Question 1

Ranchland Properties and Prairie State Investments sign a writ?ten contract for a sale of land. In some states, to be enforceable, this con?tract must include
A) a correct title, such as "Land Transfer" or "Real Estate Agreement."
B) a declaration of the contract's purpose.
C) a statement of the source of financing.
D) a description of the land.

Accepted Answer

In order for a contract for sale of land to be enforceable in most states, it must include a description of the land being sold. The other options listed may be helpful or important, but they are not required for the contract to be valid.

Question 2

Fact Pattern 13-1 
Alain and Brie sign a contract for the sale of Alain's Coffee Café to Brie. The parties intend their written contract to be a final statement of most, but not all, of the terms of their agreement-Alain must first buy the building from Developed Commercial Properties, Inc., after which Alain and Brie will negotiate a price.
-Refer to Fact Pattern 13-1. Brie later disputes some of the provisions of the deal with Alain. If the dispute results in litigation, a court will most likely admit evidence of additional terms that are
A) ambiguous.
B) consistent.
C) contradictory.
D) clear.

Accepted Answer

If the written contract is found to be an incomplete integration (meaning it does not include all of the terms of the parties' agreement), evidence of consistent additional terms may be admitted to supplement the contract. Ambiguous or contradictory terms are less likely to be admitted, and clear terms are already included in the written contract.

Question 3

Ulrich files a suit against Vern to enforce a written con?tract. If the court finds that the parties intended the contract to be the final statement of their agreement, parol evidence can be admitted to prove
A) an orally agreed-on condition precedent.
B) terms discussed before the contract but not contained in it.
C) terms discussed at the time of the contract that contradict the written terms.
D) nothing.

Accepted Answer

Parol evidence can be admitted to prove an orally agreed-on condition precedent, which is an event that must occur before a party is obligated to perform under a contract. This does not contradict the written terms but rather clarifies when the contract obligations are to be triggered.

Question 4

Grain Farms, LLC, and Harvest-to-Market Truck & Transport Company sign a writ?ten con?tract that does not involve a sale of goods. To be enforceable, the writing must include
A) a correct title, such as "Shipment Contract."
B) all essential and nonessential terms.
C) a statement of the consideration.
D) a description of the parties' businesses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Grain Farms, LLC, and Harvest-to-Market Truck &...

Question 5

In a transaction for the sale of a warehouse, Standard Storage Company tells Tri-County Investment Corporation that the office furniture is in?cluded. The contract says nothing about office furniture, but does state, "This document supersedes all oral promises relating to the sale." Is the furniture part of the sale? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a transaction for the sale of...

Question 6

Evermore Sports Gear Corporation and Trendy Goods, Inc., enter into a contract. To be enforceable, the contract must include
A) no particular signatures.
B) the signatures of all parties to the deal.
C) the signature of the party against whom enforcement is sought.
D) the signature of the party who is seeking enforcement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evermore Sports Gear Corporation and Trendy Goods,...

Question 7

Hal's True Hardware Stores and Ideal Tools, Inc., sign a written con?tract for a sale of goods. To be enforceable, this written contract must include
A) a correct title, such as "Purchase Order" or "Sales Invoice."
B) a date, such as "October 2014" or "10/2014."
C) a quantity term, such as "50 hammers" or "100 boxes of assorted nails."
D) the parties' contact information.

Accepted Answer

The quantity term is essential for the contract to be enforceable, as it specifies the amount of goods being sold. Although the other options may be useful for record-keeping and clarification, they are not necessary for the contract to be enforceable.

Question 8

Raconteur Data Analysis Corporation in Seattle, Washington, offers a job to Trista, who lives in Utah. Trista orally agrees to work for Raconteur for two years. She moves her family to Seattle and begins work. Three months later, she is fired for no stated cause. She files a suit against Raconteur for rein?statement or pay. Raconteur pleads the lack of a written con?tract. In whose favor is the court likely to rule, and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Raconteur Data Analysis Corporation in Seattle, Washington,...

Question 9

Hanson and Taylor sign a written contract for the transfer of Hanson's Foot & Ankle Clinic to Taylor. Hanson claims that the parties later orally agreed to modify it. Any oral modification is likely not enforceable if it falls under
A) the doctrine of promissory estoppel.
B) the "main purpose" rule.
C) the "partial performance" exception.
D) the Statute of Frauds.

Accepted Answer

The Statute of Frauds requires certain contracts to be in writing, including contracts for the transfer of an interest in real estate or a contract that cannot be performed within one year. If the oral modification relates to a contract covered by the Statute of Frauds, it would not be enforceable.

Question 10

Brenda induces Carmen to enter into a contract for the sale of a gas station and convenience store. Brenda tells Carmen that she is the sole owner, but their signed, written contract lists Brenda's parents as co-owners. The parol evidence rule governs
A) contracts that are induced by fraud.
B) contracts that must be in writing to be enforceable.
C) the admissibility in court of oral evidence.
D) the merging of oral and written statements into one contract.

Accepted Answer

The parol evidence rule governs the admissibility in court of oral evidence. In this case, if Carmen tried to argue that Brenda had lied about being the sole owner, she would not be able to introduce any parol (oral) evidence that contradicts the written contract. So, option C is the correct answer. Option A could also be argued, as inducing someone to enter a contract through fraud would render the contract voidable. But the parol evidence rule specifically deals with the admissibility of evidence in court, not the validity of the contract itself, so option C is still the better choice. Option B is not relevant because the contract is already in writing. Option D is not correct because the parol evidence rule prevents the merging of oral and written statements if they conflict with each other.

Question 11

Chloe files a suit against Digital Associates, Inc. (DAI), to enforce a con?tract. The only written evidence of the contract is a memo on DAI's let?terhead as signed by a DAI officer in its files. The con?tract can be en?forced if the memo includes
A) a correct title, such as "Chloe-DAI Contract."
B) all essential terms.
C) a statement of the consideration.
D) the parties' addresses.

Accepted Answer

To be enforceable, a contract must specify all essential terms. While a correct title or the parties' addresses may be helpful in identifying the contract or the parties, they are not essential for enforceability. A statement of consideration is also not necessary as consideration can be implied. Thus, the most important requirement for enforceability is that all essential terms are included in the written evidence of the contract.

Question 12

Fact Pattern 13-1 
Alain and Brie sign a contract for the sale of Alain's Coffee Café to Brie. The parties intend their written contract to be a final statement of most, but not all, of the terms of their agreement-Alain must first buy the building from Developed Commercial Properties, Inc., after which Alain and Brie will negotiate a price.
-Refer to Fact Pattern 13-1. The writing that Alain and Brie signed is
A) a completely integrated contract.
B) a conditionally integrated contract.
C) a partially integrated contract.
D) a supplemental integrated contract.

Accepted Answer

The contract signed by Alain and Brie is a partially integrated contract, as it is intended to be a final statement of most, but not all, of the terms of their agreement. The fact that the price negotiation is not included in the contract suggests that it is not completely integrated.

Quiz 13: The Statute of Fraudswriting Requirement

Ranchland Properties and Prairie State Investments sign a writ?ten contract for a sale of land. In some states, to be enforceable, this con?tract must include

Ulrich files a suit against Vern to enforce a written con?tract. If the court finds that the parties intended the contract to be the final statement of their agreement, parol evidence can be admitted to prove

Grain Farms, LLC, and Harvest-to-Market Truck & Transport Company sign a writ?ten con?tract that does not involve a sale of goods. To be enforceable, the writing must include

Evermore Sports Gear Corporation and Trendy Goods, Inc., enter into a contract. To be enforceable, the contract must include

Hal's True Hardware Stores and Ideal Tools, Inc., sign a written con?tract for a sale of goods. To be enforceable, this written contract must include

Hanson and Taylor sign a written contract for the transfer of Hanson's Foot & Ankle Clinic to Taylor. Hanson claims that the parties later orally agreed to modify it. Any oral modification is likely not enforceable if it falls under

Brenda induces Carmen to enter into a contract for the sale of a gas station and convenience store. Brenda tells Carmen that she is the sole owner, but their signed, written contract lists Brenda's parents as co-owners. The parol evidence rule governs

Chloe files a suit against Digital Associates, Inc. (DAI) , to enforce a con?tract. The only written evidence of the contract is a memo on DAI's let?terhead as signed by a DAI officer in its files. The con?tract can be en?forced if the memo includes