Question 1

"Oh my gosh," Sara exclaims as she leaves her biology exam."I just KNOW that I got number 48 wrong! I just know that I'm going to fail this class." According to a cognitive psychologist,Sara is engaging in which of the following distorted thought processes?
A)all-or-nothing thinking
B)magnification
C)overgeneralization
D)minimization

Accepted Answer

Sara is engaging in all-or-nothing thinking because she believes that she will fail the entire class if she gets one question wrong.

Question 2

When a patient arrives in the emergency room,he is restless and irritable with unlimited energy and a rapid rate of speech.The attending psychiatrist believes the patient has taken cocaine or amphetamines and admits him for observation.The next day,the symptoms are the same.What condition with symptoms that are similar to those associated with amphetamine use might the psychiatrist now consider as a condition that is relevant to the diagnosis?
A)mania
B)dissociative fugue
C)conversion disorder
D)catatonic schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of restlessness, irritability, unlimited energy, and rapid speech are consistent with those of amphetamine use as well as those of mania, a mood disorder characterized by elevated or irritable mood, grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, increased talkativeness, and increased goal-directed activity. Therefore, the psychiatrist should consider mania as a possible diagnosis in this case.

Question 3

Liza has an anxiety disorder.She is currently seeing a therapist who believes that anxiety disorders are a result of illogical,irrational thought processes.Liza is probably seeking treatment from a _____________.
A)behaviorial psychologist
B)cognitive psychologist
C)psychoanalyst
D)psychologist with a biological perspective

Accepted Answer

Liza's therapist believes that anxiety disorders are a result of illogical, irrational thought processes. This suggests that the therapist is working from a cognitive perspective, which focuses on how our thoughts and beliefs influence our behavior and emotions.

Question 4

Which of the following culture-bound disorders is most commonly seen in Latin America?
A)ataque de nervios
B)koro
C)anorexia nervosa
D)amok

Accepted Answer

Ataque de nervios which translates to "attack of nerves" is a culture-bound syndrome mainly seen in Latin America. It is characterized by an intense emotional outburst of crying, screaming, trembling, and verbal or physical aggression.

Question 5

Which of the following is a legitimate hypothesis that explains why the rate of depression appears to be twice as high for women as compared to men across various cultures?
A)Women seek treatment more often than men.
B)Women appear to have excessive amounts of the neurotransmitter that plays a key role in depression.
C)The increased divorce rate has been more traumatic to how women view themselves and their purpose in life.
D)The different social roles played by women predispose them to depression.

Accepted Answer

This hypothesis suggests that biological differences between men and women may not be the sole factor in the higher rates of depression in women. Instead, the different social roles that women are expected to fulfill in many cultures (e.g. caregiver, homemaker, etc.) may contribute to more stress, less social support, and ultimately higher rates of depression. This hypothesis is supported by cross-cultural research showing that women who adopt more traditional gender roles (even in modern societies) are more likely to experience depression.

Question 6

Disorders characterized by disturbances in emotion are known as ______ disorders.
A)conversion
B)somatoform
C)mood
D)dissociative

Accepted Answer

Mood disorders are characterized by disturbances in emotion, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and other related disorders. Conversion disorders involve physical symptoms that have no medical explanation, somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms that are exaggerated or invented, and dissociative disorders involve disruptions in memory, consciousness, and identity.

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of major depressive disorder?
A)depressed mood that comes and goes frequently
B)diminished interest in daily activities
C)heightened interest in sexual activity
D)an enhanced sense of creativity

Accepted Answer

One of the key features of major depressive disorder is diminished interest or pleasure in most activities, including hobbies and socializing, which is not seen in choices A, C, and D.

Question 8

While talking with his best friend Johnny,Maurice,who is clearly down and out,says "Dude,I just have no luck with girls at all.I asked Gina out last night and she turned me down flat.Nobody will EVER want to go out with me.Why am I such a loser?" Because Johnny has recently taken an abnormal psychology class,he uses a cognitive perspective to answer Maurice.Which of the following might Johnny say?
A)"You know,buddy,it sounds like you're really stuck in a battle between your id and superego!"
B)"Hey,friend,I think that you've learned to see yourself negatively,so now you need to learn to see yourself positively!"
C)"You know,dude,I think your neurotransmitters are all out of whack.Why don't you go to a doctor?"
D)"Hey,pal,you are really overgeneralizing.Just because Gina said no doesn't mean that all girls will!"

Accepted Answer

Johnny is using a cognitive perspective to address Maurice's negative self-talk and unrealistic assumptions. By pointing out that Maurice is overgeneralizing and assuming that all girls will reject him just because one did, Johnny is challenging Maurice's negative thoughts and encouraging him to view the situation more realistically. Choice A refers to psychoanalytic theory, not cognitive theory. Choice B sounds like a positive psychology approach, but it doesn't specifically address Maurice's thought patterns. Choice C is not relevant to Maurice's current situation.

Question 9

What symptoms of bipolar disorder are present in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
A)irrational thinking
B)mania
C)hyperactivity
D)depression

Accepted Answer

Hyperactivity is a symptom present in both bipolar disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but mania and depression are specific to bipolar disorder and irrational thinking is not a typical symptom of either disorder.

Question 10

The term affect is used by psychologists to refer to ______.
A)thought
B)emotion
C)behavior
D)intuition

Accepted Answer

The term affect is used by psychologists to refer to emotion. Affect refers to the experience of feeling or emotion, such as happiness, sadness, fear, or anger. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D can be ruled out as they do not accurately reflect the meaning of the term affect as used in psychology.

Question 11

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)seems to be related to __________.
A)low levels of thyroxine
B)low levels of sunlight
C)high levels of thyroxine
D)high levels of sunlight

Accepted Answer

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that is related to changes in seasons, specifically in response to the decreased amount of sunlight in the fall and winter months. Therefore, low levels of sunlight are most closely related to the onset of SAD.

Question 12

__________ is a mood disorder that is caused by the body's reaction to low levels of light present in the winter months.
A)Panic disorder
B)Bipolar disorder
C)Dysthymic disorder
D)Seasonal affective disorder

Accepted Answer

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder that is caused by the body's reaction to low levels of light present in the winter months. Symptoms include feelings of sadness, lethargy, and a lack of motivation. Treatment options may include light therapy, medication, and psychotherapy.

Question 13

A person who suffers from bipolar disorder alternates between periods of ________.
A)anxiety and mania
B)depression and manic episodes
C)mania and schizophrenia
D)depression and schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder involves cycles of depression and manic episodes. Anxiety and schizophrenia can be present in some cases, but they are not the defining features of the disorder.

Question 14

According to the biological perspective,generalized anxiety disorder is _________.
A)a danger signal that repressed conflicts are threatening to surface
B)a learned reaction
C)the result of illogical,irrational thought processes
D)linked to an imbalance in several neurotransmitters in the nervous system

Accepted Answer

The biological perspective suggests that generalized anxiety disorder is linked to an imbalance in several neurotransmitters in the nervous system. Research has shown that individuals with GAD have lower levels of the neurotransmitter GABA, which helps to regulate anxiety, as well as imbalances in other neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine. Medications that increase the availability of these neurotransmitters in the brain, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and benzodiazepines, have been shown to effectively treat GAD.

Question 15

Padma is extremely confident and feels that lately she needs very little slee
A)a manic episode
B)a dysthymic episode
C)a loss of mental control
D)a psychotic break

Accepted Answer

Padma's extreme confidence and decreased need for sleep may indicate a manic episode, which is a symptom of mood disorders such as bipolar disorder. A dysthymic episode is a persistent low mood, which contrasts with Padma's confidence. Loss of mental control and psychotic break involve more severe symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, which are not mentioned in the scenario.

Question 16

Sandy has a tendency to make everything seem much worse than it actually is.Beck would say that Sandy has a tendency to engage in ___________.
A)overgeneralization
B)minimization
C)all-or-nothing-thinking
D)magnification

Accepted Answer

Magnification, also known as catastrophizing or amplifying, is the tendency to over-exaggerate or blow things out of proportion. This aligns with Sandy's tendency to make everything seem much worse than it actually is.

Question 17

Which cognitive event,often attributed to the work of Martin Seligman,is hypothesized as contributing to the development and maintenance of major depression?
A)self-efficacy
B)learned helplessness
C)reciprocal determinism
D)all-or-none thinking

Accepted Answer

Martin Seligman's work on learned helplessness theorizes that when individuals are exposed to uncontrollable negative events, they develop a sense of helplessness and lose motivation to try to change their situation. This can contribute to the development and maintenance of major depression.

Question 18

The disorder or culture-bound syndrome in which men fear that their penis is shrinking is primarily found in which country?
A)subarctic Eskimo communities
B)Great Britain
C)Sri Lanka
D)China

Accepted Answer

The disorder known as "Koro" is a culture-bound syndrome primarily found in China, where men fear that their penis is shrinking or retracting into the body.

Question 19

Which of the following is true regarding gender differences in the diagnosis of depression?
A)Gender differences are nonexistent in college students and single adults.
B)Gender differences get larger as adults get older.
C)Gender differences in childhood tend to reverse themselves in adulthood.
D)Women are always diagnosed with depression more than men,regardless of occupation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true regarding...

Question 20

Severe depression that comes on suddenly or seems to have no external cause is called ______.
A)dysthymia
B)bipolar disorder
C)hypomania
D)major depressive disorder

Accepted Answer

Major depressive disorder (also known as clinical depression) is characterized by a severe and persistent low mood that lasts for at least two weeks and significantly interferes with daily functioning. It can occur suddenly and without an external cause, or it may be triggered by a stressful event. Dysthymia is a milder form of depression that typically lasts for at least two years, while bipolar disorder involves cycles of depression and mania. Hypomania is a less severe form of mania.

Quiz 14: Statistics in Psychology

"Oh my gosh," Sara exclaims as she leaves her biology exam."I just KNOW that I got number 48 wrong! I just know that I'm going to fail this class." According to a cognitive psychologist,Sara is engaging in which of the following distorted thought processes?

Liza has an anxiety disorder.She is currently seeing a therapist who believes that anxiety disorders are a result of illogical,irrational thought processes.Liza is probably seeking treatment from a _____________.

Which of the following culture-bound disorders is most commonly seen in Latin America?

Which of the following is a legitimate hypothesis that explains why the rate of depression appears to be twice as high for women as compared to men across various cultures?

Disorders characterized by disturbances in emotion are known as ______ disorders.

Which of the following is a characteristic of major depressive disorder?

What symptoms of bipolar disorder are present in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?

The term affect is used by psychologists to refer to ______.

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) seems to be related to __________.

__________ is a mood disorder that is caused by the body's reaction to low levels of light present in the winter months.

A person who suffers from bipolar disorder alternates between periods of ________.

According to the biological perspective,generalized anxiety disorder is _________.

Padma is extremely confident and feels that lately she needs very little slee

Sandy has a tendency to make everything seem much worse than it actually is.Beck would say that Sandy has a tendency to engage in ___________.

Which cognitive event,often attributed to the work of Martin Seligman,is hypothesized as contributing to the development and maintenance of major depression?

The disorder or culture-bound syndrome in which men fear that their penis is shrinking is primarily found in which country?

Which of the following is true regarding gender differences in the diagnosis of depression?

Severe depression that comes on suddenly or seems to have no external cause is called ______.