Question 1

The mother of a child participating in a research study that uses high-dose steroids wishes to withdraw her child from the study.Despite reassurance that adverse reactions to steroids in children are uncommon,the mother still wishes to withdraw.By withdrawing from the study,the mother is exercising which right?
A) Not to be harmed
B) To self-determination
C) To full disclosure
D) Of confidentiality

Accepted Answer

The mother is exercising her right to self-determination, meaning she has the right to make decisions about her child's participation in the study.

Question 2

The nurse prepares an in-service session on nursing theory prior to a study being conducted on the care area.Which phrase should the nurse use to explain nursing theory? Select all that apply.
A) Is a statement of a fact
B) Is based on observations of facts
C) Helps to find meaning in experiences
D) Serves to organize thinking around an idea
E) Is an organized set of related concepts and ideas

Accepted Answer

Nursing theory is an organized set of related concepts and ideas that helps to find meaning in experiences and serves to organize thinking around an idea. It is based on observations of facts rather than being a statement of a fact. Thus, options B, C, D, and E are the most appropriate choices for explaining nursing theory. Option A is incorrect because nursing theory is not simply a statement of fact, but rather a framework for understanding and organizing information.

Question 3

What was Hildegard Peplau's major contribution to nursing?
A) Transcultural nursing
B) Health promotion
C) Nurse-patient relationship
D) Holistic comfort

Accepted Answer

Hildegard Peplau's major contribution to nursing is the development of the nurse-patient relationship theory. Her theory focuses on the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and patient, and the role of the nurse in promoting the patient's mental health and well-being. Peplau emphasized the importance of communication, empathy, and trust in this relationship, and her theory has had a significant impact on nursing practice and education.

Question 4

A client who emigrated from India asks whether garlic can be administered through a nasogastric tube that is placed to decompress the stomach.The nurse agrees to ask the healthcare provider if this can be done.Whose nursing theory is the nurse implementing?
A) Betty Neuman
B) Dorothea Orem
C) Callista Roy
D) Madeline Leininger

Accepted Answer

Madeline Leininger's theory, known as the Transcultural Nursing Theory, emphasizes the importance of cultural competence in nursing care. By considering the client's cultural background and inquiring about the use of garlic, a culturally significant remedy, the nurse is applying principles of Leininger's theory to provide culturally sensitive care.

Question 5

The nurse wonders whether a dry dressing would be more beneficial for a particular type of wound instead of using the wet-to-damp approach.Which part of the PICOT process is the nurse defining?
A) Time
B) Outcome
C) Comparison
D) Intervention

Accepted Answer

The nurse is considering whether a dry dressing would be more beneficial compared to the wet-to-damp approach, which defines the "Comparison" part of the PICOT process.

Question 6

The PICO question reads,"Is TENS effective in the management of chronic low-back pain in adults?" Which part of this question comes from the "I" in PICO?
A) Adults
B) Management
C) Pain
D) TENS

Accepted Answer

The "I" stands for intervention, which in this case is TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation).

Question 7

Before conducting research on a group of clients,the nurse makes an appointment with the Institutional Review Board (IRB).Why did the nurse perform this action?
A) Ensure that the research is of value
B) Review the method to ensure confidentiality
C) Validate whom the subjects should contact with questions
D) Approve the statement that subjects can stop participating at any time

Accepted Answer

The answer of Before conducting research on a group of...

Question 8

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,which patient need should the nurse address first?
A) Protecting the patient against falls
B) Protecting the patient from an abusive spouse
C) Promoting rest in the critically ill patient
D) Promoting self-esteem after a body image change

Accepted Answer

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs (such as rest) must be met before addressing safety or psychological needs. Therefore, promoting rest in the critically ill patient should be the nurse's first priority.

Question 9

The nurse reviews Patricia Benner's primacy of caring model for a staff presentation.Which statement should the nurse use to explain this nursing theory?
A) Caring,in nursing,focuses on cultural competence.
B) Nursing theories describe what is and what is not nursing.
C) Caring is specific and relational for each nurse-client encounter.
D) Nursing assists a person to gain independence as quickly as possible.

Accepted Answer

Patricia Benner's primacy of caring model emphasizes that caring in nursing is specific and relational for each nurse-client encounter, meaning that the relationship between the nurse and client shapes the care that is provided. It also emphasizes the importance of empathy, compassion, and understanding the cultural context of the client. This model does not focus on cultural competence exclusively (A), nor does it describe what is and what is not nursing as a whole (B) or prioritize independence for the client (D).

Question 10

Which theorist developed the nursing theory known as the science of human caring?
A) Florence Nightingale
B) Patricia Benner
C) Jean Watson
D) Nola Pender

Accepted Answer

Jean Watson is the theorist who developed the nursing theory known as the science of human caring.

Question 11

In his later work,Maslow identified growth needs that must be met before reaching self-actualization.What do these needs include?
A) Cognitive and aesthetic needs
B) Love and belonging needs
C) Safety and security needs
D) Physiological and self-esteem needs

Accepted Answer

Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes physiological and safety needs at the bottom, followed by love and belonging needs, then self-esteem needs, and finally self-actualization needs. However, in his later work, Maslow expanded on the self-actualization stage by identifying cognitive and aesthetic needs that must be met before reaching self-actualization. These needs include a desire for knowledge, understanding, beauty, and creativity.

Question 12

After suffering an acute myocardial infarction,a patient attends cardiac rehabilitation.This will help to gradually build his exercise tolerance.According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,cardiac rehabilitation most directly addresses which need?
A) Safety and security
B) Physiological
C) Self-actualization
D) Self-esteem

Accepted Answer

Cardiac rehabilitation primarily addresses the physiological need for physical health and well-being, by helping the patient gradually build exercise tolerance and improve heart function.

Question 13

After helping a client with pain,the nurse forms a mental image of pain based on personal experience.What best describes the nurse's mental image?
A) Phenomenon
B) Concept
C) Assumption
D) Definition

Accepted Answer

A mental image of pain based on personal experience is a concept, as it is a generalized idea or understanding of a particular phenomenon. It is not an assumption, as the nurse's mental image is based on real experience, and it is not a definition, as it is not a precise, formal explanation of what pain is.

Question 14

The nurse locates a research study that addresses a particular client care problem.What should the nurse do first before implementing the suggestions in the article?
A) Apply nursing expertise.
B) Ask the manager for permission.
C) Discuss findings with the healthcare provider.
D) Locate an organizational policy to support the finding.

Accepted Answer

Before implementing any suggestions from a research study, the nurse should apply their nursing expertise to determine the appropriateness and feasibility of the recommendations. This involves critically evaluating the study and considering factors such as the patient population, resources, and organizational policies. Asking for permission from a manager, discussing findings with a healthcare provider, or locating organizational policies to support the finding may also be necessary, but they should not be the first steps taken.

Question 15

The nurse and other hospital personnel strive to keep the patient care area clean.This most directly illustrates the ideas of which nursing theorist?
A) Virginia Henderson
B) Imogene Rigdon
C) Katherine Kolcaba
D) Florence Nightingale

Accepted Answer

Florence Nightingale is known as the founder of modern nursing and her environmental theory emphasized the importance of cleanliness and fresh air in patient care areas.

Question 16

Which commonly accepted practice came out of the Framingham study?
A) Mammography in breast cancer screening
B) Colonoscopy in colon cancer screening
C) Pap testing in cervical cancer screening
D) Digital rectal examination in prostate cancer screening

Accepted Answer

The Framingham study was one of the first to establish the importance of regular mammography in breast cancer screening. It found that regular mammograms reduced mortality from breast cancer.

Question 17

A nurse researcher is designing a research project.After identifying and stating the problem,the nurse researcher clarifies the purpose of the study.Which step in the research process should be completed next?
A) Perform a literature review.
B) Develop a conceptual framework.
C) Formulate the hypothesis.
D) Define the study variables.

Accepted Answer

After identifying the problem and clarifying the purpose of the study, the next step in the research process would be to perform a literature review. This involves gathering and analyzing relevant literature and previous studies related to the research problem to better understand the topic and develop a more informed research question.

Question 18

At the conclusion of a research study,the nurse analyzes the data.What action should the nurse take next?
A) Use the findings
B) Select the problem
C) Define the problem
D) Select a research design

Accepted Answer

After analyzing the data, the nurse should use the findings to draw conclusions, make recommendations, or implement changes in practice. Selecting and defining the problem and selecting a research design are steps that precede data analysis.

Question 19

The nurse is reading a research article.In which section will the nurse locate information that explains the meaning of the study?
A) Abstract
B) Purpose
C) Conclusion
D) Research design

Accepted Answer

The Conclusion section of a research article typically explains the meaning of the study, summarizing the findings and interpreting their significance in the context of the research question or hypothesis.

Question 20

While reading a journal article,the nurse asks herself these questions: "What is this about overall? Is it true in whole or in part? Does it matter to my practice?" What is this nurse doing?
A) Reading the article analytically
B) Performing a literature review
C) Formulating a searchable question
D) Determining the soundness of the article

Accepted Answer

The nurse is reading the article analytically, evaluating the content of the article by asking questions about its overall meaning, accuracy, and relevance to their practice.

Quiz 8: Theory,research, Evidence-Based Practice

The nurse prepares an in-service session on nursing theory prior to a study being conducted on the care area.Which phrase should the nurse use to explain nursing theory? Select all that apply.

What was Hildegard Peplau's major contribution to nursing?

A client who emigrated from India asks whether garlic can be administered through a nasogastric tube that is placed to decompress the stomach.The nurse agrees to ask the healthcare provider if this can be done.Whose nursing theory is the nurse implementing?

The nurse wonders whether a dry dressing would be more beneficial for a particular type of wound instead of using the wet-to-damp approach.Which part of the PICOT process is the nurse defining?

The PICO question reads,"Is TENS effective in the management of chronic low-back pain in adults?" Which part of this question comes from the "I" in PICO?

Before conducting research on a group of clients,the nurse makes an appointment with the Institutional Review Board (IRB) .Why did the nurse perform this action?

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,which patient need should the nurse address first?

The nurse reviews Patricia Benner's primacy of caring model for a staff presentation.Which statement should the nurse use to explain this nursing theory?

Which theorist developed the nursing theory known as the science of human caring?

In his later work,Maslow identified growth needs that must be met before reaching self-actualization.What do these needs include?

After suffering an acute myocardial infarction,a patient attends cardiac rehabilitation.This will help to gradually build his exercise tolerance.According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs,cardiac rehabilitation most directly addresses which need?

After helping a client with pain,the nurse forms a mental image of pain based on personal experience.What best describes the nurse's mental image?

The nurse locates a research study that addresses a particular client care problem.What should the nurse do first before implementing the suggestions in the article?

The nurse and other hospital personnel strive to keep the patient care area clean.This most directly illustrates the ideas of which nursing theorist?

Which commonly accepted practice came out of the Framingham study?

A nurse researcher is designing a research project.After identifying and stating the problem,the nurse researcher clarifies the purpose of the study.Which step in the research process should be completed next?

At the conclusion of a research study,the nurse analyzes the data.What action should the nurse take next?

The nurse is reading a research article.In which section will the nurse locate information that explains the meaning of the study?

While reading a journal article,the nurse asks herself these questions: "What is this about overall? Is it true in whole or in part? Does it matter to my practice?" What is this nurse doing?