Question 1

Which of the following is a hunger-arousing hormone secreted by the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a hunger-arousing...

Question 2

Our ________ is said to be a gauge of how socially accepted we feel.

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem refers to our overall evaluation of our worth as a person. It includes how we feel about ourselves, our abilities, and our overall sense of self. Social acceptance is a key factor in shaping our self-esteem, with the level of acceptance we feel from others often influencing how positively or negatively we see ourselves. Therefore, self-esteem is the best choice for this question.

Question 3

After spending years in the ocean, a mature salmon swims up its home river to return to its birthplace. This behavior is an example of

Accepted Answer

This behavior is an example of an instinct, a genetically programmed behavior that is not learned but instead is inherited from previous generations. The instinct to return to their birthplace to spawn is a key behavior in the life cycle of many species of salmon.

Question 4

Antonio's car stalls in the middle of a railroad crossing just as a train is rapidly approaching. His emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by

Accepted Answer

When experiencing intense emotions such as fear or panic, the body's sympathetic nervous system is activated, leading to the dilation of the pupils. This allows for increased visual awareness and preparedness for potential danger. A decreased blood sugar level (choice A) and decreased respiration rate (choice B) are unlikely as the body prepares for fight or flight, which requires energy and oxygen for the muscles. Contraction of the arteries (choice C) is also unlikely as the body needs to increase blood flow to the muscles and other organs to facilitate fight or flight.

Question 5

Exuberant infants and alert, energetic adults are especially likely to show high levels of brain activity in the

Accepted Answer

The left frontal lobe is responsible for controlling positive emotions and approach behavior, which are consistent with the characteristics of exuberant infants and alert, energetic adults.

Question 6

Obese patients whose daily caloric intake was dramatically reduced lost very little of their weight. This limited weight loss was due, at least in part, to the fact that their dietary restriction led to a(n)

Accepted Answer

When obese patients have their daily caloric intake dramatically reduced, their metabolic rate slows down in order to conserve energy. This decrease in metabolic rate makes it harder for them to lose weight.

Question 7

If people who have just been aroused by watching rock videos are then insulted, their feelings of anger will be greater than those of people who have been similarly provoked but were not previously aroused. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The spillover effect refers to the transfer of arousal from one situation to another, such as arousal from watching rock videos leading to greater anger when insulted.

Question 8

Aaron is motivated to engage in risky activities simply for the sake of the thrill they give him. His motivation is best explained by

Accepted Answer

Aaron is motivated by the arousal or excitement that comes from engaging in risky activities. This aligns with the principles of arousal theory, which suggests that individuals seek out activities that will provide them with the optimal level of stimulation to achieve an ideal level of arousal.

Question 9

In one experiment, deeply-in-love university students experienced ________ when looking at their beloved's picture.

Accepted Answer

The question is specifically asking about the emotional experience of university students when looking at their beloved's picture. One of the options is "pain relief," which is a known phenomenon in which the experience of love can activate the brain's reward center and reduce feelings of physical and emotional pain. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

Question 10

The arousal that lingers after an intense argument may intensify sexual passion. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The spillover effect refers to the transfer of arousal from one situation to another, which can lead to increased passion in a sexual context. In this case, the intense argument may have left both individuals feeling emotionally charged, which could carry over into sexual arousal.

Question 11

Some emotional responses to visual stimuli appear to involve no deliberate thinking. These emotional responses are said to follow a "low-road" pathway that bypasses the

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some emotional responses to visual stimuli appear...

Question 12

Some students work hard in school to attain high grades. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

Incentives are external factors that motivate or drive individuals to pursue certain courses of action or behaviors. In this case, students' desire to attain high grades is driven by the incentive of achieving academic success, which can lead to future opportunities and benefits such as admittance into a desired college or career advancement.

Question 13

Which theory suggests that you would not experience intense anger unless you were first aware of your racing heart or other symptoms of physiological arousal?

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory suggests that emotions are based on the physical arousal and behavior that precedes it. In this case, the theory suggests that you would not experience intense anger unless you were first aware of your racing heart or other symptoms of physiological arousal.

Question 14

When asked what is most necessary for a happy and meaningful life, most people first mention the importance of satisfying their ________ needs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When asked what is most necessary for...

Question 15

Achievement motivation refers to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Achievement motivation refers to
...

Question 16

An approach to lie detection that assesses a suspect's physiological response to details of a crime known only to police investigators is called the

Accepted Answer

The approach described in the question is commonly known as the guilty knowledge test, which measures a person's physiological response to specific details of a crime or event that only a guilty person would have knowledge of, in order to determine their culpability. The other choices - the 10-year rule, Yerkes-Dodson law, and settling point - do not relate to this type of lie detection technique.

Question 17

If you mimic another person's facial expressions of emotion, you probably will feel increasing empathy for that person. This is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

The James-Lange theory proposes that emotions are a result of physiological reactions to events. Mimicking another person's facial expressions of emotion would activate the same physiological responses in yourself, leading to the experience of that emotion. This increased empathetic response supports the idea that emotions are linked to specific physiological experiences.

Question 18

Feigned smiles are initiated ________ abruptly and last for a ________ time than genuine smiles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Feigned smiles are initiated ________ abruptly and...

Question 19

The stress normally experienced by refugees is lessened by chain migration. This best illustrates the importance of ________ needs.

Accepted Answer

Chain migration provides refugees with the opportunity to reunite with family members and form social connections, thus addressing their belongingness needs.

Question 20

When Mr. Morgan misinterpreted his harmless symptoms of autonomic nervous system arousal as indicative of an impending heart attack, he suffered an unusually intense level of fear. His emotional suffering is best understood in terms of

Accepted Answer

The two-factor theory, proposed by Schachter and Singer, suggests that emotion is based on physiological arousal and a cognitive label. Mr. Morgan's misinterpretation of his symptoms as a heart attack led to an intense fear, illustrating the cognitive appraisal aspect of this theory.

Quiz 10: Motivation and Emotion