Question 1

Identify the molecular geometry of the molecular anion, SF₅^-, and the hybridization of the S atomic orbitals.

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Question 2

Identify the molecular geometry of the nitrate ion, NO₃^-, and the hybridization of the N atomic orbitals.

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Question 3

In the following molecules, what orbitals are involved in bonding on both of the indicated atoms?

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Question 4

Describe the valence bond picture of bonding in ethylene, which is shown below. Identify the number of valence electrons, the number of $\pi$ bonds, the number of  $\sigma$ bonds, and the hybridization of the carbon atomic orbitals.

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Question 5

The amide structure is the fundamental linking unit in proteins. Two partial Lewis structures for formamide are shown below. These structures do not show the lone-pair electrons or the formal charges. Experiment shows that formamide is planar, so which is the better representation of the electronic structure, I or II? Is this conclusion consistent with the formal charges on the atoms? Explain the rationale for your answers.

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Question 6

Draw the correct orientation of the dipole in SF₄.

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Question 7

A Lewis structure of aspirin without the nonbonding electrons is shown in the figure below. Taking into account the nonbonding electrons, identify the hybridization of the atomic orbitals for the following atoms: O1, O2, and O3. Identify the bond angles around C1, C2, and O3.

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Question 8

Identify the electron pair and molecular geometries of a molecule containing four single bonds and one lone pair on the central atom M. Draw the molecule and note spatial positioning of bonds.

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Question 9

Identify the hybridization of the atomic orbitals on carbon atoms labeled 1, 2, and 3. The hydrogen atoms and lone-pair electrons are not shown in the diagram.

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Question 10

Carbonyl dihalides (COX₂ with X = I, Cl, or Br) are irritants and can cause blistering of tissue. Their reactivity with tissue is influenced by their polarity. Place these compounds in order of decreasing polarity and explain your reasoning.

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Question 11

In 1995 a Japanese cult attacked the Tokyo subway system with the nerve gas sarin, which focused world attention on the dangers of chemical warfare agents. The connectivity of atoms in the sarin molecule is shown below. Complete the Lewis structure by adding bonds and lone pairs as necessary. Assign formal charges to the P and O atoms, and determine the local molecular geometry around the central oxygen atom.

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Question 12

Predict the bond angles at the three atoms marked in the following peptide.

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Question 13

Predict the indicated bond angles (less than, exactly, or greater than) in each of the following molecules.

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Question 14

Describe the valence bond picture of bonding in acetylene, which is shown below. Identify the number of valence electrons, the number of $\pi$ bonds, the number of  $\sigma$ bonds, and the hybridization of the carbon atomic orbitals.

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Question 15

Of the following molecules (O₃, SCl₂, SO₂, CS₂, and CO₂), which ones do you predict to have a bond angle of 180S1U1P1$\circ$S1S1P0?

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Question 16

Identify the hybridization of the three carbon atoms labeled in the following molecule.

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Question 17

For which one of the following molecules (BF₃, CF₄, NF₃, OF₂, XeF₄) is the electron geometry tetrahedral and the molecular geometry triangular pyramidal? Draw its Lewis structure with the correct bond angles.

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Question 18

Draw a structure showing the geometry of the molecule in the following group that is nonpolar: HF; NH₃; BF₃; CHCl₃; CO.

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Question 19

Identify the local molecular geometry and hybridization at atoms a and b in Ritalin, shown below, which is a drug used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In the line drawing, the hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon are not shown explicitly.

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Question 20

Identify the hybridization of atomic orbitals for atoms N1, N2, C1, C2, and C3 in caffeine, which is shown below.

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Quiz 9: Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Identify the molecular geometry of the molecular anion, SF₅^-, and the hybridization of the S atomic orbitals.

Identify the molecular geometry of the nitrate ion, NO₃^-, and the hybridization of the N atomic orbitals.

In the following molecules, what orbitals are involved in bonding on both of the indicated atoms?

Draw the correct orientation of the dipole in SF₄.

A Lewis structure of aspirin without the nonbonding electrons is shown in the figure below. Taking into account the nonbonding electrons, identify the hybridization of the atomic orbitals for the following atoms: O1, O2, and O3. Identify the bond angles around C1, C2, and O3.

Identify the electron pair and molecular geometries of a molecule containing four single bonds and one lone pair on the central atom M. Draw the molecule and note spatial positioning of bonds.

Identify the hybridization of the atomic orbitals on carbon atoms labeled 1, 2, and 3. The hydrogen atoms and lone-pair electrons are not shown in the diagram.

Carbonyl dihalides (COX₂ with X = I, Cl, or Br) are irritants and can cause blistering of tissue. Their reactivity with tissue is influenced by their polarity. Place these compounds in order of decreasing polarity and explain your reasoning.

Predict the bond angles at the three atoms marked in the following peptide.

Predict the indicated bond angles (less than, exactly, or greater than) in each of the following molecules.

Of the following molecules (O₃, SCl₂, SO₂, CS₂, and CO₂), which ones do you predict to have a bond angle of 180^$\circ$?

Identify the hybridization of the three carbon atoms labeled in the following molecule.

For which one of the following molecules (BF₃, CF₄, NF₃, OF₂, XeF₄) is the electron geometry tetrahedral and the molecular geometry triangular pyramidal? Draw its Lewis structure with the correct bond angles.

Draw a structure showing the geometry of the molecule in the following group that is nonpolar: HF; NH₃; BF₃; CHCl₃; CO.

Identify the local molecular geometry and hybridization at atoms a and b in Ritalin, shown below, which is a drug used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In the line drawing, the hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon are not shown explicitly.

Identify the hybridization of atomic orbitals for atoms N1, N2, C1, C2, and C3 in caffeine, which is shown below.

Quiz 9: Molecular Geometry: Shape Determines Function

Identify the molecular geometry of the molecular anion, SF5-, and the hybridization of the S atomic orbitals.

Identify the molecular geometry of the nitrate ion, NO3-, and the hybridization of the N atomic orbitals.

In the following molecules, what orbitals are involved in bonding on both of the indicated atoms?

Describe the valence bond picture of bonding in ethylene, which is shown below. Identify the number of valence electrons, the number of π\piπ bonds, the number of σ\sigmaσ bonds, and the hybridization of the carbon atomic orbitals.

Draw the correct orientation of the dipole in SF4.

A Lewis structure of aspirin without the nonbonding electrons is shown in the figure below. Taking into account the nonbonding electrons, identify the hybridization of the atomic orbitals for the following atoms: O1, O2, and O3. Identify the bond angles around C1, C2, and O3.

Identify the electron pair and molecular geometries of a molecule containing four single bonds and one lone pair on the central atom M. Draw the molecule and note spatial positioning of bonds.

Identify the hybridization of the atomic orbitals on carbon atoms labeled 1, 2, and 3. The hydrogen atoms and lone-pair electrons are not shown in the diagram.

Carbonyl dihalides (COX2 with X = I, Cl, or Br) are irritants and can cause blistering of tissue. Their reactivity with tissue is influenced by their polarity. Place these compounds in order of decreasing polarity and explain your reasoning.

Predict the bond angles at the three atoms marked in the following peptide.

Predict the indicated bond angles (less than, exactly, or greater than) in each of the following molecules.

Describe the valence bond picture of bonding in acetylene, which is shown below. Identify the number of valence electrons, the number of π\piπ bonds, the number of σ\sigmaσ bonds, and the hybridization of the carbon atomic orbitals.

Of the following molecules (O3, SCl2, SO2, CS2, and CO2), which ones do you predict to have a bond angle of 180 ∘\circ∘ ?

Identify the hybridization of the three carbon atoms labeled in the following molecule.

For which one of the following molecules (BF3, CF4, NF3, OF2, XeF4) is the electron geometry tetrahedral and the molecular geometry triangular pyramidal? Draw its Lewis structure with the correct bond angles.

Draw a structure showing the geometry of the molecule in the following group that is nonpolar: HF; NH3; BF3; CHCl3; CO.

Identify the local molecular geometry and hybridization at atoms a and b in Ritalin, shown below, which is a drug used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. In the line drawing, the hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon are not shown explicitly.

Identify the hybridization of atomic orbitals for atoms N1, N2, C1, C2, and C3 in caffeine, which is shown below.

Identify the molecular geometry of the molecular anion, SF₅^-, and the hybridization of the S atomic orbitals.

Identify the molecular geometry of the nitrate ion, NO₃^-, and the hybridization of the N atomic orbitals.

Draw the correct orientation of the dipole in SF₄.

Carbonyl dihalides (COX₂ with X = I, Cl, or Br) are irritants and can cause blistering of tissue. Their reactivity with tissue is influenced by their polarity. Place these compounds in order of decreasing polarity and explain your reasoning.

Of the following molecules (O₃, SCl₂, SO₂, CS₂, and CO₂), which ones do you predict to have a bond angle of 180^$\circ$?

For which one of the following molecules (BF₃, CF₄, NF₃, OF₂, XeF₄) is the electron geometry tetrahedral and the molecular geometry triangular pyramidal? Draw its Lewis structure with the correct bond angles.

Draw a structure showing the geometry of the molecule in the following group that is nonpolar: HF; NH₃; BF₃; CHCl₃; CO.