Question 1

An instructional objective that requires students to recite a definition exactly as it has been presented is at the ________ level in Bloom's taxonomy.

Accepted Answer

Reciting a definition exactly as it has been presented falls under the "knowledge" level in Bloom's taxonomy, which involves recalling facts, terms, basic concepts, and answers without necessarily understanding what they mean.

Question 2

An instructional objective that requires students to identify the different parts of speech in a sentence is at the ________ level in Bloom's taxonomy.

Accepted Answer

Identifying different parts of speech in a sentence requires students to break down the sentence into its constituent elements and examine their function, which aligns with the Analysis level in Bloom's taxonomy. This level involves dissecting information to understand its structure.

Question 3

A variety of discipline-specific professional organizations have developed standards that educators might apply in identifying instructional objectives for a classroom or school district. Three of the following are accurate statements about these standards. Which one is not necessarily true?

Accepted Answer

While many of these standards are developed by experts in the subject area, and can be found on organizational websites, not all of them have been clearly and convincingly supported by research as appropriate for students at different ages. Therefore, statement C may not necessarily be true.

Question 4

Over the years people have voiced many concerns about the use of behaviorist techniques in the classroom. Some of these concerns are legitimate, but others are not. What might you say in rebuttal when someone makes each of the following complaints?
a. "Why are you bribing students to learn their math facts?"
b. "Punishing children for inappropriate behavior will make them feel badly about themselves."
c. "When you reward a student for good behavior, you teach other students to misbehave so that they, too, can earn rewards."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Over the years people have voiced many...

Question 5

Ursula is always getting out of her seat at inappropriate times. As her teacher, you scold Ursula every time she does this, but her behavior seems to be getting worse rather than better.
a. From a behaviorist perspective, why is Ursula's getting-out-of-seat behavior increasing rather than decreasing?
b. How might you decrease her behavior by reinforcing an incompatible behavior? Describe your procedure in detail, specifying the reinforcer and the behavior you will reinforce.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ursula is always getting out of her...

Question 6

Ms. Longman is using programmed instruction in teaching her geography class. Which one of the following are students least likely to encounter in their instruction?

Accepted Answer

Programmed instruction is a form of self-paced learning where students work through a series of frames or units at their own pace. While they may receive immediate feedback about the accuracy of their responses, one-on-one interactions with their teacher are less likely to occur in this type of instruction. Additionally, while the probability of success may be high, it is not guaranteed for every student.

Question 7

Judging from the brief descriptions below, which one of these four teachers is most likely to be using a mastery learning approach?

Accepted Answer

Mr. Dickson's insistence on mastery of the first unit exam before moving on to the second unit is a key feature of the mastery learning approach, where students must show proficiency in a topic before progressing to the next one. The other three options describe different forms of differentiated instruction, alternative assessments, and weighting of exam scores, which do not necessarily indicate a mastery-based approach to teaching and learning.

Question 8

The major advantage of using Bloom's taxonomy in developing objectives is that the taxonomy:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The major advantage of using Bloom's taxonomy...

Question 9

A mastery learning approach would probably be most suitable for teaching:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mastery learning approach would probably be...

Question 10

Research indicates that mastery learning approaches are superior to traditional instruction in several ways. Which one of the following conclusions should not be drawn on the basis of research on mastery learning?

Accepted Answer

Research on mastery learning has shown that it benefits all students, not only high-ability students. This conclusion is not supported by the research on mastery learning.

Question 11

Judging from the brief descriptions below, which of these four teachers is most likely to be using a mastery learning approach?

Accepted Answer

Mr. Carlton's approach of breaking the physics course into discrete units that students study at their own pace indicates a mastery learning approach, where students are expected to demonstrate mastery before moving on to the next unit.

Question 12

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) has several advantages over noncomputer-based programmed instruction (PI). Which one of the following is not an advantage of CAI over PI?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) has several advantages over...

Question 13

For which of the following students would behaviorist approaches to instruction be least helpful?

Accepted Answer

The answer of For which of the following students would...

Question 14

Greg has terrible study habits: whenever he is given an assignment to be done either in class or at home, he doesn't begin the assignment until he has been repeatedly nagged by either his teacher or his parents. Furthermore, Greg seems unable to complete assignments without constant prodding to stay on task. Explain how you might use instrumental conditioning to help Greg develop better study habits. Be concrete and specific in your explanation of what you would do, and be sure to include each of the following in your description:
a. The baseline
b. The terminal behavior
c. A secondary reinforcer you might use
d. Shaping
e. Some means of preventing extinction

Accepted Answer

The answer of Greg has terrible study habits: whenever he...

Question 15

An instructional objective that requires students to rephrase a definition in their own words is at the ________ level in Bloom's taxonomy.

Accepted Answer

The instructional objective mentioned in the question is asking students to comprehend a definition by rephrasing it in their own words. Therefore, the level in Bloom's taxonomy for this objective is comprehension.

Question 16

In programmed instruction, a branching program is different from a linear program in that a branching program:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In programmed instruction, a branching program is...

Question 17

The use of instructional objectives in instruction has several advantages. Which of the following is not a benefit that objectives provide?

Accepted Answer

Instructional objectives provide clear goals and expectations for both teachers and students. They help teachers choose appropriate methods and assignments, communicate with other professionals, and evaluate student achievement. However, instructional objectives do not guarantee student achievement in areas not covered by the objectives. This requires additional efforts and strategies from teachers and students. Therefore, option B is not a benefit that objectives provide as it is not feasible to expect objectives to facilitate student achievement in every area of learning.

Question 18

When we make important decisions on the basis of students' achievement test results-for instance, when we identify which students to promote, which teachers to reward with salary increases, and so on, on the basis of students' test scores-we are most likely to see:

Accepted Answer

When important decisions are based on students' achievement test results, improvements are likely to be seen only in the knowledge and skills that were specifically addressed in the tests. This is because teachers are more likely to focus on teaching to the test, rather than providing a well-rounded education that includes a variety of subjects and skills. Additionally, this can lead to a narrowing of the curriculum and less time being dedicated to important topics that are not assessed on the test.

Question 19

Which one of the following is the best illustration of synthesis within Bloom's taxonomy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following is the...

Question 20

The director of the local boys' club is concerned about the hostility exhibited by Jeremy, a 14-year-old boy who comes to the club frequently with his friends. Jeremy uses obscene language at the club, and he sometimes displays physical aggression toward the club facilities (he kicks furniture, punches the walls, and so on). Use an instrumental conditioning framework to address the following questions.
a. The director first decides to eliminate Jeremy's hostile behaviors by ignoring them. In behaviorist terminology, what is the director trying to do?
b. This ignoring strategy does not seem to lead to any reduction in Jeremy's hostility. Using an instrumental conditioning framework, give at least two possible explanations for the failure of the director's approach.
c. The director then begins to praise Jeremy on those rare occasions when he does behave appropriately. In behaviorist terminology, how is the director now trying to eliminate the hostility?
d. This second approach does not seem to work any better than the first one did. Using an instrumental conditioning framework, give at least two possible explanations for the failure of this approach.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The director of the local boys' club...

Quiz 5: Applications of Instrumental Conditioning