Question 1

________ is a rule that states that if a minor has transferred money, property, or other valuables to the competent party before disaffirming the contract, that party must place the minor in status quo.

Accepted Answer

The duty of restitution is a rule that provides for the return of the minor's property back to the minor by the competent party. This duty is enforced if the minor has transferred money, property, or other valuables to the competent party before disaffirming the contract, requiring the competent party to place the minor in status quo. The other choices are not relevant in this context.

Question 2

A minor may not affirm one part of a contract and disaffirm another part.

Accepted Answer

This principle is known as indivisibility of a contract for minors. A minor must either affirm or disaffirm the entire contract, he/she cannot pick and choose which parts to affirm or disaffirm.

Question 3

The infancy doctrine gives adults the right to disaffirm contracts entered with minors.

Accepted Answer

The infancy doctrine allows minors, not adults, to disaffirm contracts they have entered into with adults, under the premise that minors are not fully capable of understanding the implications of their agreements.

Question 4

The equitable doctrine of ________ obligates a minor to pay only reasonable value for goods or services received that are necessaries of life.

Accepted Answer

The equitable doctrine of quasi-contract, also known as unjust enrichment, obligates a minor to pay only reasonable value for goods or services received that are necessaries of life. This is to ensure that minors are not taken advantage of in their vulnerable position. Emancipation refers to a minor gaining legal independence from their parents or guardians. Restraint of contract refers to contracts that limit a person's freedom of choice. A contract of adhesion is a contract where one party has more negotiating power than the other, and the weaker party has to adhere to the terms of the contract without much choice. None of these are related to the equitable doctrine of quasi-contract.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of the ratification of a contract by a minor?

Accepted Answer

A minor can only ratify a contract after reaching the age of majority, as ratification requires the individual to have the legal capacity to make that decision, which is not attained until one reaches the age of majority.

Question 6

________ is the act of a minor to rescind a contract under the infancy doctrine, either orally, in writing, or by the minor's conduct.

Accepted Answer

Disaffirmance is the act of a minor to cancel or rescind a contract in accordance with the infancy doctrine. This means that the minor can choose to disclaim, renounce or avoid the contract at any time before or shortly after reaching the age of majority. The minor can disaffirm the contract orally, in writing, or by their actions or conduct.

Question 7

The act or process of a minor voluntarily leaving home and living apart from his or her parents is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

Emancipation refers to a minor voluntarily leaving home and living apart from his or her parents. Restitution refers to the act of restoring something to its rightful owner or making amends for a loss or damage. Restoration refers to the act of returning something to its original state or condition. Adhesion refers to the process of adhering or sticking one thing to another.

Question 8

If a minor entered into a contract, and then ratified the contract after reaching the age of majority, which of the following is he or she exempt from?

Accepted Answer

The minor is no longer protected by the infancy doctrine once he or she ratifies the contract after reaching the age of majority. This means that he or she is fully responsible for obligations under the contract and subject to legal action in case of default. However, the minor may still be exempt from certain obligations related to necessaries of life, such as contracts for basic goods and services that are considered essential for a minor's well-being. The duties of restoration and restitution may also still apply, depending on the terms of the contract and the circumstances of the case.

Question 9

16-year-old Frank bought a video game console from John for $150. Frank is a minor, while John is a competent adult. A month later, the console started malfunctioning on its own. Frank returned the console to John. If Frank disaffirms his contract with John for buying the console, which of the following will be considered true?

Accepted Answer

As Frank is a minor, he has the right to disaffirm the contract he made with John. This means that Frank can ask for a full refund on the amount he paid for the console. John is bound to return the money as the contract is considered voidable by Frank.

Question 10

________ is a rule that states that a minor is obligated only to return the goods or property he or she has received from the adult in the condition it is in at the time of disaffirmance.

Accepted Answer

The rule described in the question is known as the duty of restoration, which applies to minors who have disaffirmed a contract. The minor is required to return any goods or property received from the adult in the same condition it was in when received. This duty arises because minors are not held to adult contractual obligations due to their lack of legal capacity.

Question 11

In order for a minor to be bound by a contract with an adult after he or she becomes an adult, he or she must ________.

Accepted Answer

In order for a minor to be bound by a contract with an adult after he or she becomes an adult, he or she must ratify the contract after reaching the age of majority. Ratification means the minor stated, either explicitly or through his or her actions, that he or she intends to be bound by the terms of the contract.

Question 12

If a minor ratifies a contract while still being a minor, ________.

Accepted Answer

A minor has the right to disaffirm a contract if they enter into it while still a minor, even if they have ratified it. This means they can legally void the contract and be released from their obligations under it.

Question 13

People below the age of majority are considered minors.

Accepted Answer

The age of majority is the age at which someone is considered an adult in the eyes of the law. Below that age, individuals are considered minors.

Question 14

Which of the following is true of a minor under the infancy doctrine?

Accepted Answer

Under the infancy doctrine, a minor (usually under 18 years old) can disaffirm contracts he or she has entered into with adults. This means that the minor can choose to cancel the contract at any time before reaching the age of majority or within a reasonable time thereafter. However, the minor cannot be bound to an adult's decisions in a contract and cannot enforce a contract at his or her whim. Additionally, a minor can enter into a legal contract with another minor, but the contract may also be disaffirmed by either party.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of a minor's duty toward a contract for necessaries of life?

Accepted Answer

Minors may enter into contracts for necessaries of life, which are goods and services that are essential for their well-being, such as food, shelter, and medical care. However, minors are not typically bound by contracts because they lack capacity to contract. In the case of contracts for necessaries, minors are generally held responsible for paying the reasonable value of the goods or services received. This ensures that minors have access to basic necessities, while also protecting vendors and providers who supply those goods and services.

Question 16

Any age below the statutory age of majority is called the period of minority.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Minority refers to the period in a person's life before they reach the age of majority, which is the legal age at which they are considered adults and gain full rights and responsibilities.

Question 17

The infancy doctrine binds an adult to a minor's decision on a contract.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The infancy doctrine binds an adult to...

Question 18

________ is the act of a minor after he or she has reached the age of majority, by which he or she accepts a contract entered into when he or she was a minor.

Accepted Answer

Ratification is when a minor accepts a contract that was entered into when they were still a minor, after they have reached the age of majority. This acceptance can be explicit or implied through actions that indicate an intention to accept the terms of the contract.

Question 19

Which of the following is true of a minor's right to disaffirm a contract?

Accepted Answer

Minors have the legal right to disaffirm a contract before reaching the age of majority and shortly after, which can be done either orally or in writing. Contracts for necessaries cannot typically be disaffirmed, and there are circumstances where minors may have to restore what was received under a contract if they disaffirm it.

Question 20

The ________ is a legal principle that allows minors to cancel most contracts they have entered into with adults.

Accepted Answer

The infancy doctrine is a legal principle that allows minors to cancel most contracts they have entered into with adults. This is to protect minors from being taken advantage of or entering into agreements they may not fully understand or be legally bound to.

Quiz 12: Capacity and Legality