Question 1

The part of the brain most people think of when they talk about the brain is the __________.
A)cerebral cortex
B)pons
C)medulla
D)cerebellum

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain that is responsible for many of the functions that people associate with the brain, such as consciousness, thought, and perception. The other options (pons, medulla, cerebellum) are all located in different parts of the brain and are responsible for other functions such as regulating heartbeat, balance, and movement.

Question 2

The cerebellum __________.
A)controls blood pressure
B)is involved in emotional behavior
C)coordinates actions so that movements are efficient
D)relays messages from the sensory receptors

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating actions so that movements are efficient. It receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain, and then regulates motor movements.

Question 3

The structure in the hindbrain that controls certain reflexes and coordinates the body's movements is the __________.
A)medulla
B)cerebellum
C)pons
D)reticular formation

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is the hindbrain structure responsible for controlling certain reflexes and coordinating the body's movements. The medulla is also a hindbrain structure, but it is primarily responsible for regulating vital functions, such as breathing and heart rate. The pons is another hindbrain structure that helps to relay signals between different parts of the brain, as well as to the spinal cord. The reticular formation is located throughout the brainstem and is involved in regulating arousal and consciousness.

Question 4

"Split Brain" patients are patients who have had _________
A)a prefrontal lobotomy
B)their cerebellum split in the middle
C)their corpus callosum cut
D)a fracture skull in which bone fragments penetrated into the brain

Accepted Answer

Split brain patients have had their corpus callosum cut, which is a bundle of nerve fibers connecting the two hemispheres of the brain. This procedure is often done as a treatment for epilepsy.

Question 5

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in spatial tasks?
A)the front hemisphere
B)the rear hemisphere
C)the left hemisphere
D)the right hemisphere

Accepted Answer

The right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in spatial tasks. This hemisphere is responsible for processing visual-spatial information, including perception of the shape and orientation of objects, spatial memory, and navigation. Individuals with damage to the right hemisphere may have difficulties with spatial awareness and orientation.

Question 6

The notion that human language production is controlled primarily by the left cerebral cortex was first proposed by __________.
A)Paul Broca
B)Sally Shaywitz
C)Karl Wernicke
D)Hermann Ebbinghaus

Accepted Answer

The notion that language production is primarily controlled by the left cerebral cortex was first suggested by Paul Broca in the 19th century. Broca studied patients with language deficits and found that those who had difficulty producing speech had damage to a specific area of the left frontal lobe, which became known as Broca's area.

Question 7

The part of the brain which interprets visual information is the __________.
A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Accepted Answer

The occipital lobe is responsible for interpreting visual information, which includes processing color, shape, and movement.

Question 8

A young woman recovering from a blow to her head finds she has great difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her movements.Injury to which part of her brain is likely to be causing her difficulties?
A)cerebellum
B)medulla
C)cerebral cortex
D)thalamus

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is responsible for fine-tuning movement and coordinating balance. Damage to this part of the brain can result in difficulties with maintaining balance and coordinating movements.

Question 9

The part of the brain that receives sensations of touch,balance,bodily position,and oversees spatial abilities is the __________.
A)occipital lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)frontal lobe

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for receiving sensations of touch, bodily position, balance, and spatial abilities. The occipital lobe is responsible for vision, the temporal lobe is responsible for auditory processing, and the frontal lobe is responsible for decision making, problem-solving, and motor functions.

Question 10

Despite its dangers,a young man continues to take cocaine because of the feeling of euphoria it produces for him.This powerful arousal of his nervous system is probably due to cocaine's ability to:
A)inhibit enzymes that break down neurotransmitters.
B)increase the release of neurotransmitters.
C)block the receptor sites for neurotransmitters.
D)prevent neurotransmitters from being reabsorbed into the synaptic vesicles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite its dangers,a young man continues to...

Question 11

The ___________ gland produces the hormone which regulates the body's rate of metabolism.
A)pituitary
B)adrenal
C)thyroid
D)parathyroid

Accepted Answer

The thyroid gland produces the hormone thyroxine, which regulates the body's rate of metabolism. The pituitary gland produces various hormones that regulate other endocrine glands, the adrenal gland produces hormones involved in stress response, and the parathyroid gland produces a hormone involved in calcium regulation.

Question 12

The area in the back of the temporal lobe that is important in our ability to listen and in processing and understanding what others are saying is __________.
A)Korsakoff's area
B)Wernicke's area
C)Broca's area
D)Sach's area

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area, located in the left hemisphere of the brain for most people, is responsible for language comprehension and understanding spoken words. It is important for our ability to listen and process incoming auditory information. Korsakoff's area is not a brain region related to language, but rather refers to a memory disorder. Broca's area is involved in language production, specifically the physical production of speech sounds. Sach's area is not a recognized brain region.

Question 13

Garfield is having great difficulty controlling his appetite.All he wants to do is eat and no matter how much he eats he is still hungry.His weight is approaching 400 pounds and he still constantly wants to eat.His physician says the problem is due to a disorder in a specific center of the brain.The brain center is most likely the
A)medulla
B)cerebral cortex
C)thalamus
D)hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating hunger and thirst. A disorder in this specific brain center can lead to an insatiable appetite, resulting in constant hunger and weight gain.

Question 14

The part of the brain that helps process hearing and gives meaning to words is the __________.
A)the occipital lobe
B)the temporal lobe
C)the parietal lobe
D)the frontal lobe

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for processing hearing and speech, as well as interpreting and giving meaning to words.

Question 15

The site of many mental processes that are unique to humans (self-awareness,initiative,planning ability,and goal-directed behavior)is the __________
A)occipital lobes
B)temporal lobes
C)parietal lobes
D)frontal lobes

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobes are responsible for higher order thinking processes, including self-awareness, initiative, planning ability, and goal-directed behavior.

Question 16

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks?
A)the front hemisphere
B)the rear hemisphere
C)the left hemisphere
D)the right hemisphere

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks, including reading, writing, speaking and understanding language. This is known as the left hemisphere dominance or lateralization of language.

Question 17

The forebrain is one of _______ operationally distinct sections of the brain
A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Accepted Answer

The forebrain is one of three operationally distinct sections of the brain, along with the midbrain and hindbrain.

Question 18

Estrogen is to _______ as testosterone is to _______.
A)gonads; testes
B)testes; ovaries
C)ovaries; testes
D)ovaries; gonads

Accepted Answer

Estrogen is a female sex hormone produced primarily in the ovaries, while testosterone is a male sex hormone produced primarily in the testes. Therefore, estrogen is to ovaries as testosterone is to testes.

Question 19

The outer surface of the two cerebral hemispheres that regulate most complex behavior is called the __________.
A)cerebellum
B)corpus callosum
C)cerebral cortex
D)substantia nigra

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is the outer surface of the two cerebral hemispheres and is responsible for regulating most complex behaviors, such as perception, attention, thought, language, and memory. The cerebellum is located underneath the cerebral cortex and is involved in motor control and coordination. The corpus callosum is a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, while the substantia nigra is a small area in the midbrain that is important for motor control and dopamine production.

Question 20

The part of the hind brain that largely controls breathing,heart rate,and blood pressure is the ______________.
A)cerebral cortex
B)pons
C)medulla
D)cerebellum

Accepted Answer

The medulla oblongata, located in the brainstem, is responsible for controlling vital bodily functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure. The pons, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex all have important functions in the brain, but do not have primary control over these bodily functions.

Quiz 4: The Brain: Source of Mind and the Self

The part of the brain most people think of when they talk about the brain is the __________.

The cerebellum __________.

The structure in the hindbrain that controls certain reflexes and coordinates the body's movements is the __________.

"Split Brain" patients are patients who have had _________

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in spatial tasks?

The notion that human language production is controlled primarily by the left cerebral cortex was first proposed by __________.

The part of the brain which interprets visual information is the __________.

A young woman recovering from a blow to her head finds she has great difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her movements.Injury to which part of her brain is likely to be causing her difficulties?

The part of the brain that receives sensations of touch,balance,bodily position,and oversees spatial abilities is the __________.

Despite its dangers,a young man continues to take cocaine because of the feeling of euphoria it produces for him.This powerful arousal of his nervous system is probably due to cocaine's ability to:

The ___________ gland produces the hormone which regulates the body's rate of metabolism.

The area in the back of the temporal lobe that is important in our ability to listen and in processing and understanding what others are saying is __________.

The part of the brain that helps process hearing and gives meaning to words is the __________.

The site of many mental processes that are unique to humans (self-awareness,initiative,planning ability,and goal-directed behavior) is the __________

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks?

The forebrain is one of _______ operationally distinct sections of the brain

Estrogen is to _ as testosterone is to _.

The outer surface of the two cerebral hemispheres that regulate most complex behavior is called the __________.

The part of the hind brain that largely controls breathing,heart rate,and blood pressure is the ______________.