Question 1

If you grew up in a household with a brother who was morbidly shy,you might have a different belief about a man you meet who avoids dating women than a person who grew up in a household with a brother who was gay.This difference in interpretation is due to differences in your and the other person's

Accepted Answer

Chronic accessibility refers to how readily available certain schemas are in a person's mind due to their experiences and upbringing. In this case, the person who grew up with a gay brother may have a more accessible schema for gay men, while the person who grew up with a shy brother may have a more accessible schema for shy men. This can lead to different interpretations of men who avoid dating women.

Question 2

Alice goes to see a rerun of Jaws (a movie about a vicious shark)a few days before she takes off to Florida on spring break.On break,she finds that she is now too nervous to spend much time actually in the water,since she is convinced that anything she sees in the water is a shark.Her heightened sensitivity is due to

Accepted Answer

Alice's increased sensitivity to the presence of sharks in the water is an example of priming. Her recent exposure to the movie Jaws has primed her to be more aware and fearful of sharks, leading her to interpret any signs or cues in the water as potential shark sightings.

Question 3

Jennifer was walking along the street when she saw a man run out of a convenience store clutching on to a bag.The owner of the store runs out and shouts for the man to stop and come back.Jennifer immediately assumes that there has been a robbery,not that the man was in a hurry and forgot his change.How did she fill in this gap in her knowledge of the situation?

Accepted Answer

Jennifer relied on schema, which refers to prior knowledge and experiences that help individuals fill in the gaps in their understanding of a situation. Her prior knowledge and experience of convenience store robberies led her to assume that the man was indeed a robber. The other choices (A, B, and C) do not accurately describe the cognitive process that Jennifer used to fill in the gap in her knowledge of the situation.

Question 4

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some college students that their guest lecturer was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.The visitor then lectured for twenty minutes,and behaved in a very arrogant way during the lecture.When students evaluated the lecturer,

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some college...

Question 5

According to the perspective presented in Chapter 3 (Social Cognition),a person who grew up in a home with an alcoholic parent who sees a man acting in a somewhat strange manner may be ____ likely to interpret this behavior as due to alcohol because of ____.

Accepted Answer

This person is more likely to interpret the man's behavior as due to alcohol because of the chronic accessibility of an alcoholic schema. Growing up with an alcoholic parent can lead to the development of schemas related to alcohol and its effects on behavior, making it more likely for this interpretation to come to mind.

Question 6

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some college students that their guest instructor was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.Students who were told that the guest instructor was a warm person evaluated him more positively and participated more in class discussion than did students who were told that he was cold.These results support the idea that schemas are

Accepted Answer

The results of the study support the idea that schemas are especially influential when we encounter ambiguous information. This is because the students were not given any specific information about the guest instructor's personality - they were only given the warm/cold label. Therefore, their schemas about warm and cold people likely influenced how they interpreted and evaluated the instructor.

Question 7

Based on the study by Harold Kelley (1950)presented in your text,if you were to describe yourself to a blind date as being witty,how would she be most likely to view a slightly sarcastic comment you make?

Accepted Answer

The study by Harold Kelley showed that when people have a positive impression of someone, they are more likely to perceive their ambiguous behaviors as positive. Therefore, if the blind date already views the individual as witty, they are more likely to perceive a slightly sarcastic comment as funny and witty rather than rude or insensitive.

Question 8

Carol has a subtle "Mona Lisa" smile that is much harder to detect than an obvious toothy grin.Assume that before you met Carol,a mutual friend described her as warm and friendly.The first time Carol smiled at you,if you were to rely on your schemas,you would probably conclude that she is

Accepted Answer

Since the mutual friend described Carol as warm and friendly, it is reasonable to assume that her subtle smile is a reflection of her friendly nature rather than boredom or aloofness.

Question 9

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some students that a guest instructor was warm and others that a guest instructor was cold.When the instructor behaved in an arrogant way,he was rated as immodest,no matter what students were told about him at the outset.These findings suggest that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some students...

Question 10

Ethan and Heather see a man stumbling around as he walks down the street.Ethan,who belongs to Alcoholics Anonymous,thinks the man is drunk,but Heather,who just watched a TV special on Michael J.Fox,thinks the man has Parkinson's Disease.These differing interpretations of the same behavior seem to be caused by Ethan and Heather's differences in

Accepted Answer

Ethan and Heather's differing interpretations are influenced by the concept of accessibility, which refers to the information and experiences that are most readily available to them. Ethan's experience with Alcoholics Anonymous makes the idea of drunkenness more accessible, while Heather's recent exposure to information about Parkinson's Disease makes that interpretation more accessible to her.

Question 11

Korsakov's syndrome is a neurological disorder more closely associated with abnormal psychology than with social psychology.Why would the authors of your text describe the symptoms of Korsakov's syndrome and provide Oliver Sacks's description of his encounter with a patient suffering from that disease? This discussion illustrates

Accepted Answer

The authors likely included the discussion of Korsakov's syndrome and Oliver Sacks's encounter with a patient to illustrate the importance of schemas in helping humans make sense of their experiences. Korsakov's syndrome is a disorder that involves memory impairment, and the patient's experiences described by Sacks illustrate how the brain can create false memories to fill in gaps in memory. This discussion is informative in highlighting how humans rely on their knowledge and experiences (schemas) to understand and interpret information.

Question 12

We are most likely to rely on schemas when the situation we confront is

Accepted Answer

Schemas are mental frameworks that help us organize and interpret information. They are most likely to be used in situations that are ambiguous or unfamiliar, as they provide a structure for understanding and making sense of new experiences. In contrast, situations that are emotionally arousing or exciting may override schema-based processing, as we may be more focused on our emotional reactions rather than processing information in a rational, schema-driven way. Situations that are forgettable are unlikely to trigger any significant mental processing, schema-based or otherwise.

Question 13

The extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of people's minds and therefore likely to be used in making social judgments is called

Accepted Answer

Accessibility refers to the extent to which schemas and concepts are in people's minds and can be easily accessed to influence social judgments. Primacy refers to the tendency for information encountered initially to have a greater impact on judgments than information encountered later. Recency refers to the opposite, where information encountered most recently has a greater impact on judgments. Functionality is not a term commonly used in this context.

Question 14

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some college students that their guest lecturer was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.The visitor then lectured for twenty minutes.After the lecture,

Accepted Answer

The students who were told the lecturer was warm rated him higher and participated more in class discussion than those who were told he was cold, indicating that their expectations influenced their perceptions and behaviors.

Question 15

According to the authors of your text,what are the three reasons why schemas become accessible?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the authors of your text,what...

Question 16

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950)told some college students that their guest lecturer was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.The visitor then lectured for twenty minutes,and behaved in a very cocky,arrogant way during the lecture.All students viewed the lecturer as arrogant,but differed in their assessments of how humorous he was.These results suggest that schemas are

Accepted Answer

The results suggest that schemas are more likely to be used to interpret ambiguous behaviors, as all students viewed the lecturer as arrogant but differed in their assessments of his humor. This indicates that their preconceived notions (schemas) about the lecturer's warmth or coldness influenced their interpretation of his behavior.

Question 17

The first day of class,Maria absolutely loved her new social psychology professor,but Daniel couldn't stand her.If their interpretations were influenced by schemas,in all likelihood,Maria had heard ____,whereas Daniel had heard ____.

Accepted Answer

Maria's positive interpretation of the professor is likely due to a positive schema she already holds for professors or authority figures in general. Daniel's negative interpretation may be due to a negative schema he has for authority figures or a prior negative experience with a professor. Option C reflects that Maria heard positive information about the professor, while Daniel heard negative information about her.

Question 18

The text discusses three reasons why schemas can become accessible.Which of the following is not one of these reasons?

Accepted Answer

The text discusses chronic accessibility due to past experience, temporary accessibility due to recent experiences and being related to a current goal as reasons why schemas can become accessible. Base rate information about a person is not discussed as a reason for schema accessibility.

Question 19

The authors of your textbook point out that it is reasonable to use schemas to resolve ambiguity,but that this can become problematic when the schema is

Accepted Answer

When a schema is inaccurate, relying on it to resolve ambiguity can create further problems, as it will lead to faulty interpretations and conclusions. The other options (A, B, and C) may also pose difficulties in using schemas to resolve ambiguity, but they do not necessarily lead to inaccurate or flawed interpretations.

Question 20

Professor Chadwick is young and looks even younger than his years.He dresses in jeans,grubby tennis shoes,and Hawaiian print shirts.One day in the hallway,he strikes up a conversation with a student.During the conversation,the student begins to complain about the poor teaching of the faculty in the department and about the bad things he's heard about the course that Professor Chadwick teaches.Needless to say,when the student finds out he was actually talking to a professor,he feels embarrassed and avoids Professor Chadwick.What is the moral of this story?

Accepted Answer

The story illustrates the use of schemas, or mental frameworks, that make us efficient in processing information, but can also lead to inaccurate assumptions. The student had a preconceived schema about what a professor should look and act like, and applied it automatically without considering the possibility that he might be talking to a professor.

Quiz 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

If you grew up in a household with a brother who was morbidly shy,you might have a different belief about a man you meet who avoids dating women than a person who grew up in a household with a brother who was gay.This difference in interpretation is due to differences in your and the other person's

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950) told some college students that their guest lecturer was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.The visitor then lectured for twenty minutes,and behaved in a very arrogant way during the lecture.When students evaluated the lecturer,

According to the perspective presented in Chapter 3 (Social Cognition) ,a person who grew up in a home with an alcoholic parent who sees a man acting in a somewhat strange manner may be likely to interpret this behavior as due to alcohol because of .

Based on the study by Harold Kelley (1950) presented in your text,if you were to describe yourself to a blind date as being witty,how would she be most likely to view a slightly sarcastic comment you make?

Carol has a subtle "Mona Lisa" smile that is much harder to detect than an obvious toothy grin.Assume that before you met Carol,a mutual friend described her as warm and friendly.The first time Carol smiled at you,if you were to rely on your schemas,you would probably conclude that she is

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950) told some students that a guest instructor was warm and others that a guest instructor was cold.When the instructor behaved in an arrogant way,he was rated as immodest,no matter what students were told about him at the outset.These findings suggest that

We are most likely to rely on schemas when the situation we confront is

The extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of people's minds and therefore likely to be used in making social judgments is called

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950) told some college students that their guest lecturer was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.The visitor then lectured for twenty minutes.After the lecture,

According to the authors of your text,what are the three reasons why schemas become accessible?

The first day of class,Maria absolutely loved her new social psychology professor,but Daniel couldn't stand her.If their interpretations were influenced by schemas,in all likelihood,Maria had heard ,whereas Daniel had heard .

The text discusses three reasons why schemas can become accessible.Which of the following is not one of these reasons?

The authors of your textbook point out that it is reasonable to use schemas to resolve ambiguity,but that this can become problematic when the schema is

Quiz 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

If you grew up in a household with a brother who was morbidly shy,you might have a different belief about a man you meet who avoids dating women than a person who grew up in a household with a brother who was gay.This difference in interpretation is due to differences in your and the other person's

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950) told some college students that their guest lecturer was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.The visitor then lectured for twenty minutes,and behaved in a very arrogant way during the lecture.When students evaluated the lecturer,

According to the perspective presented in Chapter 3 (Social Cognition) ,a person who grew up in a home with an alcoholic parent who sees a man acting in a somewhat strange manner may be ____ likely to interpret this behavior as due to alcohol because of ____.

Based on the study by Harold Kelley (1950) presented in your text,if you were to describe yourself to a blind date as being witty,how would she be most likely to view a slightly sarcastic comment you make?

Carol has a subtle "Mona Lisa" smile that is much harder to detect than an obvious toothy grin.Assume that before you met Carol,a mutual friend described her as warm and friendly.The first time Carol smiled at you,if you were to rely on your schemas,you would probably conclude that she is

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950) told some students that a guest instructor was warm and others that a guest instructor was cold.When the instructor behaved in an arrogant way,he was rated as immodest,no matter what students were told about him at the outset.These findings suggest that

We are most likely to rely on schemas when the situation we confront is

The extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of people's minds and therefore likely to be used in making social judgments is called

Recall that Harold Kelley (1950) told some college students that their guest lecturer was a warm person,and others that he was a cold person.The visitor then lectured for twenty minutes.After the lecture,

According to the authors of your text,what are the three reasons why schemas become accessible?

The first day of class,Maria absolutely loved her new social psychology professor,but Daniel couldn't stand her.If their interpretations were influenced by schemas,in all likelihood,Maria had heard ____,whereas Daniel had heard ____.

The text discusses three reasons why schemas can become accessible.Which of the following is not one of these reasons?

The authors of your textbook point out that it is reasonable to use schemas to resolve ambiguity,but that this can become problematic when the schema is

According to the perspective presented in Chapter 3 (Social Cognition) ,a person who grew up in a home with an alcoholic parent who sees a man acting in a somewhat strange manner may be likely to interpret this behavior as due to alcohol because of .

The first day of class,Maria absolutely loved her new social psychology professor,but Daniel couldn't stand her.If their interpretations were influenced by schemas,in all likelihood,Maria had heard ,whereas Daniel had heard .