Question 1

What is the origin of the term "flame cells" in Planaria?

Accepted Answer

The term "flame cells" in Planaria is derived from the Latin word "flamma," meaning flame, due to the beating of the cilia in these cells that resembles a flickering flame.

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows.  
-Excretory system that actively transports uric acid and ions into blind tubules; found in insects and most terrestrial arthropods

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Match the...

Question 3

Which of the following statements about ionic conformers is false?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about ionic...

Question 4

A ureotelic organism excretes most of its nitrogenous waste as

Accepted Answer

Ureotelic organisms excrete most of their nitrogenous waste as urea. Examples of ureotelic organisms include mammals, amphibians, and sharks. Urea is less toxic than ammonia and requires less water for excretion than uric acid, which is important for organisms that live in dry environments.

Question 5

The brine shrimp Artemia

Accepted Answer

Artemia is an osmoregulator (choice B) and an osmoconformer (choice A).

Question 6

Mechanisms for the active transport of water

Accepted Answer

Water is not actively transported across cell membranes; instead, it moves passively through osmosis or pressure differences.

Question 7

Which of the following molecules is most toxic to cells?

Accepted Answer

Ammonia is highly toxic to cells as it disrupts pH balance and can damage proteins and other cellular components. Water and sodium chloride are essential for cell function and are not typically harmful at moderate concentrations. Urea and uric acid are waste products that can be harmful in high concentrations but are not as toxic as ammonia.

Question 8

The terms "ammonotelic," "ureotelic," and "uricotelic" describe

Accepted Answer

The terms "ammonotelic," "ureotelic," and "uricotelic" describe the types of nitrogenous waste produced by various vertebrates. Ammonotelic animals excrete ammonia, ureotelic animals excrete urea, and uricotelic animals excrete uric acid.

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows.  
-Excretory system containing cilia; found in flatworms

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Match the...

Question 10

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows.  
-Amphibian excretory system in which capillary beds come into close contact with podocytes, where the transfer of water and small molecules takes place

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Match the...

Question 11

Ammonia and urea are waste products derived from the metabolic breakdown of

Accepted Answer

Ammonia and urea are waste products derived from the metabolic breakdown of proteins. Protein metabolism results in the release of nitrogen-containing compounds, which are then converted to ammonia and eventually excreted as urea or uric acid. Carbohydrates, lipids, sugars, and salts do not contribute significantly to the production of ammonia and urea.

Question 12

Terrestrial organisms must conserve water. The least amount of water is lost with the excretion of which nitrogenous waste product?

Accepted Answer

Uric acid can be excreted in a solid form, reducing water loss. In contrast, ammonia and urea are dissolved substances that require more water to be excreted. Carbon dioxide and salt are not nitrogenous waste products.

Question 13

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows.  
-Structure in insects in which nitrogenous waste solutes are eliminated via the gut

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Match the...

Question 14

Which of the following substances is the least soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

Uric acid is the least soluble in water because it has a large hydrophobic region and very few polar functional groups, which makes it difficult for it to dissolve in water. The other options have more polar functional groups and are more soluble in water or are already ions, like sodium chloride.

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows.  
-Annelid excretory system that has ciliated openings (called nephrostomes) in the coelom, which lead to a tubule that opens to the outside of the animal

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Match the...

Question 16

Gout results from an accumulation of _______ in the joints.

Accepted Answer

Gout is a type of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints. This build-up can lead to inflammation, swelling, and severe pain in the affected joint.

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows.  
-Type of excretory unit with flame cells; found in Planaria

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions:
Match the...

Question 18

Terrestrial animals do not excrete nitrogen as ammonia because

Accepted Answer

Ammonia is very toxic to terrestrial animals, which is why they need a less toxic way to excrete nitrogen waste. Ammonia is very soluble in water and can quickly accumulate to toxic levels in the body. Therefore, terrestrial animals convert ammonia to a less toxic form such as urea or uric acid before excreting it.

Question 19

Which of the following animals is most likely to excrete mainly urea or uric acid instead of ammonia?

Accepted Answer

Gulls are birds and have a higher metabolic rate than fishes and tadpoles. This means that they are less able to tolerate the toxic effects of ammonia, so they excrete urea or uric acid instead. While shrimp are also animals that excrete mainly urea or uric acid, gulls are a better choice as they are not aquatic animals.

Question 20

Which of the following molecules contains the most nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following molecules contains the...

Quiz 52: Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

What is the origin of the term "flame cells" in Planaria?

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows. -Excretory system that actively transports uric acid and ions into blind tubules; found in insects and most terrestrial arthropods

Which of the following statements about ionic conformers is false?

A ureotelic organism excretes most of its nitrogenous waste as

The brine shrimp Artemia

Mechanisms for the active transport of water

Which of the following molecules is most toxic to cells?

The terms "ammonotelic," "ureotelic," and "uricotelic" describe

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows. -Excretory system containing cilia; found in flatworms

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows. -Amphibian excretory system in which capillary beds come into close contact with podocytes, where the transfer of water and small molecules takes place

Ammonia and urea are waste products derived from the metabolic breakdown of

Terrestrial organisms must conserve water. The least amount of water is lost with the excretion of which nitrogenous waste product?

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows. -Structure in insects in which nitrogenous waste solutes are eliminated via the gut

Which of the following substances is the least soluble in water?

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows. -Annelid excretory system that has ciliated openings (called nephrostomes) in the coelom, which lead to a tubule that opens to the outside of the animal

Gout results from an accumulation of _______ in the joints.

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct system or structure from the list below with each description that follows. -Type of excretory unit with flame cells; found in Planaria

Terrestrial animals do not excrete nitrogen as ammonia because

Which of the following animals is most likely to excrete mainly urea or uric acid instead of ammonia?

Which of the following molecules contains the most nitrogen?