Question 1

Three of the four modes of inheritance of organelle genes are
• maternal inheritance as in mammals,
• paternal inheritance as in gymnosperms, and
• selective degradation of one source during mating.
What is the fourth?

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Question 2

Do the protein-coding parts of organelle genes more closely resemble those of Bacteria (Eubacteria)or Archaea?

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Question 3

Mating in Chlamydomonas occurs between haploid mt⁺ and mt^- individuals. The mt^- chloroplast genome is selectively degraded 95% of the time. In one such mating, the mt⁺ genome is str^R and mt^- is str^S. Will offspring live or die if they are exposed to streptomycin?

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Question 4

In mammals, the number of mitochondria per cell is highly variable. Which of the following would have the largest number: skin cells, red blood cells, or skeletal muscle cells?

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Question 5

In one or two words, give two characteristics of mitochondrial genomes.

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Question 6

Which factor in organelle replication immediately precedes "organelle division"?

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Question 7

DNA transfer has occurred many times between organelle and nuclear genomes. Two pairs of sequences are analyzed. Pair A has more similarities than pair B. Which of these is the most ancient transfer?

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Question 8

If a cell includes a mixture of variable numbers of wild-type and mutant organelles, this condition is known as ________.

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Question 9

What name is given to the alteration of an RNA sequence after transcription?

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Question 10

What is the name of the area of the organelle in which organelle DNA is packaged?

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Question 11

If a chloroplast coding sequence has been transferred to the nuclear genome, but the protein product is needed in the chloroplast, what must be added to the original polypeptide sequence?

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Question 12

The organelles involved in organelle heredity are ________ and ________.

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Question 13

What are the closest "relatives" of chloroplasts still found as free-living organisms today?

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Question 14

Sequencing of genomes of eukaryotes, both mitochondrial and nuclear, have revealed evidence of sequence transfer from one to the other. Are such transfers ancient, recent, or both?

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Question 15

In any mammal, the phenotype for a mitochondrial trait is based on what maternal characteristic?

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Question 16

Mitochondrial genome transcription, translation, and replication occur where?

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Question 17

The protein-coding genes of chloroplasts are involved in what part of photosynthesis?

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Question 18

Is the rate of mutation in mitochondrial DNA of mammals greater or less than that of the species' nuclear DNA?

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Question 19

Any form of inheritance that does not follow Mendelian patterns and that involves most of the cytoplasm being contributed to the embryo by one of the parents is called ________.

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Question 20

Allan Wilson showed that the mtDNA of Africans is more diverse than that of other human populations. Does this finding provide evidence for the multiregional (MRE)model or the recent African origin (RAO)model?

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Quiz 19: Cytoplasmic Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes

Three of the four modes of inheritance of organelle genes are • maternal inheritance as in mammals, • paternal inheritance as in gymnosperms, and • selective degradation of one source during mating. What is the fourth?

Do the protein-coding parts of organelle genes more closely resemble those of Bacteria (Eubacteria)or Archaea?

Mating in Chlamydomonas occurs between haploid mt⁺ and mt^- individuals. The mt^- chloroplast genome is selectively degraded 95% of the time. In one such mating, the mt⁺ genome is str^R and mt^- is str^S. Will offspring live or die if they are exposed to streptomycin?

In mammals, the number of mitochondria per cell is highly variable. Which of the following would have the largest number: skin cells, red blood cells, or skeletal muscle cells?

In one or two words, give two characteristics of mitochondrial genomes.

Which factor in organelle replication immediately precedes "organelle division"?

DNA transfer has occurred many times between organelle and nuclear genomes. Two pairs of sequences are analyzed. Pair A has more similarities than pair B. Which of these is the most ancient transfer?

If a cell includes a mixture of variable numbers of wild-type and mutant organelles, this condition is known as ________.

What name is given to the alteration of an RNA sequence after transcription?

What is the name of the area of the organelle in which organelle DNA is packaged?

If a chloroplast coding sequence has been transferred to the nuclear genome, but the protein product is needed in the chloroplast, what must be added to the original polypeptide sequence?

The organelles involved in organelle heredity are and .

What are the closest "relatives" of chloroplasts still found as free-living organisms today?

Sequencing of genomes of eukaryotes, both mitochondrial and nuclear, have revealed evidence of sequence transfer from one to the other. Are such transfers ancient, recent, or both?

In any mammal, the phenotype for a mitochondrial trait is based on what maternal characteristic?

Mitochondrial genome transcription, translation, and replication occur where?

The protein-coding genes of chloroplasts are involved in what part of photosynthesis?

Is the rate of mutation in mitochondrial DNA of mammals greater or less than that of the species' nuclear DNA?

Any form of inheritance that does not follow Mendelian patterns and that involves most of the cytoplasm being contributed to the embryo by one of the parents is called ________.

Allan Wilson showed that the mtDNA of Africans is more diverse than that of other human populations. Does this finding provide evidence for the multiregional (MRE)model or the recent African origin (RAO)model?

Quiz 19: Cytoplasmic Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes

Three of the four modes of inheritance of organelle genes are • maternal inheritance as in mammals, • paternal inheritance as in gymnosperms, and • selective degradation of one source during mating. What is the fourth?

Do the protein-coding parts of organelle genes more closely resemble those of Bacteria (Eubacteria)or Archaea?

Mating in Chlamydomonas occurs between haploid mt+ and mt- individuals. The mt- chloroplast genome is selectively degraded 95% of the time. In one such mating, the mt+ genome is strR and mt- is strS. Will offspring live or die if they are exposed to streptomycin?

In mammals, the number of mitochondria per cell is highly variable. Which of the following would have the largest number: skin cells, red blood cells, or skeletal muscle cells?

In one or two words, give two characteristics of mitochondrial genomes.

Which factor in organelle replication immediately precedes "organelle division"?

DNA transfer has occurred many times between organelle and nuclear genomes. Two pairs of sequences are analyzed. Pair A has more similarities than pair B. Which of these is the most ancient transfer?

If a cell includes a mixture of variable numbers of wild-type and mutant organelles, this condition is known as ________.

What name is given to the alteration of an RNA sequence after transcription?

What is the name of the area of the organelle in which organelle DNA is packaged?

If a chloroplast coding sequence has been transferred to the nuclear genome, but the protein product is needed in the chloroplast, what must be added to the original polypeptide sequence?

The organelles involved in organelle heredity are ________ and ________.

What are the closest "relatives" of chloroplasts still found as free-living organisms today?

Sequencing of genomes of eukaryotes, both mitochondrial and nuclear, have revealed evidence of sequence transfer from one to the other. Are such transfers ancient, recent, or both?

In any mammal, the phenotype for a mitochondrial trait is based on what maternal characteristic?

Mitochondrial genome transcription, translation, and replication occur where?

The protein-coding genes of chloroplasts are involved in what part of photosynthesis?

Is the rate of mutation in mitochondrial DNA of mammals greater or less than that of the species' nuclear DNA?

Any form of inheritance that does not follow Mendelian patterns and that involves most of the cytoplasm being contributed to the embryo by one of the parents is called ________.

Allan Wilson showed that the mtDNA of Africans is more diverse than that of other human populations. Does this finding provide evidence for the multiregional (MRE)model or the recent African origin (RAO)model?

Mating in Chlamydomonas occurs between haploid mt⁺ and mt^- individuals. The mt^- chloroplast genome is selectively degraded 95% of the time. In one such mating, the mt⁺ genome is str^R and mt^- is str^S. Will offspring live or die if they are exposed to streptomycin?

The organelles involved in organelle heredity are and .