Question 1

Which statement is the most important to consider when creating a pie chart?

Accepted Answer

The most important consideration when creating a pie chart is that the area of each slice must be proportional to the frequency with which the observation occurs, and each observation must be contained within one (and only one) slice of the pie. This ensures that the chart accurately represents the data and allows for easy comparison between the different categories.

Question 2

Enteroliths are calcifications that form in the gut of horses. The stones can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. A study was conducted to investigate factors (such as age, diet, and environment) that may be related to the formation of enteroliths. The researchers decided to draw two histograms: one for horses with enteroliths (cases) and one for horses without (controls).  The number of horses 20 years and older:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Enteroliths are calcifications that form in the...

Question 3

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. The station rankings were included in the survey. The histogram below has the interval limits 0 $\le$X< 50, 50 $\le$ X < 100, 100 $\le$ X < 150, 150 $\le$ X < 200, and 200 $\le$ X < 250.  A ranking of 100:

Accepted Answer

A ranking of 100 falls into the interval 100 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 X < 150, therefore it will be counted in interval 3.

Question 4

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. One of the variables recorded was the region the station was located in (east, center, or west). The variable "region" is:

Accepted Answer

The variable "region" is categorical because it is not a number. It is not possible to compare regions quantitatively as they are not numerical values.

Question 5

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. One of the variables recorded was the region the station was located in (east, center, or west).  The bar chart above shows that the location of the majority of radio stations:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A survey of radio stations was conducted...

Question 6

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. One of the variables recorded was the region the station was located in (east, center, or west). The variable "region" can be summarized in a graph by:

Accepted Answer

The variable "region" is a categorical variable, representing different categories (east, center, or west). Both bar charts and pie charts are suitable for summarizing and visualizing categorical data.

Question 7

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. The station rankings were included in the survey. The histogram below has the interval limits 0 $\le$X < 50; 50 $\le$X < 100, 100 $\le$ X < 150; 150 $\le$ X < 200; and 200 $\le$ X < 250.  A plot of the histogram, above, shows that the approximate number of ranking between 50 and 100 is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A survey of radio stations was conducted...

Question 8

Veterinary researchers wanted to know if housing might be related to whether or not a horse develops enteroliths. Attached are side-by-side pie charts of housing for horses with enteroliths (cases) and horses without (controls).  Based on these charts, it is reasonable to conclude that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Veterinary researchers wanted to know if housing...

Question 9

Enteroliths are calcifications that form in the gut of horses. The stones can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. A study was conducted to investigate factors (such as age, diet, and environment) that may be related to the formation of enteroliths.  The histogram of age for the horses in the enteroliths study is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Enteroliths are calcifications that form in the...

Question 10

An appropriate graphical way to display housing (stall, small paddock, large paddock, pasture, or other housing) for horses is given by:

Accepted Answer

A pie chart is appropriate for displaying categorical data, such as types of housing for horses, showing the proportion of each category in a whole.

Question 11

Consumers' Union measured the gas mileage per gallon of thirty-eight 1998-99 model automobiles on a special test track. The following pie chart provides information about the country of manufacture of the cars that Consumers' Union used.  Which of the following bar graphs is equivalent to the pie chart?

Accepted Answer

The pie chart shows that 36% of the cars are from Japan, 32% are from the US, and 32% are from Europe. In the bar graph from choice B, the three bars have the same heights and thus the same percentages, representing the countries of manufacture in the same proportions as the pie chart. The other bar graphs do not represent the data accurately, as they either have bars of different heights or they are missing a category.

Question 12

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. The station rankings were included in the survey. The attached histogram has the interval limits 0 $\le$X < 50; 50 $\le$ X < 100, 100 $\le$ X < 150; 150 $\le$ X < 200; and 200 $\le$X < 250.  A plot of the histogram, above, shows the histogram to be:

Accepted Answer

The histogram is skewed to the right, as the longer tail of high values extends farther to the right than the lower values to the left.

Question 13

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001.  In the pie chart above, the proportion of radio markets in the second quartile in the center of the U.S. is approximately:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A survey of radio stations was conducted...

Question 14

The 137 horses in a study on enteroliths, a type of stone in the gut, were housed either in a small paddock, a large paddock, a stall, or a grass pasture.  Based on the bar chart, the percent of horses living in paddocks, large or small, is approximately:

Accepted Answer

The bar chart shows that the percent of horses living in small paddocks is approximately 23%, and the percent of horses living in large paddocks is approximately 35%. To find the total percent of horses living in paddocks, we can add these two percentages together:

23% + 35% = 58%

Therefore, the approximate percent of horses living in paddocks (small or large) is 58%.

Question 15

Enteroliths are calcifications that form in the gut of horses. The stones can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. A study was conducted to investigate factors (such as age, diet, and environment) that may be related to the formation of enteroliths. The researchers decided to draw two histograms: one for horses with enteroliths (cases) and one for horses without (controls).  It can be deduced from the histograms that the cases are:

Accepted Answer

The histogram for cases (horses with enteroliths) shows a peak around age 7-8 years, while the histogram for controls (horses without enteroliths) shows a peak around age 9-10 years. This suggests that cases are slightly younger than the controls.

Question 16

Enteroliths are calcifications that form in the gut of horses. The stones can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. A study was conducted to investigate factors (such as diet and environment) that may be related to the formation of enteroliths. Housing is a variable that is coded "1" for horses that live in a stall, "2" for horses that have access to a small paddock, "3" for horses that have a large paddock, "4" for horses that live in pasture, and "5" for other housing. Housing is a:

Accepted Answer

Housing is a categorical variable because it is a variable that can be divided into distinct categories or groups (the different types of housing options for the horses). It is not a quantitative variable because it does not have a numerical value associated with it in a continuous or discrete manner, and it is not a numerical category as that term is not a common statistical term.

Quiz 2: Picturing Distributions With Graphs

Which statement is the most important to consider when creating a pie chart?

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. One of the variables recorded was the region the station was located in (east, center, or west) . The variable "region" is:

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. One of the variables recorded was the region the station was located in (east, center, or west) . The bar chart above shows that the location of the majority of radio stations:

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. One of the variables recorded was the region the station was located in (east, center, or west) . The variable "region" can be summarized in a graph by:

Veterinary researchers wanted to know if housing might be related to whether or not a horse develops enteroliths. Attached are side-by-side pie charts of housing for horses with enteroliths (cases) and horses without (controls) . Based on these charts, it is reasonable to conclude that:

An appropriate graphical way to display housing (stall, small paddock, large paddock, pasture, or other housing) for horses is given by:

A survey of radio stations was conducted following the attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001. In the pie chart above, the proportion of radio markets in the second quartile in the center of the U.S. is approximately:

The 137 horses in a study on enteroliths, a type of stone in the gut, were housed either in a small paddock, a large paddock, a stall, or a grass pasture. Based on the bar chart, the percent of horses living in paddocks, large or small, is approximately: