Question 1

Type: MCMR A patient with fluid overload is prescribed furosemide (Lasix) 20 mg by mouth each day. What should the nurse include when teaching the patient about this medication?

Accepted Answer

A: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that helps increase urine output. Therefore, patients can expect their urination to increase.
C: Monitoring body weight daily can help show the effectiveness of the medication in reducing fluid overload. It can also assist in adjusting the dosage.
D: Swelling of the face or hands can indicate an adverse reaction to furosemide, and patients need to report it to their healthcare provider.

Question 2

The nurse is reviewing care needs for a group of assigned patients. Which patients should the nurse identify as being at risk for the development of hypercalcemia?

Accepted Answer

Patients with malignancy, those taking lithium, those with hyperparathyroidism, and those who overuse antacids are at risk for hypercalcemia due to increased calcium release from bones, altered renal calcium handling, or increased calcium absorption.

Question 3

Type: MCMR A patient with chronic renal failure has an occluded arteriovenous fistula, and routine hemodialysis is delayed. However, the patient's serum potassium level is 6.0 mEq/L. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Type: MCMR A patient with chronic renal...

Question 4

A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus is admitted to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. ABG results reveal a pH of 7.2 and a bicarbonate level of 20 mEq/L. What other assessment findings should the nurse anticipate in this patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus...

Question 5

An older postoperative patient is demonstrating lethargy, confusion, and a respiratory rate of 8 per minute. The nurse sees that the last dose of pain medication administered via a patient controlled anesthesia (PCA) pump was within 30 minutes. Which acid‒base disorder might this patient be experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The patient's lethargy, confusion, and low respiratory rate may indicate hypoventilation, which can cause retention of carbon dioxide and decreased pH, resulting in respiratory acidosis. The recent administration of pain medication may have contributed to the hypoventilation.

Question 6

The patient is prescribed to receive intravenous potassium chloride (KCL). Which actions should the nurse take when administering this medication?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient is prescribed to receive intravenous...

Question 7

A patient weighing 176 lbs. is recovering from mild dehydration. The patient is awake, alert, and can safely take oral fluids. How many mL of fluid should the nurse instruct the patient to consume every day?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient weighing 176 lbs. is recovering...

Question 8

Type: MCMR The nurse is concerned that a patient recovering from a thyroidectomy is developing hypocalcemia. What findings did the nurse use to come to this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Hypocalcemia can cause neuromuscular symptoms such as tingling in the fingers (B), facial muscle contraction (C), numbness in the foot (D), and carpal spasm during blood pressure measurement, known as Trousseau's sign (E).

Question 9

The patient who has a serum magnesium level of 1.4 mg/dL is being treated with dietary modification. Which foods should the nurse suggest for this patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient who has a serum magnesium...

Question 10

A patient has a serum phosphate level of 4.7 mg/dL. Which treatments should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has a serum phosphate level...

Question 11

A patient has been placed on a 1200 mL daily fluid restriction. The patient's IV is infusing at a keep open rate of 10 mL/hr. The patient has no additional IV medications. How much fluid should the patient be permitted from 0700 until 1500? Standard Text:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has been placed on a...

Question 12

A patient has a serum sodium level of 145 mEq/L, serum chloride level of 114 mEq/L, and serum bicarbonate level of 20 mEq/L. What should the nurse calculate as being this patient's anion gap?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has a serum sodium level...

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a patient with serum potassium of 5.9 mEq/L. Which electrocardiogram tracing should the nurse expect to observe in this patient? Place an "X" on the tracing that is most likely to represent the patient's cardiac electrical activity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for a patient...

Quiz 10: Nursing Care of Patients With Altered Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Balance