Question 1

Donald is against immigration, especially illegal immigration from Mexico. He complains loudly that immigrants expect social services but do not pay the taxes that support them. His brother, Bernie, points out that

Accepted Answer

undocumented immigrants pay a variety of taxes, such as income, Social Security, Medicare, and sales taxes.

Question 2

On average, life expectancy for an African American is about _____ years than for a White person the same age.

Accepted Answer

four fewer

Question 3

About one million people legally migrate into the United States every year. How many unauthorized people per year enter the country and stay?

Accepted Answer

About 525,000

Question 4

A study by the Academy of Sciences found that by the time a typical immigrant with a family dies, that immigrant and his or her children will have paid _____ government benefits.

Accepted Answer

$80,000 more in taxes than they received in

Question 5

Immigrants are more likely than the rest of the population to _____, which in turn creates jobs and adds strength to local economies.

Accepted Answer

be self-employed and to start their own businesses

Question 6

The chapter argues that immigration can be understood as an act of _____, because people make a choice to leave all they know behind in order to come to a new place for economic opportunity or to flee repression.

Accepted Answer

human agency

Question 7

The evidence is that immigrants _____ on the wages of most Americans, except for the low-wage, poorly skilled, poorly educated segment of workers.

Accepted Answer

do not have negative effects

Question 8

About _____ of elderly women and _____ of elderly men live alone in the United States.

Accepted Answer

40%; 19%

Question 9

Women's greater longevity, the social norm for men to marry younger women, and the traditional Social Security bias against women combine to create two problems for elderly women: _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

isolation; poverty

Question 10

Henry is a healthy baby boy who was just born today. Based on current projections, his chance of living to be 100 is

Accepted Answer

about fifty-fifty.

Question 11

Because life expectancy is about five years more for women than men, older women outnumber older men by a ratio of

Accepted Answer

three to two.

Question 12

Up until the 20th century, the United States was a youthful nation. What has changed that situation?

Accepted Answer

A falling birthrate combined with greater longevity.

Question 13

The states with the most _____ have the highest levels of anti-immigrant feeling.

Accepted Answer

immigrants

Question 14

Currently, the largest racial-ethnic group among the elderly in the United States is

Accepted Answer

Whites.

Question 15

In the 1920s, the United States established the _____ rule to limit the number of immigrants it would accept, to limit the number of Eastern Europeans who enter the country, and to deny entry to Asians.

Accepted Answer

national origins

Question 16

There are several categories of elderly people, due in part to the fact that old people in our society are living longer. People age 85 and older fall into the category of the

Accepted Answer

old-old.

Question 17

Peter, a third-generation Mexican American, goes by this name instead of his birth name (Pedro) because he does not speak Spanish and just finds it easier. He works as an architect and is married to a young woman of Korean descent who only speaks Korean with her parents. As a member of an ethnic minority whose life is no different from his White peers, Peter can be considered

Accepted Answer

assimilated.

Question 18

For immigrants who remain in the United States, evidence shows that they are a burden on the economy for two decades mainly because of educational costs. After that

Accepted Answer

the society benefits monetarily.

Question 19

Arizona has a particularly tough law penalizing employers who hire illegal immigrants (who are paid significantly less than American citizens). The irony of this situation is that

Accepted Answer

jobs in Arizona's semiconductor industry have been outsourced to foreign countries with cheaper labor.

Question 20

Which term refers to the process by which individuals or groups adopt the culture of another group, losing their original identity?

Accepted Answer

Assimilation

Quiz 16: Structural Sources of Social Change: Economic and Demographic