Question 1

What is a sign of autism spectrum disorder?

Accepted Answer

Impaired social responses, such as difficulty with social interaction and communication, are a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder. Cooperative play, early language proficiency, and intelligence level do not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of autism.

Question 2

A child can have autistic symptoms for many reasons. This reflects the developmental principle of _____.

Accepted Answer

Multifinality refers to the idea that a single outcome can be caused by multiple factors. In the case of autism, this means that a child can have autistic symptoms for many reasons, such as genetic factors, environmental factors, or a combination of both.

Question 3

Children who are diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder can vary in the type and range of symptoms they display, but all children with an autism spectrum disorder have _____.

Accepted Answer

All children with an autism spectrum disorder have difficulty understanding emotions, which is a core characteristic of the disorder, affecting their social interactions and communication.

Question 4

Historically, children who were identified as gifted and talented were taught with children of the same mental age, not their chronological age. This practice was called _____, but it is seldom used today.

Accepted Answer

The practice of teaching gifted and talented children with children of the same mental age, not their chronological age, is called acceleration. Mainstreaming and inclusion refer to teaching children with disabilities in regular classrooms. Response to intervention is a multi-tiered approach to identifying and supporting struggling students.

Question 5

Krista seemed to be struggling academically in her fourth-grade class. After a battery of tests it was determined that Krista had special needs. School professionals met with Krista's parents to discuss specific educational goals for Krista. What the school professionals and Krista's parents created was Krista's _____.

Accepted Answer

An IEP (Individualized Education Plan) is a written document created for students with special needs that outlines their unique educational goals, accommodations, and services. It is created through a collaborative process between school professionals and the student's parents or guardians. While the other options (IFSP, LRE, and RTI) are also terms used in special education, they do not directly relate to the creation of an individualized plan for a specific student.

Question 6

_____ attention is the ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ attention is the ability to concentrate...

Question 7

_____ is considered to be a specific type of autism spectrum disorder.

Accepted Answer

Asperger syndrome is considered to be a specific type of autism spectrum disorder, characterized by difficulties with social interaction, communication, and repetitive or restricted behaviors and interests. Dyscalculia refers to a specific learning disability in mathematics, while mental retardation is an outdated term for intellectual disability. Comorbid refers to the presence of more than one condition or disorder in an individual.

Question 8

Each state in the U.S. selects and educates gifted and talented students. Across the country _____.

Accepted Answer

Each state has its own policies and procedures for identifying, selecting, and educating gifted and talented students. While there may be some common criteria for identification of giftedness, the specific selection and education process differs from state to state. Therefore, option D best reflects the diversity of selection and education processes across states.

Question 9

A document for children with special needs that specifies their educational goals is known as a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

An IEP (Individualized Education Program) is a legal document that outlines the educational goals and accommodations for students with special needs. It is developed by a team of professionals, parents or guardians, and the student (when appropriate) and is reviewed and updated annually. Option B (IFSP) is similar to an IEP but is used for children from birth to three years old who receive early intervention services. Option C (LRE) stands for Least Restrictive Environment and refers to the educational placement that provides a student with disabilities the most access to general education while still receiving necessary accommodations and services. Option D (RTI) stands for Response to Intervention and is a framework used in some schools to identify and provide early intervention for students who are struggling academically or behaviorally.

Question 10

What is the latest educational strategy in the United States for children who are below average in achievement to receive special help?

Accepted Answer

Response to Intervention (RTI) is the latest educational strategy in the United States for children who are below average in achievement to receive special help. It involves a tiered approach where students are first provided evidence-based interventions in the general education classroom and progress is monitored. If they continue to struggle, they move on to more intensive interventions and may eventually be referred for special education services. Mainstreaming and inclusion refer to the integration of students with disabilities into general education classrooms, and resource rooms are special education classrooms where students receive additional support. None of these specifically address the needs of students who are below average in achievement.

Question 11

Allen is 3 years old. He ignores people when they are in the room, and if people speak to him he does not make eye contact. He also will not initiate communication, but rather just repeats what someone has said. Finally, Allen plays with a spinning top for hours. He just spins it, watches it, and when it stops spins it again. Allen may be showing signs of _____.

Accepted Answer

Allen's lack of communication, social interaction, and repetitive behavior suggest he may be showing signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Question 12

Most children with autism spectrum disorder show signs in _____.

Accepted Answer

Most children with autism spectrum disorder show signs in infancy, such as delayed babbling, lack of response to name, and a reduced interest in social interactions.

Question 13

Which statement about treatment for autism is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

No biochemical treatment has been found to be completely successful for treating autism. While some medications can help manage symptoms such as aggression and hyperactivity, there is no cure or one-size-fits-all treatment for autism. Hyperbaric treatments have not been proven to be effective and can be harmful, and there is no scientific evidence linking vaccinations to autism. Risperidone may help manage certain behaviors in some individuals with autism, but it does not cure the condition.

Question 14

In the United States, about ____ percent of children saw a dentist for preventive care in the previous year.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the United States, about ____ percent...

Question 15

Milo and Trip are brothers. Milo is 5 and Trip is 10. When playing baseball, Trip is able to swing the bat faster and is quicker to move toward a ball that is hit into the yard. Trip has a faster _____ time than Milo.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Milo and Trip are brothers. Milo is...

Question 16

Mariangela has dyslexia. Mariangela is taught in the regular classroom, where she has her own reading tutor for part of the day. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

Inclusion refers to the practice of educating students with disabilities in general education classrooms alongside peers without disabilities. This scenario depicts Mariangela being taught in a regular classroom and having a reading tutor which suggests that she is receiving support within the inclusive setting during the school day. Option A is incorrect because Autism Spectrum Disorder is a specific neurodevelopmental disorder and not related to Mariangela's case. Option B, a resource room, refers to a separate classroom where students with disabilities can receive specialized instruction and is inconsistent with the scenario described. Option D, indoctrination, is not a relevant concept in this scenario.

Question 17

Genetics and environmental factors safeguard _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genetics and environmental factors safeguard _____....

Question 18

In 1975 the Education of All Handicapped Children Act stipulated that children with special needs must be educated in the _____.

Accepted Answer

The least restrictive environment (LRE) is the educational setting where students with disabilities can make the most progress without being excluded from the general education environment. The Education of All Handicapped Children Act (now called the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act) requires that children with special needs be educated in the least restrictive environment. This means that students with disabilities should be educated with their non-disabled peers to the greatest extent possible while still receiving the support and accommodations necessary for them to make progress. The other options are possible educational settings for students with disabilities, but the requirement for the LRE is the most specific and accurate answer.

Question 19

Seamus is very talented at drawing and obsessive about details when drawing pictures. His speech is close to normal, but he tends to shy away from other children and is awkward when trying to relate to others. Which diagnosis would BEST fit Seamus's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Seamus's talent in drawing and obsession with details are common characteristics in individuals with Asperger syndrome. Additionally, his difficulty in social interaction is also a common symptom of this neurodevelopmental disorder. Compulsive disorder and ADHD do not fully capture the range of symptoms exhibited by Seamus. Dyslexia, on the other hand, is a learning disorder and does not have a direct connection to the symptoms described.

Question 20

One method of educating gifted and talented students that has become popular in the United States is _____.

Accepted Answer

Educating all gifted and talented children of the same age together allows for a challenging and supportive environment in which they can learn and grow together. This method also allows for socialization and collaboration with peers who share similar abilities and interests. Segregating students by their gifts and talents to form mixed-age groups can create gaps in developmental and social experiences. Intense parental tutoring and homeschooling may restrict a child's exposure to diverse perspectives, experiences, and opportunities.

Quiz 11: Middle Childhood: Biosocial Development