a different image

Accepted Answer

Strabismus is a condition in which the eyes are misaligned and point in different directions. This causes each eye to receive a slightly different image, which can lead to double vision or the brain suppressing signals from one eye altogether. This can result in a reduced depth perception and difficulties with spatial orientation. However, it does not usually affect color perception or the processing of movement. The primary visual cortex receives signals from both the left and right lateral geniculate nuclei, so if one eye is suppressed, that could lead to incomplete processing of visual information, but this is not necessarily specific to strabismus.

Question 14

Vinnie is 1 month old.Uri is 3 months old.Tanisha is a 9-month-old.Which alternative below most accurately describes the visual development of these infants?
A) Vinnie focuses mostly on contrasts. Uri focuses on faces. Tanisha's focal range is about one foot.
B) Vinnie focuses mostly on contrasts. Uri focuses on faces. Tanisha's visual acuity is similar to that of an adult.
C) Vinnie focuses mostly on contrasts. Uri's focal range is about one foot. Tanisha focuses on faces.
D) Vinnie focuses on faces. Uri's focal range is about one foot. Tanisha's visual acuity is similar to that of an adult.

Accepted Answer

Infants' visual development progresses in a predictable pattern. At 1 month, infants like Vinnie are mostly attracted to high-contrast patterns because their vision is still developing and they cannot see well at a distance. By 3 months, infants like Uri begin to focus more on faces as their vision improves and they start to recognize familiar people. By 9 months, infants like Tanisha have significantly improved visual acuity, nearing that of an adult, allowing them to see the world more clearly and in greater detail.

Question 15

Match the appropriate words in the left column to the definitions in the right column.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the appropriate words in the left...

Question 16

If you hold your hand in front of you at arm's length,you recognize it as your hand.If you slowly move your hand in toward your face,the image of your hand covers a larger portion of your retina,however,you do not tend to think that your hand has suddenly begun to grow.Which of the following explains this?
A) colour constancy
B) Ponzo illusion
C) Muller-Lyer illusion
D) size constancy

Accepted Answer

Size constancy refers to our ability to perceive objects as the same size despite changes in their size on the retina due to changes in distance. In this situation, as the hand moves in towards the face, it covers a larger portion of the retina, but we still perceive the hand as the same size due to size constancy.

Question 17

Four-year-old Warrick wears an eye patch over his right eye.Why might this be?
A) Warrick is amblyopic.
B) Warrick is strabismic.
C) Warrick is myopic.
D) Warrick is either amblyopic or strabismic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Four-year-old Warrick wears an eye patch over...

Question 18

Approximately how many people in the Canada may be characterized as blind?
A) 38,000
B) 108,000
C) 278,000
D) 438,000

Accepted Answer

According to the Canadian National Institute for the Blind, approximately 108,000 people in Canada are blind.

Question 19

The sense that tells us if we are moving and in which direction we are moving is called the ___.
A) vestibular sense
B) kinesthetic sense
C) synesthetic sense
D) multisthetic sense

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sense that tells us if we...

Question 20

Madeline is taking a ferry to Vancouver Island and is feeling seasick.Seasickness is caused by
A) a mismatch between the kinesthetic sense and the vestibular sense.
B) a mismatch between the kinesthetic sense and the eyes.
C) a mismatch between the vestibular sense and the eyes.
D) mismatch between the kinesthetic sense and the synesthetic sense.

Accepted Answer

Seasickness is caused by a mismatch between the vestibular sense (balance and spatial orientation) and the eyes. When there is movement on a boat, the inner ear senses the motion, but the eyes do not see the surrounding environment moving in the same way, which leads to confusion and ultimately results in seasickness.

Quiz 5: Sensation and Perception

Lara is watching the moon rise.When the moon is on the horizon it appears to be much larger than when it is higher up in the sky.This phenomenon is called the _ and is caused by _.

Regardless of the angle at which you look at a book (e.g.,if it is lying flat or standing on a shelf) ,you still recognize it as a book.This is an example of ___.

Stacy has just been told that her 5-year old son has strabismus.What is the doctor likely to say to Stacy about her son's vision?

John and Lucia are eating dinner in a restaurant.Although the restaurant manager dims the lights halfway through their meal,they still recognize that their food is the same colour.Which of the following terms explains this phenomenon?

When blind people read Braille,which parts of their brains become active?

Compared to the other senses,vision is ___ developed at birth.

Darren and Lily are dancing.As they sway to the music,which sense detects their body's position in space?

The effect seen in the Ames Room is the result of ___.

Quinn watches his white cat walk into the shadows.Although the retinal image of the cat's colour has changed from white to grey,Quinn isn't left wondering why his cat suddenly changed colour.This is because Quinn has:

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between strabismus and amblyopia?

Kinesthetic is to vestibular as _ is to _.

Yvonne says goodnight to her boyfriend and watches him walk away.Although the retinal image of her boyfriend is getting smaller and smaller,Yvonne isn't left wondering why he is suddenly shrinking.This is because Yvonne has:

Zoran has been diagnosed with strabismus.What are the effects of this condition?

Vinnie is 1 month old.Uri is 3 months old.Tanisha is a 9-month-old.Which alternative below most accurately describes the visual development of these infants?

Match the appropriate words in the left column to the definitions in the right column.

Four-year-old Warrick wears an eye patch over his right eye.Why might this be?

Approximately how many people in the Canada may be characterized as blind?

The sense that tells us if we are moving and in which direction we are moving is called the ___.

Madeline is taking a ferry to Vancouver Island and is feeling seasick.Seasickness is caused by