Question 1

What is the meaning of the term interpretation from psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

In psychoanalysis, interpretation refers to the material that the therapist shares with the patient to help them understand their own behavior. It involves the therapist providing insight into the patient's unconscious thoughts and feelings, often through symbols or patterns in their behavior. The goal of interpretation is to bring the patient's unconscious conflicts into their conscious awareness, allowing them to work through and resolve these issues. It is not a method used to induce catharsis, a general guideline only for the therapist, or statements shared by the patient.

Question 2

Joseph Breuer's method of catharsis provided relief for psychological symptoms by helping patients to

Accepted Answer

Breuer's method of catharsis involved helping patients to release previously unexpressed feelings in order to alleviate psychological symptoms. This was achieved through the process of free association, in which patients were encouraged to talk about their thoughts and emotions without censorship or judgment. By exploring their feelings in this way, patients were able to gain insight into their unconscious conflicts and experiences, and to express emotions that had been repressed or suppressed.

Question 3

Therapeutic neutrality is viewed as a key component of

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic neutrality is a concept that originated in psychoanalysis and is considered a key component of the therapy. It involves the therapist maintaining an objective, non-judgmental stance towards the patient's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, and avoiding any personal involvement or bias in the therapeutic process.

Question 4

For an assignment you are asked to look up a group of drugs known as major tranquilizers. You consult a drug handbook and find that another term for these drugs is

Accepted Answer

The term "major tranquilizers" is an older term for antipsychotic drugs, which are used primarily to treat symptoms of psychosis such as delusions and hallucinations. The other terms listed (antianxiety, antidepressant, sedative hypnotic) refer to other types of medications used to treat different conditions.

Question 5

When you walk into your next class you see the term "psychotropic medications" written on the blackboard. You never know when such information might come in handy, so you look it up and find that it refers to

Accepted Answer

Psychotropic medications are chemical substances that affect our psychological state. They are commonly used in the treatment of mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia.

Question 6

Agnes has been recently diagnosed as suffering a particularly severe form of depression. She was admitted to the hospital and given the typical recommended electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment. What will her medical chart reveal about her treatment?

Accepted Answer

The typical recommended treatment for severe depression with ECT involves a series of 6 to 12 sessions over a few weeks. This is often effective in providing relief for symptoms. Option A may be too little treatment for severe depression, option B does not describe a typical ECT treatment, and option D involves a much longer and more drastic treatment approach that is not typically used for severe depression.

Question 7

What did Sigmund Freud believe was the "true benefit" of free association?

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the true benefit of free association is that it reveals aspects of the unconscious mind. It allows the patient to speak freely without censorship, which can uncover repressed thoughts and feelings that are normally inaccessible to the conscious mind.

Question 8

According to Freudian psychoanalysis it is sufficient to cure mental illness if the therapist were to

Accepted Answer

According to Freudian psychoanalysis, mental illness arises from unresolved conflict and repressed memories in the unconscious mind. Therefore, the goal of therapy is to bring these unconscious thoughts and memories into conscious awareness so that the patient can work through them and resolve the conflict. By doing so, the patient can overcome mental illness. Thus, option B is the best choice since it aligns with the fundamental principles of Freudian psychoanalysis.

Question 9

While reading a medical article you come across the category of minor tranquilizers. The writer then gives the term benzodiazepines as an example of the chemical group of drugs. What type of drugs are being described?

Accepted Answer

The article is describing benzodiazepines as an example of minor tranquilizers, which are used to treat anxiety. Therefore, the best choice is antianxiety drugs. The other choices (antimanic, antipsychotic, and antidepressants) are incorrect because they do not fit the description of the drugs being discussed.

Question 10

What was one of the severe side effects of prefrontal lobotomies?

Accepted Answer

One of the severe side effects of prefrontal lobotomies was the absence of emotional responsiveness or blunted affect. This was due to the damage to the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for regulating emotions and social behavior.

Question 11

A medical records clerk was reviewing patient files when he came across one that had the name of a procedure he did not recognize: cingulotomy. When he looked up the procedure he found that it is a surgical procedure used in cases in which the diagnosis is

Accepted Answer

Cingulotomy is a surgical procedure used in cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder, where a small portion of the brain called the cingulate cortex is destroyed to address symptoms of the disorder. It is not typically used for the other conditions listed.

Question 12

What is the major consideration in deciding whether to use unilateral versus bilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for a patient suffering from severe depression?

Accepted Answer

The major consideration in deciding whether to use unilateral versus bilateral electroconvulsive therapy for a patient suffering from severe depression is reducing memory loss. Unilateral ECT is associated with less memory impairment than bilateral ECT, which makes it a preferred option for patients who are elderly, have cognitive impairments or are concerned about memory loss. However, bilateral ECT may be necessary for patients who are refractory to unilateral ECT or have other severe psychiatric symptoms. Ultimately, the decision should be made on a case-by-case basis with input from the patient and their healthcare team.

Question 13

Ted wants to learn about the effects of the drug Prozac. Under what heading would he find the drug listed?

Accepted Answer

Prozac is an antidepressant medication, therefore it would fall under the heading of antidepressant medications.

Question 14

Free association refers to

Accepted Answer

Free association is a psychoanalytic technique where the patient is encouraged to speak in a free and uncensored manner about their thoughts, feelings, and memories as they come to mind. The goal is to access and bring into consciousness repressed or unconscious material that may be contributing to the patient's difficulties.

Question 15

What is the major effect of antipsychotic medications given to people that do not suffer from schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic medications can cause sedation and drowsiness, leading to a groggy state, especially in individuals who do not have schizophrenia.

Question 16

A psychoanalyst might suggest that Frances, whose case was presented in the text, is demonstrating ______________ if she begins to treat the analyst in ways that suggest she feels about him the way she felt about her father.

Accepted Answer

Transference is a phenomenon in which a patient's feelings and attitudes towards a therapist unconsciously transfer to an important person in the patient's life, such as a parent, sibling, or spouse. In this case, Frances is projecting her feelings towards her father onto the analyst, which is a type of transference.

Question 17

Compared to its use in the middle of the last century, today electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is

Accepted Answer

ECT is now used far less frequently than it was in the middle of the last century. This is due to a variety of factors including the development of new medications and therapies, as well as concerns about the safety and effectiveness of ECT. While it is still used in certain cases, it is no longer considered a first-line treatment for many conditions.

Question 18

What erroneous assumption led to the development of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?

Accepted Answer

The development of ECT was based on the erroneous assumption that epilepsy and schizophrenia were mutually exclusive conditions, and that inducing epileptic seizures would prevent or cure schizophrenia. Therefore, choice B is the correct option. Choices A and C are not relevant to the development of ECT, and choice D is not supported by current evidence because memory loss is a significant side effect of ECT, but it is not a cure for schizophrenia.

Question 19

Current evidence on the effects of psychotropic medications indicate that they

Accepted Answer

Current evidence suggests that psychotropic medications offer symptom relief but not a cure. While they can be effective in managing symptoms, they do not address the underlying causes of mental health disorders and can come with potential side effects. It is important to work closely with a healthcare professional to determine the best course of treatment for individual needs.

Question 20

You are reading a case study of a patient who has been prescribed the following: Haldol, Clozaril, and Thorazine. You recognize these drugs as belonging to the category called

Accepted Answer

Haldol, Clozaril, and Thorazine belong to the category of antipsychotic medications. These drugs are used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. They work by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which can reduce symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations.

Quiz 3: Treatment of Psychological Disorders