Question 1

The intrinsic rewards of work often result in less absenteeism and job change.

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic rewards, such as job satisfaction and feeling a sense of purpose, can lead to higher levels of engagement and commitment to one's job, reducing the likelihood of absenteeism and job turnover.

Question 2

As adults grow older, job changes become less stressful.

Accepted Answer

As adults grow older, job changes can still be stressful due to factors like financial responsibilities, adapting to new environments, and potential age-related biases in the workplace.

Question 3

Susan's grandmother, at age 80, is engaged in the personal journey of connecting her life with the historical and cultural purpose of human society. The grandmother is in which of Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages?
A) identity versus role confusion
B) industry versus inferiority
C) generativity versus stagnation
D) integrity versus despair

Accepted Answer

According to Erik Erikson's theory, the psychosocial stage that aligns with an individual in their 80s is integrity versus despair. This stage deals with reviewing one's life and accomplishments and accepting the course of one's life. The individual in this stage may also come to terms with their mortality and reflect on their legacy. Therefore, Susan's grandmother, who is in her 80s and engaged in connecting her life with the historical and cultural purpose of human society, is likely in the integrity versus despair phase.

Question 4

Most kinkeepers are middle-aged women.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the majority of kinkeepers, who are individuals who take the responsibility of coordinating family events, maintaining family ties, and providing emotional support, are middle-aged women.

Question 5

According to Erik Erikson, when individuals are productive in an unselfish and caring way, they are demonstrating _____.
A) autonomy
B) generativity
C) diffusion
D) altruism

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that the seventh stage of psychosocial development, occurring in middle adulthood, is characterized by the conflict between generativity (being productive in an unselfish and caring way, such as through parenting, mentoring, or contributing to society) and stagnation (feeling uninvolved and unproductive). Therefore, when individuals are productive in an unselfish and caring way, they are demonstrating generativity.

Question 6

Although Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development are sequential, the search for identity that begins in the stage of identity versus role confusion _____.
A) is ongoing throughout adulthood
B) ends with the stage of intimacy versus isolation
C) ends with the stage of generativity versus stagnation
D) comes to fruition only after the stage of integrity versus despair

Accepted Answer

The search for identity is ongoing throughout adulthood, not just limited to the stage of identity versus role confusion. Erikson believed that individuals continue to build and shape their identity throughout their entire lives, with each new experience potentially adding to or modifying their sense of self. Therefore, option A is the best choice.

Question 7

Micro-aggressions may go unnoticed by those in the majority.

Accepted Answer

Micro-aggressions are often subtle and possibly unintentional actions or statements that perpetuate stereotypes and discrimination towards marginalized groups. Those in the majority may not be aware of how their actions or statements can harm individuals in these groups.

Question 8

_____ developed the theory of humanism.
A) Erik Erikson
B) Albert Bandura
C) Sigmund Freud
D) Abraham Maslow

Accepted Answer

Abraham Maslow is credited with developing the theory of humanism, which emphasizes the importance of individual growth and self-actualization in human development. Erik Erikson, Albert Bandura, and Sigmund Freud developed other prominent theories in the field of psychology, but not specifically related to humanism.

Question 9

Today's workers change jobs more often than did workers of the past, because hiring and firing occur more often.

Accepted Answer

With increased globalization and technology, companies have become more agile and adaptable. As a result, they are more likely to hire and fire employees to remain competitive. This has led to an increase in job mobility among workers as they seek new opportunities and adapt to changing work environments.

Question 10

How many stages of development does Abraham Maslow describe?
A) three
B) five
C) seven
D) nine

Accepted Answer

Abraham Maslow describes five stages of development in his theory of human motivation, also known as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. These stages are: physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs.

Question 11

Because Dorothea is caring for her teenage children and her elderly parents, she is a member of the "sandwich generation."

Accepted Answer

The statement correctly defines the sandwich generation, which refers to individuals who are responsible for caring for both their aging parents and their own children.

Question 12

Raises and bonuses at work do not seem to increase employee motivation.

Accepted Answer

Raises and bonuses can increase employee motivation by providing financial incentives and recognition for their work, although the effect may vary depending on individual preferences and workplace culture.

Question 13

Which is one of Erik Erikson's stages of adulthood?
A) trust versus mistrust
B) initiative versus guilt
C) generativity versus stagnation
D) industry versus inferiority

Accepted Answer

Generativity versus stagnation is one of Erikson's stages of adulthood, which occurs in middle adulthood between the ages of 40 and 65. During this stage, individuals strive to make a positive impact on society and future generations, often through their work or involvement in their community. Stagnation can occur if individuals become self-centered and lack a sense of purpose or fulfillment.

Question 14

Extrinsic rewards of work include pride in a job well done and friendship at the workplace.

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic rewards refer to tangible benefits such as salary, bonuses, and other incentives, whereas pride in a job well done and friendship at the workplace are examples of intrinsic rewards.

Question 15

According to Erik Erikson, the developmental crisis that occurs after intimacy versus isolation is _____.
A) initiative versus guilt
B) identity versus role confusion
C) generativity versus stagnation
D) integrity versus despair

Accepted Answer

After resolving the conflict of intimacy versus isolation, an individual enters the stage of middle adulthood, during which they face the crisis of generativity versus stagnation. This stage involves finding meaning in one's life through contributing to society and future generations or becoming stagnant and feeling unproductive.

Question 16

The psychoanalytic theorist who proposes four psychosocial stages of adulthood is _____.
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Erik Erikson
C) B. F. Skinner
D) Lev Vygotsky

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson proposed eight psychosocial stages which includes four stages of adulthood - intimacy vs. isolation, generativity vs. stagnation, ego integrity vs. despair, and identity vs. role confusion. Sigmund Freud is known for the psychosexual stages of development, B.F. Skinner for behaviorism theory, and Lev Vygotsky for sociocultural theory.

Question 17

Weekend work, especially with mandatory overtime, is particularly difficult for father-child relationships.

Accepted Answer

Weekend work with mandatory overtime can lead to less time spent with family, especially for fathers who may already have limited time with their children during the workweek. This can strain father-child relationships and create difficulties in bonding and maintaining a strong connection.

Question 18

Common ways to be generative include caregiving, employment, and _____.
A) goal-setting exercises
B) financial security
C) parenthood
D) travel

Accepted Answer

Caregiving and employment can be generative, but they are not always applicable to everyone. Parenthood, on the other hand, is a significant way to be generative for many individuals, as it involves nurturing and guiding the next generation. Goal-setting exercises and travel alone do not necessarily fall under the category of being generative. Financial security can contribute to generativity but is not a way to be generative itself.

Question 19

According to Erik Erikson, an adult's failure to achieve generativity results in _____.
A) intermittent feelings of loneliness
B) stagnation and personal impoverishment
C) childlessness and depression
D) difficulties in mate selection or friendship

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, generativity is the concern for establishing and guiding the next generation. If an adult fails to achieve generativity, they may experience stagnation, meaning they feel unproductive, stagnant, and without purpose, resulting in personal impoverishment.

Question 20

Although it may be painful if they are later separated, a loving bond is best for both foster parents and foster children.

Accepted Answer

A loving bond between foster parents and foster children can provide a stable and nurturing environment for the child's development. Even if it is painful when they are separated, the positive impact of such a relationship can last a lifetime.

Quiz 22: Adulthood: Psychosocial Development

The intrinsic rewards of work often result in less absenteeism and job change.

As adults grow older, job changes become less stressful.

Susan's grandmother, at age 80, is engaged in the personal journey of connecting her life with the historical and cultural purpose of human society. The grandmother is in which of Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages?

Most kinkeepers are middle-aged women.

According to Erik Erikson, when individuals are productive in an unselfish and caring way, they are demonstrating _____.

Although Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development are sequential, the search for identity that begins in the stage of identity versus role confusion _____.

Micro-aggressions may go unnoticed by those in the majority.

_____ developed the theory of humanism.

Today's workers change jobs more often than did workers of the past, because hiring and firing occur more often.

How many stages of development does Abraham Maslow describe?

Because Dorothea is caring for her teenage children and her elderly parents, she is a member of the "sandwich generation."

Raises and bonuses at work do not seem to increase employee motivation.

Which is one of Erik Erikson's stages of adulthood?

Extrinsic rewards of work include pride in a job well done and friendship at the workplace.

According to Erik Erikson, the developmental crisis that occurs after intimacy versus isolation is _____.

The psychoanalytic theorist who proposes four psychosocial stages of adulthood is _____.

Weekend work, especially with mandatory overtime, is particularly difficult for father-child relationships.

Common ways to be generative include caregiving, employment, and _____.

According to Erik Erikson, an adult's failure to achieve generativity results in _____.

Although it may be painful if they are later separated, a loving bond is best for both foster parents and foster children.