Question 1

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the ringing of the bell was the _______.
A)unconditioned stimulus
B)unconditioned response
C)conditioned stimulus
D)conditioned response

Accepted Answer

The ringing of the bell became associated with the presentation of meat and therefore became a conditioned stimulus that elicited a conditioned response of salivating in the dogs even in the absence of the meat. The unconditioned stimulus would be the presentation of the meat, and the unconditioned response would be the natural response of salivating to the meat.

Question 2

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice thereafter,her heart raced.Old Spice After Shave was the:
A)unconditioned stimulus.
B)unconditioned response.
C)conditioned stimulus.
D)conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

In this scenario, Luke's kiss is the unconditioned stimulus (US) that naturally elicits a response (increase in heart rate) from Laura (unconditioned response - UR). Then, the smell of Old Spice after shave (neutral stimulus - NS) is paired with the US, and eventually, it becomes conditioned stimulus (CS) as it starts to elicit the same response from Laura (now called the conditioned response - CR) as the original US did. Therefore, the correct choice is C - Old Spice After Shave was the conditioned stimulus.

Question 3

When Luke kisses Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart raced.Laura's increased heart rate when Luke kissed her was the:
A)unconditioned stimulus.
B)unconditioned response.
C)conditioned stimulus.
D)conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Luke kisses Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke...

Question 4

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Bobby's faster breathing rate when he smells Chanel #5 is the:
A)US.
B)UR.
C)CS.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

Bobby's faster breathing rate in response to the smell of Chanel #5 is the conditioned response (CR) because it is a learned reaction to the conditioned stimulus (CS), which is the smell of Chanel #5.

Question 5

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Chanel #5 is the:
A)US.
B)UR.
C)CS.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

Chanel #5 is the conditioned stimulus (CS) because it has been paired with the unconditioned stimulus (US) of being with Bobby and experiencing romantic situations. This has led to the conditioned response (CR) of Bobby's accelerated breathing when he smells Chanel #5 on Sue.

Question 6

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6 year old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.The sight of dogs is the:
A)US. 
B)CS.
C)UR.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

The sight of dogs was previously neutral to Jodie (not causing a response), but after being paired with the painful event of being bitten, it became a conditioned stimulus (CS) that now elicits a fear response in Jodie.

Question 7

In classical conditioning,one must be sure to pair the:
A)US and CS.
B)US and UR.
C)CS and CR.
D)CS and UR.

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning, the pairing of the US (unconditioned stimulus) with the CS (conditioned stimulus) is necessary in order to establish a conditioned response (CR). The US is the stimulus that naturally elicits a response (UR) without any conditioning, while the CS is the stimulus that is initially neutral but later comes to evoke the same response as the US through repeated pairing. Pairing the US and CS creates an association in the subject's mind between the two stimuli and leads to the formation of a new response to the previously neutral stimulus. Therefore, it is crucial to pair the US and CS in classical conditioning.

Question 8

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Bobby's accelerated breathing when he and Sue kissed is the:
A)US.
B)UR.
C)CS.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's...

Question 9

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart would race.Laura's increased heart rate when she smelled Old Spice was the:
A)unconditioned stimulus.
B)unconditioned response.
C)conditioned stimulus.
D)conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

The kiss from Luke would be the unconditioned stimulus and Laura's increased heart rate would be the unconditioned response. However, over time the scent of Old Spice became associated with Luke, and thus the conditioned stimulus. Therefore, Laura's increased heart rate when smelling Old Spice is the conditioned response.

Question 10

In classical conditioning,one must pair the _______ before conditioning can occur.
A)US and CR
B)US and CS
C)CR and CS
D)UR and CR

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning, the US (unconditioned stimulus) and CS (conditioned stimulus) must be paired before conditioning can occur. The US naturally elicits a certain response (UR - unconditioned response) and when paired with a neutral CS, the CS starts to elicit a similar response (CR - conditioned response) after repeated pairings. Therefore, option B is the correct answer as it involves pairing the US and CS.

Question 11

Pairing the US and CS is essential for _______ to occur.
A)extinction
B)classical conditioning
C)operant conditioning
D)shaping

Accepted Answer

Pairing the US (unconditioned stimulus) with the CS (conditioned stimulus) is the basis of classical conditioning, where an organism learns to associate a neutral stimulus (CS) with a significant stimulus (US) and elicit a response that is typically caused only by the significant stimulus. Extinction (A) refers to the gradual disappearance of a learned behavior when the CS is presented without the US. Operant conditioning (C) is a form of learning where an organism learns to associate its own behavior with its consequences, and shaping (D) is a technique used in operant conditioning where desirable behaviors are reinforced gradually until the target behavior is achieved.

Question 12

Of the four basic elements of classical conditioning,the one the organism learns to respond to is the:
A)US.
B)UR.
C)CS.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

In classical conditioning, the CS (conditioned stimulus) is the neutral stimulus that is paired with the US (unconditioned stimulus) to elicit a response. The organism learns to respond to the CS, which was previously a neutral stimulus.

Question 13

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the presentation of the meat was the _______.
A)unconditioned stimulus
B)unconditioned response
C)conditioned stimulus
D)conditioned response

Accepted Answer

The unconditioned stimulus is the natural stimulus that automatically triggers a response without any learning involved. In this experiment, it is the presentation of meat, which automatically triggers the dogs' salivation without any prior conditioning.

Question 14

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increased.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart raced.Luke's kiss was the:
A)unconditioned stimulus.
B)unconditioned response.
C)conditioned stimulus.
D)conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increased.Luke...

Question 15

In classical conditioning the stimulus that normally evokes an automatic response even without new learning is called the:
A)conditioned stimulus.
B)reflexive stimulus.
C)unconditioned stimulus.
D)orienting stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The unconditioned stimulus (UCS) is the stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without having to learn it. It is often biologically significant such as food, pain, or a loud noise.

Question 16

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Whenever Bobby smelled Chanel #5,he began to breathe faster.Sue's kiss was the:
A)US.
B)UR.
C)CS.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

Sue's kiss was the Unconditioned Stimulus (US) because it naturally caused Bobby's breathing to accelerate without prior conditioning.

Question 17

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6 year old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.Jodie's crying when she sees dogs is the:
A)US.
B)CS.
C)UR.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

Jodie's crying when she sees dogs is the conditioned response (CR) because it is a learned reaction to the previously neutral stimulus (dogs) after being bitten.

Question 18

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,salivation to the meat was the _______.
A)unconditioned stimulus
B)unconditioned response
C)conditioned stimulus
D)conditioned response

Accepted Answer

Salivation to the meat is an unconditioned response because it is a natural, unlearned reaction to the unconditioned stimulus, which is the meat.

Question 19

Paul is coming down with the flu,but he eats spaghetti anyway and subsequently becomes violently ill.A month later he sees that spaghetti is being served in the dining hall and is overcome by nausea.What type of learning is illustrated by this episode?
A)operant conditioning
B)cognitive learning
C)latent learning
D)classical conditioning

Accepted Answer

This episode illustrates classical conditioning. The association between the spaghetti and feeling ill has been learned through the pairing of the two events (spaghetti and becoming ill). Now, when Paul sees spaghetti, he experiences a conditioned response of nausea due to the learned association.

Question 20

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6 year old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.In the example,the dog's bark and bite is the:
A)US.
B)CS.
C)UR.
D)CR.

Accepted Answer

The dog's bark and bite was an unconditioned stimulus (US) because it naturally triggers a response (in this case, fear and pain) without any prior learning.

Quiz 7: Learning and Conditioning

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the ringing of the bell was the _______.

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice thereafter,her heart raced.Old Spice After Shave was the:

When Luke kisses Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart raced.Laura's increased heart rate when Luke kissed her was the:

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Bobby's faster breathing rate when he smells Chanel #5 is the:

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Chanel #5 is the:

In classical conditioning,one must be sure to pair the:

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Bobby's accelerated breathing when he and Sue kissed is the:

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increases.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart would race.Laura's increased heart rate when she smelled Old Spice was the:

In classical conditioning,one must pair the _______ before conditioning can occur.

Pairing the US and CS is essential for _______ to occur.

Of the four basic elements of classical conditioning,the one the organism learns to respond to is the:

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,the presentation of the meat was the _______.

When Luke kissed Laura,her heart rate increased.Luke always wore Old Spice After Shave.Whenever Laura smelled Old Spice,her heart raced.Luke's kiss was the:

In classical conditioning the stimulus that normally evokes an automatic response even without new learning is called the:

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Whenever Bobby smelled Chanel #5,he began to breathe faster.Sue's kiss was the:

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,salivation to the meat was the _______.

Paul is coming down with the flu,but he eats spaghetti anyway and subsequently becomes violently ill.A month later he sees that spaghetti is being served in the dining hall and is overcome by nausea.What type of learning is illustrated by this episode?