Question 1

Research finds that health disparities are affected by social conditions. For example, racial minorities are more likely than other groups to live near

Accepted Answer

hazardous waste facilities.

Question 2

_____ generally work in the lowest rungs of the low-wage workforce.

Accepted Answer

Immigrants

Question 3

The chapter notes that even if "racism in the head" disappeared, "racism in the world" would not, because it is the system that disadvantages. This is because discrimination _____ occur without _____ bigotry.

Accepted Answer

can; conscious

Question 4

_____ theories attribute the plight of certain minorities to prejudiced attitudes held by members of the society's dominant group.

Accepted Answer

Bias

Question 5

The exclusion of minorities from the upper levels of education is likely to affect their opportunities, such as access to high-paying jobs and advancement. This is an example of how institutional discrimination is reinforced because institutions are

Accepted Answer

interrelated.

Question 6

Maxine is a proponent of the order perspective on race and culture. She says that her ancestors came to the United States as immigrants and because they _____, they were able to rise to the middle class and fit in with other Americans.

Accepted Answer

assimilated

Question 7

According to _____, racial stratification exists because certain segments of society benefit from it.

Accepted Answer

conflict theorists

Question 8

Proponents of the theory known as the _____ poverty claim that people in poverty are to blame for their own condition.

Accepted Answer

culture of

Question 9

The Bell Curve was a book published in 1994 that supported the theory of _____ deficiency, a form of deficiency theory, by claiming that Blacks are innately inferior to Whites.

Accepted Answer

biological

Question 10

Which theory is based on the sociological belief that problems relating to racism are more "in the world" than "in the head," meaning more about society and less about individuals.

Accepted Answer

Structural discrimination

Question 11

The idea that some groups of people are disadvantaged because they are actually inferior is represented in _____ theories.

Accepted Answer

deficiency

Question 12

Individual racism is distiguished by

Accepted Answer

prejudice and behavior that harms particular people and their property.

Question 13

According to cultural deficiency theory, one reason certain minority groups remain at the bottom is because they

Accepted Answer

fail to take advantage of the opportunities in society.

Question 14

All structural theories of racial inequality agree that _____ is important in determining present conditions and resistance to change.

Accepted Answer

history

Question 15

The terms dominant group and minority group describe _____, regardless of the size of the groups.

Accepted Answer

power differences

Question 16

What is defined as a complex pattern of racial advantage built into the structure of society?

Accepted Answer

Institutional racism

Question 17

Which term refers to the disproportionate exposure of some racial groups to environmental toxic substances?

Accepted Answer

Environmental racism

Question 18

Lawrence Bobo's research shows that prejudice has declined in the United States. It also shows that most White Americans

Accepted Answer

are still unwilling to support social practices and policies to address racial inequalities.

Question 19

Between 1990 and 2010, the percentage of African Americans in management positions in the United States

Accepted Answer

increased from 17% to 29%.

Question 20

Researchers at the Health Policy Institute of the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies in Washington, D.C., claim that _____ is more important than genetic code in determining a person's health.

Accepted Answer

zip code

Quiz 9: Racial Inequality