Question 1

While driving home,the car in front of you starts driving dangerously,so you concentrate on watching it.When you arrive home,you realize that you cannot remember anything from your drive home other than that car.Your memory is most likely due to the fact that we do not remember information
A) that is very complex.
B) that exceeds the capacity of sensory storage.
C) that has two or more visual features.
D) to which we do not pay attention.

Accepted Answer

The scenario suggests that the individual's attention was focused on the car in front of them, which means they were not paying attention to other details of their drive home. Therefore, the memory loss is likely due to not paying attention to the surroundings and information that did not stand out.

Question 2

Filter theory helps explain all of the following memory phenomena EXCEPT
A) how we are "blind" to large changes in what happens around us.
B) how we selectively attend to important information.
C) why we tend to process personally irrelevant information.
D) the ability to shadow words heard in one ear.

Accepted Answer

Filter theory primarily explains how we selectively attend to important information and ignore irrelevant stimuli. It does not explain why we might process personally irrelevant information, as this would contradict the theory's main premise of filtering out unimportant data.

Question 3

The three phases of memory include (1)changing external information into a neural code,(2)retaining the information,and (3)accessing it later on.In this order,these three memory steps are
A) (1) input, (2) storage, and (3) retrieval.
B) (1) encoding, (2) storage, and (3) retrieval.
C) (1) encoding, (2) processing, and (3) output.
D) (1) input, (2) processing, and (3) output.

Accepted Answer

The three phases of memory are (1) encoding, (2) storage, and (3) retrieval. First, external information is encoded into neural code, then it is stored, and finally, it can be accessed or retrieved later on. Option B correctly represents these three phases. Option A is incorrect as "input" is not a phase of memory. Option C is incorrect as "processing" is not a clear representation of the storage phase. Option D is incorrect as "output" is not a clear representation of the retrieval phase.

Question 4

In an experiment,you are asked to memorize a list of 30 words.At first,this seems like a challenging task.Then you remember that you can hold more words in short-term storage if you
A) expand the capacity of your sensory storage.
B) recall the word list an hour after you finish the experiment.
C) group words together in meaningful ways.
D) avoid using attention processes for working memory.

Accepted Answer

Grouping words together in meaningful ways, also known as chunking, can increase the capacity of working memory. By organizing the words into related groups or categories, they become easier to remember as a unit, rather than as individual items. This strategy is often used by students when studying for exams or by professionals trying to remember important information. The other options are not effective strategies for increasing the capacity of working memory. Expanding sensory storage is not relevant to this task, recalling the word list an hour later is not helpful for immediate memorization, and avoiding attention processes would likely harm memory performance.

Question 5

Lisa is driving to school when she sees a yellow traffic light ahead of her.According to the three-part memory storage system,Lisa will first maintain information about the yellow light in her
A) working memory.
B) short-term storage.
C) long-term storage.
D) sensory storage.

Accepted Answer

Sensory storage is the initial stage of memory where sensory information is stored for a very short period of time, allowing Lisa to initially perceive the yellow light.

Question 6

Every day Manuel buys coffee from the same woman on the way to work.Even though he always sees her,when a friend asks,he cannot remember the color of her hair.Manual most likely experienced a problem in the ________ process of memory.
A) storage
B) encoding
C) retrieval
D) attention

Accepted Answer

The answer of Every day Manuel buys coffee from the...

Question 7

Liora is reading her textbook.As her eyes scan the page,each visual image is retained for less than a second in her
A) working memory.
B) short-term storage.
C) episodic memory.
D) sensory storage.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory holds information from the senses for a very brief period of time, usually less than a second. Therefore, Liora's visual images are stored in her sensory memory as she reads her textbook.

Question 8

Chris is looking for his friend in a crowd of people at a concert.As he scans the crowd,he often blinks but still retains a brief visual image of many of the faces in the crowd for a very brief time.Chris is able to maintain this visual information due to the function of his
A) short-term storage.
B) working memory.
C) sensory storage.
D) long-term storage.

Accepted Answer

Sensory storage refers to the brief retention of sensory information, such as visual images or sounds, before it is transferred to short-term memory or forgotten. Chris's brief visual image of the faces he sees is an example of sensory storage, as he retains this information momentarily before scanning the crowd for his friend. Short-term memory, working memory, and long-term memory are all related to the processing and retention of information in different ways, but they all rely on sensory storage as the initial step in memory processing. Therefore, C) sensory storage is the best answer.

Question 9

Short-term storage has a(n)
A) limited capacity.
B) unlimited capacity.
C) duration of up to a day.
D) unlimited duration.

Accepted Answer

Short-term storage, also known as working memory, has a limited capacity, meaning it can only hold a certain amount of information at once.

Question 10

After reading your textbook,you are able to maintain the bold,key words in coded representations in a network of neurons in your brain.In memory,this process is called
A) retrieval.
B) attention.
C) encoding.
D) storage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After reading your textbook,you are able to...

Question 11

You are paying close attention to the basketball game on the TV.Suddenly,you are distracted by your roommate talking to someone on the phone about the upcoming psychology exam in the class you both take.This conversation most likely captured your attention because it
A) required fewer mental processes.
B) was loud.
C) was personally important.
D) did not require shadowing.

Accepted Answer

The conversation about the upcoming psychology exam was about a topic that was personally important to the listener, as they were also taking the same class. This would naturally capture their attention, even if they were initially focused on the basketball game.

Question 12

Professor Smith refuses to learn his students' names because he believes the names will take up space in his memory that he needs to store research-related information.Professor Smith's belief about his memory is INCORRECT because
A) research-related information is stored in semantic memory.
B) the students' names are maintained in short-term storage.
C) long-term storage holds unlimited amounts of information.
D) working memory allows him to continually maintain both sets of information.

Accepted Answer

Long-term storage has practically no limit in terms of the amount of information that can be stored, so Professor Smith can learn his students' names without compromising his ability to store research-related information. Research-related information is likely stored in semantic memory, which is a long-term memory store. The students' names may initially be held in short-term storage, but they are easily moved into long-term storage with proper attention and repetition. Working memory, while limited in capacity, allows individuals to maintain and manipulate information in the short term.

Question 13

When you are reading your textbook,your brain changes the words you are reading into a meaningful neural code that it can use.In memory,this process is called
A) encoding.
B) storage.
C) retrieval.
D) attention.

Accepted Answer

Encoding is the process by which information is converted into a neural code that can be stored in memory. When reading a textbook, the brain must encode the words into a meaningful representation in order to remember the information later. Storage refers to the retention of information in memory, retrieval refers to the process of accessing stored information, and attention refers to the ability to focus on a particular stimulus or task. While all of these processes are involved in reading and learning, encoding is specifically related to the initial transformation of information into a usable memory trace.

Question 14

Kumar is trying to remember the name of his psychology professor from last semester.To answer this question,Kumar must search for information in his
A) sensory storage.
B) short-term storage.
C) working memory.
D) long-term storage.

Accepted Answer

Kumar is trying to remember something from his past, which would require accessing long-term storage.

Question 15

In memory,the storage phase of information processing lasts
A) a fraction of a second.
B) several seconds.
C) several minutes.
D) variable amounts of time.

Accepted Answer

The storage phase of information processing is variable and can range from seconds to years depending on the information being processed and the individual's ability to remember it. Factors such as attention, meaning, and repetition can also affect how long information is stored in memory.

Question 16

To remember her nine-digit Social Security number,Alyssa uses her working memory to place the numbers into three groups.In addition,each group of three or four digits is easy to remember because it is meaningful.Alyssa has made her Social Security number easier to remember by using
A) retrieval cues.
B) chunking.
C) the primacy effect.
D) maintenance rehearsal.

Accepted Answer

Alyssa has used chunking to remember her Social Security number. Chunking is a memory technique that involves grouping information into smaller, more meaningful units to make it easier to remember. By grouping the numbers into three groups and giving each group meaning, Alyssa has made her Social Security number more memorable.

Question 17

You just taught your dog to roll over whenever you say "Play dead!" If your dog forms a memory about how to do this trick on command it will be because his brain
A) encoded the auditory information about the command.
B) created a mental video recording of how to do the trick.
C) stored the information about how to twist his body to roll over.
D) acquired the information and retained it so that it could access it later on.

Accepted Answer

The dog's brain acquired the information (the command and the action) and retained it, allowing the dog to access and perform the trick later when prompted.

Question 18

Memory is an imperfect record of everything we see and experience primarily because our
A) sensory storage does not last long enough.
B) long-term storage is too small.
C) ability to direct attention is limited.
D) brains' networks of neurons change over time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Memory is an imperfect record of everything...

Question 19

Marianna takes the bus to school every day.One morning,a different bus is used on her route.Marianna does not notice the switch,even though her usual bus is blue and the new bus is red.Marianna most likely did not notice the different bus due to
A) shadowing.
B) change blindness.
C) high memory bias.
D) low capacity of sensory storage.

Accepted Answer

Marianna did not notice the different bus due to change blindness, which is the phenomenon of failing to detect changes in an environment or situation due to limitations in attention and working memory. This can occur even when the change is relatively obvious, such as a different color bus. Shadowing refers to the process of repeating auditory information to maintain attention, which is not relevant in this scenario. Memory bias and sensory storage capacity are also not directly related to Marianna's failure to notice the different bus.

Question 20

In history class,Kuo takes notes on a laptop.However,by doing this,she misses important details and performs poorly on exams.When she asks her instructor for advice,she is most likely to be told to
A) record each lecture on a smartphone.
B) sit near other students with computers.
C) watch YouTube videos during class.
D) begin taking notes by hand.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that taking notes by hand is more effective for retention and understanding of information compared to typing on a laptop. By writing notes by hand, Kuo may be able to better process and summarize the information presented in class, leading to better performance on exams.

Quiz 7: Memory

While driving home,the car in front of you starts driving dangerously,so you concentrate on watching it.When you arrive home,you realize that you cannot remember anything from your drive home other than that car.Your memory is most likely due to the fact that we do not remember information

Filter theory helps explain all of the following memory phenomena EXCEPT

The three phases of memory include (1) changing external information into a neural code,(2) retaining the information,and (3) accessing it later on.In this order,these three memory steps are

In an experiment,you are asked to memorize a list of 30 words.At first,this seems like a challenging task.Then you remember that you can hold more words in short-term storage if you

Lisa is driving to school when she sees a yellow traffic light ahead of her.According to the three-part memory storage system,Lisa will first maintain information about the yellow light in her

Every day Manuel buys coffee from the same woman on the way to work.Even though he always sees her,when a friend asks,he cannot remember the color of her hair.Manual most likely experienced a problem in the ________ process of memory.

Liora is reading her textbook.As her eyes scan the page,each visual image is retained for less than a second in her

Chris is looking for his friend in a crowd of people at a concert.As he scans the crowd,he often blinks but still retains a brief visual image of many of the faces in the crowd for a very brief time.Chris is able to maintain this visual information due to the function of his

Short-term storage has a(n)

After reading your textbook,you are able to maintain the bold,key words in coded representations in a network of neurons in your brain.In memory,this process is called

You are paying close attention to the basketball game on the TV.Suddenly,you are distracted by your roommate talking to someone on the phone about the upcoming psychology exam in the class you both take.This conversation most likely captured your attention because it

Professor Smith refuses to learn his students' names because he believes the names will take up space in his memory that he needs to store research-related information.Professor Smith's belief about his memory is INCORRECT because

When you are reading your textbook,your brain changes the words you are reading into a meaningful neural code that it can use.In memory,this process is called

Kumar is trying to remember the name of his psychology professor from last semester.To answer this question,Kumar must search for information in his

In memory,the storage phase of information processing lasts

To remember her nine-digit Social Security number,Alyssa uses her working memory to place the numbers into three groups.In addition,each group of three or four digits is easy to remember because it is meaningful.Alyssa has made her Social Security number easier to remember by using

You just taught your dog to roll over whenever you say "Play dead!" If your dog forms a memory about how to do this trick on command it will be because his brain

Memory is an imperfect record of everything we see and experience primarily because our

Marianna takes the bus to school every day.One morning,a different bus is used on her route.Marianna does not notice the switch,even though her usual bus is blue and the new bus is red.Marianna most likely did not notice the different bus due to

In history class,Kuo takes notes on a laptop.However,by doing this,she misses important details and performs poorly on exams.When she asks her instructor for advice,she is most likely to be told to