Question 1

Sharon is sexually aroused when she and her partner inflict pain on each other to the point where they scream out in agony. Sharon and her partner are practicing which of the following sexual behaviours?

Accepted Answer

Sharon and her partner are engaging in both sadistic (inflicting pain) and masochistic (receiving pain) behaviors, which falls under the umbrella term of sadomasochism. Option A (voyeuristic) refers to arousal from watching others engage in sexual activity, while option B (sadist) refers only to arousal from inflicting pain, and option C (masochist) refers only to arousal from receiving pain.

Question 2

George looked forward to hot summer days. He would ride the subway trains at rush hour every day in order to rub up against the bare arms and legs of women he did not know. Which of the following paraphilias is George exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

Frotteurism is a paraphilic disorder in which a person gains sexual arousal by rubbing against or touching a non-consenting person. George's behavior of riding the subway trains during rush hour to rub up against the bare arms and legs of women he did not know falls under frotteurism.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is false concerning sex reassignment surgery?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin medications are not used to treat emotional adjustment after sex reassignment surgery. Instead, hormone therapy is used to help with physical changes and emotional adjustment.

Question 4

Which of the following paraphilias appear to mirror each other?

Accepted Answer

Exhibitionism involves obtaining sexual gratification by exposing one's genitals to others, while voyeurism involves obtaining sexual gratification by secretly watching others engage in sexual activity. Both of these paraphilias involve non-consensual behavior and a lack of consideration for the privacy and autonomy of others.

Question 5

Kenneth becomes sexually aroused by compulsively and secretly watching his neighbour undress and shower. He can see her from his apartment but she cannot see him. He has been watching her for two months and each time he sees her he becomes more sexually aroused. Before Kenneth can be diagnosed with voyeurism, which of the following conditions must be met?

Accepted Answer

To be diagnosed with voyeurism, the individual must have recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting person for a period of at least 6 months. Thus, option B is the correct answer. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the diagnostic criteria for voyeurism.

Question 6

Sharon likes for her partner to inflict pain on her during sexual intercourse. She finds this sexually gratifying. Which of the following paraphilias is Sharon exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

Sharon's sexual preference for pain and finding it sexually gratifying indicates sexual masochism. Sexual sadism involves deriving sexual pleasure from inflicting pain on others, whereas voyeurism is the act of secretly watching others engage in sexual activity. Frotteurism is the act of touching or rubbing up against non-consenting individuals in a crowded place for sexual gratification.

Question 7

What does aversion therapy for paraphilias involve?

Accepted Answer

Aversion therapy for paraphilias involves pairing the paraphilic object with an unpleasant stimulus, such as an electric shock or noxious odor, in order to extinguish the individual's sexual response to the object. This is a form of classical conditioning, where the person learns to associate the object with a negative experience, leading to a decrease in sexual arousal and interest. This approach is controversial and not always effective, and many therapists use other forms of treatment such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or medication.

Question 8

A person with gender identity disorder believes he or she was born with the genitals of the wrong sex.

Accepted Answer

Gender identity disorder, also known as gender dysphoria, is a condition in which a person's gender identity does not match the gender assigned at birth, including feeling that their genitals do not match their gender identity.

Question 9

Which of the following terms refers to Elsa's perception of herself as a female?

Accepted Answer

Gender identity refers to an individual's subjective sense of being male or female, while sexual identity refers to one's sexual orientation. Role identity refers to the collection of roles that an individual assumes in society, and gender role identity specifically refers to the set of behaviors and attitudes that are considered appropriate for men or women in a given culture.

Question 10

Which of the following behavioural theories suggests that the larger context of the child's home and culture influence the tendency to develop deviant sexual behaviours?

Accepted Answer

The Social learning theory suggests that individuals learn new behaviours by observing others and by taking cues from the larger context in which they live, including their home and culture. Therefore, this theory suggests that the larger context of a child's home and culture can influence the development of deviant sexual behaviours. The other three theories (Operant conditioning, Classical conditioning, and Observational learning) do not specifically address the influence of context in the development of sexual behaviours.

Question 11

Therapists who work with people with gender identity disorder typically focus on which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

Therapists who work with people with gender identity disorder typically focus on helping people to clarify their gender identity and sexual orientation. This may involve exploring feelings, thoughts, and behaviors related to gender, as well as helping people to understand and navigate social and cultural factors that may impact their experiences of gender. While childhood conflicts and family dynamics may be relevant to the therapy process, they are not the primary focus of treatment. Similarly, reinforcing sex-stereotyped behaviors is not typically a goal of therapy for people with gender identity disorder, as this approach may actually reinforce or exacerbate feelings of gender dysphoria.

Question 12

Most psychosocial theories of gender identity disorder focus on which of the following parental roles?

Accepted Answer

Most psychosocial theories of gender identity disorder focus on the role parents play in shaping their children's gender identity. These theories suggest that parents may transmit their own beliefs about gender, or reinforce gender role behaviours, which can contribute to the development of gender identity disorder. However, it is important to note that there is no single cause of gender identity disorder, and many different factors may be involved, including biological, psychological, and environmental factors.

Question 13

Paraphilias are sexual activities that involve consenting adults.

Accepted Answer

Paraphilias are sexual interests in objects, situations, or individuals that are atypical, involving fantasies, behaviors, or urges that may not necessarily involve consenting adults and can sometimes involve non-consenting individuals or be considered socially unacceptable or illegal.

Question 14

Morgana seems to be uncomfortable with the "traditional" female behaviours she is expected to exhibit. Her brother Rich is unsure of his perception of himself as a male. Morgana is dealing with _____________, whereas Rich is dealing with _____________.

Accepted Answer

Morgana's discomfort with the expected "traditional" female behaviours suggests that she is struggling with her gender role, whereas Rich's uncertainty about his own perception of himself as a male suggests that he is dealing with his gender identity. Therefore, A - Gender role; gender identity - is the best choice. The other options (B, C, and D) are not relevant to the scenario.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a biological intervention that is used to treat pedophilia?

Accepted Answer

Surgical removal of the testicles is not a biological intervention that is used to treat pedophilia.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is false concerning gender identity disorder?

Accepted Answer

Gender identity disorder is not closely linked with sexual sadism. In fact, there is no evidence to suggest that individuals with gender identity disorder have any greater likelihood of engaging in sadistic behavior than individuals without the disorder. The other statements are true. Boys are more likely than girls to be brought for counseling for gender identity disorder, the disorder is also known as transsexualism, and when individuals with the disorder dress in opposite sex clothing, it is typically not for sexual arousal.

Question 17

Which one of the following characteristics is not part of the profile of child molesters?

Accepted Answer

None of the choices are definitive factors in the profile of a child molester, but research suggests that being overweight is not a consistent characteristic.

Question 18

In ______________ the person secretly watches another person undressing, bathing, or engaged in sex as a preferred or exclusive form of sexual arousal, while in ______________ the person is sexually aroused by exposing his/her genitals to unsuspecting observers.

Accepted Answer

The first part of the question describes voyeurism, which involves observing others in sexual situations without their knowledge or consent. The second part describes exhibitionism, which involves exposing one's own genitals to unsuspecting and non-consenting observers. The correct answer is therefore B) Voyeurism; exhibitionism.

Question 19

Nicholas believes he was born with the genitalia of the wrong sex. He believes that despite his male genitalia, he is a woman. Which disorder would Nicholas likely be diagnosed with?

Accepted Answer

Nicholas's belief that he has been born with the wrong genitalia and identifies as a woman is characteristic of gender identity disorder. This disorder involves a mismatch between an individual's biological sex and their gender identity, causing significant distress and impairment in daily functioning. The DSM-5 has now replaced the term "Gender Identity Disorder" with "Gender Dysphoria."

Question 20

Howard achieves sexual gratification by rubbing and fondling the body parts of nonconsenting and unsuspecting adults. Which of the following paraphilias is Howard exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

Howard is exhibiting frotteurism, which involves achieving sexual gratification through rubbing and fondling the body parts of nonconsenting and unsuspecting adults. Exhibitionism involves exposing oneself to others, voyeurism involves observing others during intimate acts, and transvestism involves deriving sexual gratification from wearing clothing typically associated with the opposite sex.

Quiz 16: Mental Health and the Law