Question 1

Tom is a relatively reserved individual who does not like to take risks.While in university,he does not like to take classes that he isn't sure he can do well at,as he believes he is stupid when he gets poor grades and ends up dropping those classes because he can't change his grades.Tom likely believes that intelligence is

Accepted Answer

Tom's behavior indicates that he believes intelligence is a fixed entity that cannot be changed or improved. He avoids taking classes that he is not confident in and believes that if he receives poor grades, it is because he is inherently unintelligent.

Question 2

General findings concerning gender differences and IQ scores reveal that

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that on average, women tend to score higher on verbal tasks than men. This includes tasks such as reading comprehension and vocabulary. However, it should be noted that there is overlap between genders and individuals of both genders can excel in verbal tasks.

Question 3

Which of the following is not one of the explanations for the Flynn effect?

Accepted Answer

Poorer nutrition.

Question 4

Identical twins have IQ correlations around 0.7,whereas fraternal twins have IQ correlations of about 0.3.What do these correlations suggest?

Accepted Answer

The correlations suggest that there is a stronger genetic influence on IQ for identical twins than for fraternal twins. This is because identical twins share 100% of their genes, while fraternal twins share only 50% on average. Therefore, the higher correlation for identical twins implies that genetics play a larger role in determining IQ than environmental factors.

Question 5

While women do better than men on __________,men tend to outperform women on __________.

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently shown that women tend to outperform men on verbal tasks, while men tend to outperform women on mental rotation tasks. This could be due to societal and cultural factors, such as gender stereotypes and expectations for men and women in different fields.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about heredity and intelligence is true?

Accepted Answer

This statement is true because if identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different environments have similar intelligence scores, it suggests that hereditary influences played a significant role in their intelligence. Therefore, the similarity in their scores must be due to hereditary influences. It is not necessary that differences in intelligence between identical twins must be due to differences in their environments, as there could be several other factors that affect their intelligence. Additionally, prenatal influences do have an impact on intelligence and cannot be ignored while examining environmental influences.

Question 7

Which of the following statements reflects the correct match between the sex and enhanced specific mental ability?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements reflects the...

Question 8

Rosenthal's "rapid bloomers" study demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

Rosenthal's study showed that when teachers were led to expect greater academic performance from certain students, those students performed better, demonstrating the impact of teacher expectations on student achievement.

Question 9

Ivie and Ray's (1990)study tracked female graduates in various academic disciplines over 40 years.Each of the disciplines increased over that time,except one that increased moderately,and then decreased.Which discipline is that?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ivie and Ray's (1990)study tracked female graduates...

Question 10

What hormone may be linked to variations in verbal ability?

Accepted Answer

Research has suggested that estrogen may play a role in verbal ability. Studies have found a positive relationship between high levels of estrogen and better verbal memory, fluency, and comprehension in women. However, more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between estrogen and verbal ability.

Question 11

Which statement reflects Arthur Jensen's views concerning IQ and preschool enrichment programs?

Accepted Answer

Arthur Jensen was a controversial psychologist who argued that IQ is largely determined by genetics and that there are inherent differences in intelligence between races. He believed that preschool enrichment programs cannot appreciably boost children's IQ scores, as he believed that intelligence is largely fixed at birth.

Question 12

According to the Flynn effect,if the average IQ in 2010 was 105,what will the average IQ be in 2050?

Accepted Answer

The Flynn effect suggests that IQ scores increase by approximately 3 points every decade. Therefore, from 2010 to 2050, which is a 4-decade period, we can expect an increase of 12 points (4 x 3 = 12). Adding the increase to the 2010 average IQ of 105, we get 117 as the estimated average IQ in 2050. Therefore, the correct answer is option C) 117.

Question 13

Which is true regarding correlational research that focuses on family size and IQ?

Accepted Answer

Research has generally found that children from smaller families tend to have higher IQs than those from larger families, possibly due to factors like resource allocation and parental attention.

Question 14

The "Flynn effect" refers to

Accepted Answer

The "Flynn effect" refers to the finding that IQ scores have steadily increased over the last decade. It is named after James R. Flynn, who observed this trend during his research in the 1980s and 1990s. This effect suggests that people today are scoring higher on IQ tests than previous generations did.

Question 15

Which of the following conclusions about the effects of breastfeeding on IQ is accurate?

Accepted Answer

While some studies have found a positive association between breastfeeding and IQ, there are many other factors that could also contribute to IQ such as maternal education, socioeconomic status, and genetics. Therefore, it is difficult to draw a causal conclusion solely based on the correlation between breastfeeding and IQ, and choice D is the most accurate option.

Question 16

What can be accurately said about the relationship between schooling and intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Educated people have more neural connections than less-educated people.

Question 17

Which of the following examples would be associated with the lowest IQ based on research concerning birth order and intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following examples would be...

Question 18

What is a major possible confound in adoption studies that could limit their conclusions?

Accepted Answer

Adoption agencies often try to match children with adoptive families that are similar to their biological families in terms of socioeconomic status and other factors, which can confound the results by making it difficult to separate the effects of genetics and environment.

Question 19

Children identified as "bloomers" in their classrooms may show elevated IQs not because of their own intelligence but because of

Accepted Answer

Experimenter expectancy effects occur when a researcher's expectations influence the participants' behavior, leading to changes in outcomes such as elevated IQs in "bloomers."

Question 20

When we consider intelligence,it is important to remember that although the __________ sets limits on a child's potential,it is the __________ that permits that potential to be actualized.

Accepted Answer

The first part of the statement is referring to the nature vs nurture debate in which heredity (genes) sets limits on a child's potential. However, it is the environment (education, upbringing, experiences) that allows that potential to be realized. Therefore, the best choice is C - heredity (nature) and environment (nurture).

Quiz 9: D: Intelligence and Iq Testing