Question 1

The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who is scheduled for an esophagogastroduodenoscopy.Which patient statement indicates understanding of pre-procedure diet instructions?

Accepted Answer

The patient will have nothing to eat or drink 8 to 12 hours typically before the procedure.A.B.C.These statements indicate the patient does not understand the pre-procedure diet instructions.

Question 2

The nurse is assisting with the care of a patient who has PN containing dextrose 50% infusing.The patient asks why the rate keeps being increased.How should the nurse respond to this patient?

Accepted Answer

PN is started slowly to give the pancreas time to adjust to increasing insulin production for the high amounts of glucose in the PN.A.The rate is not changed because the patient's blood sugar is low.B.The rate is not changed because of bile secretion or heartburn.C.The rate is not changed to encourage the body to absorb electrolytes.

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a patient on a full liquid diet.The nurse recognizes that the patient understands teaching if the patient requests which food item?

Accepted Answer

A full liquid diet is any item that is liquid at room temperature as a milkshake would be.A.B.D.These food items are appropriate for a regular diet.

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a non-vented nasogastric tube.Which suction setting should the nurse select?

Accepted Answer

If suction is ordered,low intermittent suction is used with non-vented nasogastric tubes (Levin).A.B.D.These settings are inappropriate for this type of nasogastric tube.

Question 5

A patient is prescribed PN.For which percentage of dextrose should the nurse prepare the patient to have a central venous catheter placed for this infusion?

Accepted Answer

PN dextrose greater than 12% should be administered through a central venous catheter into a large vein to prevent vein irritation and thrombophlebitis.A.B.C.These dextrose percentages can be safely administered through a peripheral site.

Question 6

The nurse is assisting with the care of a patient who has PN infusing.Which data should be the most concerning to the nurse?

Accepted Answer

The glucose level is elevated.It is important to monitor glucose levels as ordered and to look for signs of hyperglycemia due to the high dextrose in PN.A.B.D.This data is all within normal limits.

Question 7

The nurse is palpating the abdomen of a patient reporting mild abdominal pain in the upper right quadrant.How deep should the nurse depress this patient's abdomen?

Accepted Answer

When palpating the abdomen of a patient reporting mild abdominal pain in the upper right quadrant,the LPN should depress the abdomen no more than 1 inch.B.C.D.Deep palpation of the abdomen is done only by physicians and highly skilled nurses.

Question 8

The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who is on a clear liquid diet.Which patient statement(s)indicates correct understanding of the foods that would be appropriate on this diet? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Clear liquids are liquid items that you can see through.B.F.Ice cream and grape juice are not on a clear liquid diet.

Question 9

A patient recovering from GI surgery 4 hours ago is alert and oriented and complains of feeling thirsty.Diet orders read,"clear liquids,advance as tolerated." Which action should the nurse take?

Accepted Answer

Because there is an order for liquids and the patient is stable,the nurse can provide the patient with sips of fluid.A.RN does not need to be informed prior to giving the fluids.B.D.There does not appear to be an advantage to maintaining patients NPO postoperatively until bowel function returns.If ordered,nutrition can be provided to patients undergoing GI surgery early postoperatively which may improve their recovery with fewer complications.

Question 10

The nurse is reinforcing teaching provided to a patient who has a small bowel obstruction.Which processes occur in the small intestine that should be included in this teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Enzymes to complete carbohydrate metabolism and production of peptides to digest proteins occur in the small intestines.A.B.C.D.These processes occur in other body organs.

Question 11

The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who has hepatitis.Which functions of the liver should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The liver forms bilirubin,synthesizes clotting factors,and phagocytizes worn out red blood cells.B.D.E.These actions are performed by other body organs or functions.

Question 12

The nurse is preparing a patient for an NG tube insertion.To decrease the patient's anxiety about insertion of a nasogastric tube,what should the nurse do?

Accepted Answer

Explaining what is to be done reduces patient anxiety because the patient knows what to expect and can prepare to cope with it.A.B.A narcotic or sedative is not helpful when inserting an NG tube into a patient.D.The patient's gag reflex will be assessed during tube insertion.

Question 13

The nurse is contributing to the teaching plan for another nurse's team of patients.Which patients should the nurse expect to be scheduled for an upper GI series? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Upper GIs are used to detect such things as strictures,ulcers,tumors,polyps,hiatal hernias,and motility problems in the upper GI tract.E.Hemorrhoids are not detected or treated with an upper GI series.B.Appendicitis is not detected with an upper GI series.D.Frank blood in the stool is indicative of a lower GI problem.

Question 14

While assessing a patient's abdomen,the nurse notes a yellow-tinge to the skin.How should the nurse document this finding?

Accepted Answer

Yellowing of the skin is termed jaundice.A.Striae are light silver-colored or thin red lines on the skin.C.Caput medusae are bluish purple swollen vein patterns extending out from the navel.D.Spider angiomas are thin reddish purple vein lines close to the skin surface.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a permanent gastric feeding tube.What nursing action would be most helpful to prevent aspiration during feedings?

Accepted Answer

To prevent aspiration during tube feedings the nurse should elevate the head of the patient's bed more than or equal to 30 degrees at all times for feeding.A.B.D.These actions would not prevent the patient from developing aspiration with tube feedings.

Question 16

The nurse is participating in a local health fair.Which should the nurse include in a presentation on aging changes associated with the GI system? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The sense of taste becomes less acute,and there is greater likelihood of periodontal disease and oral cancer.There may be difficulties with chewing if teeth have been lost.Secretions throughout the GI tract are reduced,and the effectiveness of peristalsis diminishes because of loss of muscle elasticity and slowed motility.Indigestion may become more common,especially if the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)loses its tone,and there is greater chance of peptic ulcer.In the colon,diverticula may form.Constipation may be a problem,as may hemorrhoids.E.The risk of colon cancer also increases with age.

Question 17

The nurse is contributing to a patient's plan of care.Which patients should the nurse recommend as benefiting from PN? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Patients with conditions such as burns,trauma,cancer,AIDS,malnutrition,anorexia nervosa,or fever,or those undergoing major surgery may need PN.The patient with esophageal cancer or burns across the face and chest may have difficulty swallowing and need nutritional support via PN.B.C.D.F.These patients may not necessarily benefit from PN.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a patient on a clear liquid diet.The nurse should recognize that the patient requires further teaching if the patient requests which food?

Accepted Answer

Cream is not on a clear liquid diet.A.B.C.Clear liquids are liquid items that you can see through.

Question 19

A patient's Levin NG tube inserted for decompression of the bowel,which is connected to low intermittent suction,is not draining.The patient reports feeling full,uncomfortable,and nauseous.After verifying tube placement,what action should the nurse take next?

Accepted Answer

Gently irrigate the tube with normal saline to ensure patency and that the tube does not adhere to the stomach wall.A.An antiemetic would not help the tube drain.B.The NG tube cannot be removed without a health care provider's (HCP's)order.C.The physician may need to be notified but after an attempt at irrigation is made.

Question 20

The nurse is reviewing structures within the hepatobiliary system with a patient with liver disease.Which structures should the nurse identify as being a part of this system? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The liver,bile duct,and gallbladder make up the hepatobiliary system.B.C.E.These organs are a part of the GI system.

Quiz 32: Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary, and Pancreatic Systems Function, Assessment, and Therapeutic Measures