Question 1

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, analytic intelligence involves the ability to adapt to the environment and reflects street smarts.

Accepted Answer

Analytic intelligence in Sternberg's theory involves the ability to analyze, evaluate, and judge information, and to solve problems using logical reasoning. It is not specifically related to adapting to the environment or street smarts.

Question 2

According to Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence, a talented musician would probably also have high scores on tests of linguistic and intrapersonal intelligence because of the interdependence of multiple intelligences.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences suggests that different types of intelligence are independent of each other, meaning a talented musician may not necessarily have high linguistic or intrapersonal intelligence.

Question 3

According to the In Focus box on neurodiversity, mental retardation is a condition in which an individual's IQ score is 70 or below.

Accepted Answer

According to the In Focus box on neurodiversity, mental retardation is defined as a condition in which an individual's IQ score is 70 or below.

Question 4

The hallmarks of autism spectrum disorder, according to the In Focus box on neurodiversity, are problems with communication and with social interactions with others.

Accepted Answer

The In Focus box on neurodiversity states that the hallmarks of autism spectrum disorder are problems with communication and social interactions with others.

Question 5

Herman does not respond to attempts at social interaction. He also engages in repetitive or odd motor behaviors and has a few restricted routines and interests on which he focuses. According to the In Focus box on neurodiversity, Herman has symptoms of a disorder called autism spectrum disorder.

Accepted Answer

The description provided of Herman's behavior is consistent with the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, as mentioned in the In Focus box on neurodiversity.

Question 6

As the Chapter 7 Prologue discusses, Tom has been diagnosed with a mild form of autism spectrum disorder. According to the In Focus box on neurodiversity, Tom is likely to show normal, even advanced language development, to have narrow interests and inflexible behavior, and, by definition, to have an IQ in the normal to above-average level.

Accepted Answer

The In Focus box on neurodiversity describes characteristics commonly associated with autism spectrum disorder, including normal or advanced language development, narrow interests, inflexible behavior, and normal to above-average IQ. Therefore, it is likely that Tom, who has been diagnosed with a mild form of autism spectrum disorder, exhibits these traits.

Question 7

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, one of the distinct intelligences is the ability to understand one's own emotions, motives, and intentions.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences includes intrapersonal intelligence, which is the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.

Question 8

Louis Thurstone believed that people have three primary mental abilities, which he referred to as multiple intelligences.

Accepted Answer

Louis Thurstone proposed the theory of primary mental abilities, which includes seven distinct factors, not three, and is different from Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.

Question 9

Intelligence theorist Louis Thurstone disagreed with Spearman's notion that intelligence is a single, general mental capacity.

Accepted Answer

Thurstone instead proposed that intelligence is made up of multiple distinct abilities, or "primary mental abilities," such as spatial visualization, verbal comprehension, and numerical reasoning.

Question 10

According to the In Focus box on neurodiversity, about 10 percent of autistic people are autistic savants who have some extraordinary talent or ability in math, music, or art.

Accepted Answer

The In Focus box on neurodiversity states that about 10 percent of autistic people are autistic savants with exceptional talents in areas like math, music, or art.

Question 11

People diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder are likely to have communication problems, be unresponsive to social interactions, engage in repetitive or odd motor behaviors, and have restricted routines and interests.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. These symptoms are commonly associated with autism spectrum disorder.

Question 12

Philip, who displays the hallmark characteristics of autism spectrum disorder, is likely to have a high level of mathematical skills and a low score on the Raven's Progressive Matrices test.

Accepted Answer

Although individuals with autism spectrum disorder may have strong abilities in certain areas, such as mathematics, there is no clear correlation between ASD and performance on cognitive tests like the Raven's Progressive Matrices. Each individual with ASD is unique and may have different strengths and weaknesses.

Question 13

As In Focus box on neurodiversity discusses, Dawson's study using the Raven's Progressive Matrices test and Wechsler's intelligence test (WISC) showed that, on average, autistic children scored fully 30 percentile points higher on the Raven's test than they did on Wechsler's intelligence test.

Accepted Answer

This statement accurately summarizes the findings of Dawson's study on autistic children's intelligence test scores.

Question 14

Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence states that there are three forms of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence proposes that there are three forms of intelligence: analytic intelligence, creative intelligence, and practical intelligence.

Question 15

The In Focus box on neurodiversity presents information on the idea of neurodiversity and notes that people with a mild form of autism spectrum disorder typically show abnormal and slow language development, have narrow interests and inflexible behavior, and, by definition, have an IQ of 70 or below.

Accepted Answer

The statement is incorrect. People with a mild form of autism spectrum disorder may have some difficulties with language development, but they do not typically have an IQ of 70 or below. The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder does not include a specific IQ score. Additionally, while individuals with autism may have narrow interests and difficulties with flexibility, these traits are not universal and may vary from person to person. The concept of neurodiversity emphasizes that neurological differences, including those associated with autism, should be accepted and celebrated as a normal variation in human functioning, rather than pathologized.

Question 16

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, analytic intelligence refers to the mental processes used in learning how to solve problems.

Accepted Answer

Analytic intelligence is one of the three types of intelligence in Sternberg's theory, and it specifically refers to the mental processes involved in problem-solving, planning, decision-making, and other cognitive activities that require analytical thinking.

Question 17

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, practical intelligence refers to the mental processes used in learning how to solve problems.

Accepted Answer

Practical intelligence in Sternberg's triarchic theory refers to the ability to adapt to, shape, and select environments to accomplish one's goals, not just problem-solving.

Question 18

In developing his theory of multiple intelligences, psychologist Howard Gardner randomly selected over 3,000 people who were listed in Who's Who in America and studied the traits and abilities they displayed.

Accepted Answer

Howard Gardner did not randomly select over 3,000 people who were listed in Who's Who in America. Instead, he conducted research across different cultures and disciplines to identify and categorize different types of intelligence.

Question 19

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, creative intelligence refers to the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge.

Accepted Answer

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, creative intelligence involves the ability to generate novel and useful ideas, adapt to new situations, and solve problems in creative ways. This includes using existing skills and knowledge, but also involves the ability to think outside the box and come up with unconventional solutions.

Question 20

Howard Gardner is a contemporary American psychologist whose theory of intelligence states that there is not one intelligence but multiple intelligences, the importance of each being determined by cultural values.

Accepted Answer

This is correct. Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences asserts that there are eight distinct intelligences, each with their own cognitive abilities and set of skills. Gardner argues that IQ tests and other measures of intelligence only capture a narrow range of abilities and that people have different strengths and weaknesses across these different intelligences. The importance of each intelligence, according to Gardner, can vary across cultural contexts.

Quiz 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence