Question 1

The nurse reviews laboratory values for a male patient with an elevated prostate specific antigen level and notes that the alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium levels are also elevated.What does this finding suggest to the nurse?

Accepted Answer

If prostate cancer is suspected or diagnosed,additional tests may be done.Alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium levels may be elevated if metastasis to the bone has occurred.A.B.C.An elevated alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium levels are not associated with a bladder infection,sexually transmitted infection,or obstruction of the spermatic cord.

Question 2

The nurse is reviewing the anatomy of the reproductive tract with a female patient.Which structures should the nurse identify as being part of the vulva? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Also called the vulva,the female external genital structures are the clitoris,mons pubis,labia majora and minora,and Bartholin's glands.C.E.F.The cervix,vagina,and urethra are not parts of the vulva.

Question 3

The nurse is reviewing the recommendations for breast self-examination prior to preparing a female patient for a pelvic examination.According to the American Cancer Society,how often should the nurse remind the patient to perform breast self-examination (BSE)?

Accepted Answer

A BSE should be performed monthly,following menses if premenopausal.A.D.The exam should be performed monthly.Semiannually and annually is not adequate.B.The examination does not need to be performed weekly.

Question 4

A female patient has not been able to conceive and the HCP is suggesting an evaluation of hormone levels.Which hormone should the nurse review with the patient as being responsible for ovulation?

Accepted Answer

The luteinizing hormone causes ovulation.A.Estrogen promotes maturation of ovarian follicles.B.Oxytocin promotes the release of milk.D.Progesterone promotes further growth of blood vessels in endometrium,inhibits contractions of the myometrium during pregnancy,and promotes growth of secretory cells of mammary glands.

Question 5

The nurse reviews the contents of a patient's health history and thinks that a referral for a bone density might be indicated.What information in the patient's medical record did the nurse use to make this decision? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Menopausal women older than age 50 who are not on hormone replacement therapy should be assessed for bone loss.The National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends bone density testing for all women over age 65 and for postmenopausal women under age 65 if they are at high risk.B.C.E.Type 2 diabetes mellitus,use of vitamin supplements,and being treated for high blood pressure do not support the need for bone density testing.

Question 6

An LPN is caring for a woman whose obstetrical history is noted as GIV,PIII,AI.What does this information suggest to the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Obstetrical history is documented using abbreviations of Latin words: G is the number of pregnancies (from the Latin word gravida); P is births,whether live or stillborn (regardless of number of fetuses)after 20 weeks' gestation (from the Latin word para); A stands for abortions,whether spontaneous or therapeutic (from the Latin word abortus; a spontaneous abortion is sometimes called a miscarriage).No information regarding length of term is included in this notation.This woman had four pregnancies-three births and one abortion.(It is not known if this was a miscarriage or a therapeutic abortion.)A.This documentation does not support a set of triplets.C.This documentation does not support being pregnant 6 times.D.There is not enough information to determine the cause of the aborus.F.If all pregnancies resulted in live births,the documentation would be Para IV.

Question 7

The LPN is providing instructions on testicular self-examination.Which statement should the nurse include in this teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Testicular self-examination should be done monthly,and lumps or unusual changes should be communicated to the physician.The left side of the scrotum usually hangs a little lower than the right.E.Both hands are used to hold the scrotum and gently roll each testicle between the thumb and first three fingers,feeling for any lumps or hard spots.The testicles are round,smooth,and egg shaped.B.The spermatic cord usually feels firm,smooth,and movable and can be readily identified.

Question 8

The nurse identifies that a female patient is at risk for developing a coagulation disorder.What did the nurse assess during the health history to make this decision? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Smoking increases the risk of coagulation disorders with use of contraceptives containing estrogen in women over age 35.C.E.Drinking milk and exercising does not increase the risk of developing a coagulation disorder.

Question 9

After finding a mass in the scrotum of a male patient the nurse provides the HCP with a flashlight and turns off the lights.Why did the nurse perform these actions?

Accepted Answer

A simple noninvasive test called transillumination is used to determine if a mass is fluid filled or solid.With the room lights out,a flashlight is held behind the scrotum.If the mass is fluid,a red glow appears; if it is solid,it appears opaque.A.Identification of a varicocele is done by palpating the spermatic cord.B.D.A flashlight and darkened room are not needed for a digital rectal examination and prostate specific antigen blood test.

Question 10

A young male patient wants to know where ejaculate fluid is made.Which glands should the nurse identify as producing secretions that become part of semen? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The reproductive glands are the seminal vesicles,prostate gland,and bulbourethral glands,all of which produce secretions that become part of semen.A.C.F.The testes,ductus deferens,and the anterior pituitary gland do not produce secretions that become part of semen.

Question 11

The nurse is reviewing findings from a female patient's breast examination.What assessment findings should the nurse report to the physician for follow-up? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Although most women's breasts are not exactly the same size,marked differences between the breasts or a change in the size of one breast should be checked with an HCP.Puckering or dimpling of skin,changes in consistency,asymmetrical movement,and different pointing position of the nipples can indicate changes in tissue and should also be reported to an HCP.A.Stretch marks do not need to be reported.F.There can be a slight difference between breast sizes that is not associated with a pathological condition.

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a cystourethroscopy.What instruction should the nurse provide before the patient is discharged?

Accepted Answer

After the procedure,intake and output are measured for 24 hours,and alteration from the patient's normal pattern or absence of urination are reported to the physician.Fluids are encouraged to promote excretion of the dye.A.Normal urination is expected and should not be delayed for 8 hours.B.Urine should not be red for 3 days.The patient should not experience white discharge.

Question 13

A patient learns he has an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA)and asks the nurse what this means.What is the best response?

Accepted Answer

The normal value of PSA is less than 4 ng/L.PSA is a glycoprotein produced by prostate cells.An elevated level indicates prostatic hypertrophy or cancer.A.PSA is not protective against prostate cancer.B.The PSA could be elevated because of prostatic hyperplasia.C.The health care provider (HCP)will determine the best course of treatment for the elevated PSA.

Quiz 41: Genitourinary and Reproductive System Function and Assessment