Question 1

1-37.What do genes consist of?
A)Trisomes
B)Chromosomes
C)DNA
D)Proteins

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 2

1-35.Cortisol is a hormone that
A)is released by the hypothalamus and travels to the pituitary gland,causing it to respond.
B)the pituitary gland releases to stimulate the adrenal gland.
C)the adrenal gland produces that mobilizes the body to deal with stress.
D)reduces the reuptake of the monamine neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

the adrenal gland produces that mobilizes the body to deal with stress.

Question 3

1-27.The disorders first recognized as having biological bases are best characterized as disorders that
A)involved significant damage to brain tissue.
B)were characterized by neurochemical imbalances.
C)did not cause neurological damage.
D)resulted from contact with other animal species.

Accepted Answer

involved significant damage to brain tissue.

Question 4

1-22.Which of the following is an example of the phenomena that the term resilience has been used to describe?
A)Julie dreams of becoming a successful lawyer but never finished college.
B)After failing French the first time,Carl did not earn a passing grade when he took the course for a second time.
C)After his father died,Julio had a hard time maintaining responsibilities at work.
D)Following the events of September 11th,the children of PS100 in New York City were able to resume their studies and finish the school year without incident.

Accepted Answer

Following the events of September 11th,the children of PS100 in New York City were able to resume their studies and finish the school year without incident.

Question 5

1-40.When examining heredity,mental disorders are almost always
A)influenced by one particular gene.
B)influenced by multiple genes.
C)influenced by recessive genes.
D)not influenced by genes.

Accepted Answer

influenced by multiple genes.

Question 6

1-31.Neurotransmitters released into the synapse may be reuptaken into the axon endings from which they originated.One name for this process is:
A)retracing.
B)deactivation.
C)recapture.
D)inhibitory transmission.

Accepted Answer

deactivation.

Question 7

1-39.Normal human cells have
A)twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes.
B)twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs,one autosomal pair and one pair of sex chromosomes.
C)twenty-one chromosome pairs and two trisomy chromosome pairs.
D)twenty-three chromosome pairs.

Accepted Answer

twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes.

Question 8

1-28.Which of the following is true?
A)Most mental disorders are caused only by psychological factors.
B)Most mental disorders have a simple biological explanation.
C)Most mental disorders are caused by neurological damage.
D)Most mental disorders are not caused by neurological damage.

Accepted Answer

Most mental disorders are not caused by neurological damage.

Question 9

1-21.When psychologists say that a person shows resilience,it means
A)the person has not been faced with significant stressors.
B)that regardless of the stresses the person faces,he or she will feel no emotional distress.
C)the person can successfully adapt and survive in threatening circumstances.
D)recovering from traumatic events without the need for psychological protective factors.

Accepted Answer

the person can successfully adapt and survive in threatening circumstances.

Question 10

1-24.What is the primary focus of the field of developmental psychopathology?
A)Understanding how critical incidents in childhood affect people as adults.
B)To understand what is within the range of normal development so as to have a better understanding of what is abnormal.
C)To discover and improve the environmental factors that can contribute to a child later developing a mental illness.
D)Understanding how disorders develop over time.

Accepted Answer

To understand what is within the range of normal development so as to have a better understanding of what is abnormal.

Question 11

1-36.Which of the following statements is true?
A)Most behavioral disorders are determined exclusively by genes.
B)Genes play a role in most mental disorders.
C)Genes do not affect biochemical processes.
D)The genes that will be expressed in an individual are not affected by experience.

Accepted Answer

Genes play a role in most mental disorders.

Question 12

1-25.Which of the following most accurately describes the notion of different viewpoints of abnormal behavior?
A)Each viewpoint accurately describes the causes and symptoms of 2-3 different disorders.
B)Each viewpoint offers its own explanation of abnormal behavior.
C)All viewpoints are equally valid.
D)Only the biological viewpoint has been studied experimentally.

Accepted Answer

Each viewpoint offers its own explanation of abnormal behavior.

Question 13

1-32.Suppose the reuptake of a specific neurotransmitter were deficient and the deactivation enzymes associated with the neurotransmitter were also deficient.What effect would this have?
A)There would be more of the neurotransmitter in the synapse.
B)There would be less of the neurotransmitter in the synapse.
C)Since the two deficiencies would balance each other out,there would be no change in the levels of the neurotransmitter.
D)The neurons would become especially sensitive to the neurotransmitter.

Accepted Answer

There would be more of the neurotransmitter in the synapse.

Question 14

1-38.Down syndrome has been linked to
A)a chemical imbalance.
B)a gene on the X chromosome.
C)possessing an extra X chromosome.
D)possessing an extra chromosome in chromosome 21.

Accepted Answer

possessing an extra chromosome in chromosome 21.

Question 15

1-30.Which statement about neural communication is accurate?
A)All neurotransmitters increase the likelihood that the postsynaptic neuron will transmit a message.
B)The reason neural messages are transmitted from cell to cell is because they physically touch each other.
C)The part of the neuron that receives messages is called the synapse.
D)Neurotransmitters released into the synapse determine whether messages are sent from one neuron to another.

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters released into the synapse determine whether messages are sent from one neuron to another.

Question 16

1-34.Norepinephrine,dopamine,serotonin,and GABA are all
A)hormones that affect behavior.
B)catecholamines that inhibit nerve impulses.
C)neurotransmitters that are involved in psychopathology.
D)forms of neurotransmitters called amino acids that can cause brain damage.

Accepted Answer

neurotransmitters that are involved in psychopathology.

Question 17

1-26.Dr.Simon,a psychiatrist,takes a biopsychosocial viewpoint of psychopathology.Which of the following treatments is he most likely to suggest for Julia's current state of depression?
A)Intense psychotherapy
B)A prolonged vacation
C)A combination of psychological therapy and antidepressant drugs
D)Family therapy and a change in her work environment

Accepted Answer

A combination of psychological therapy and antidepressant drugs

Question 18

1-29.The site of communication between two neurons is the
A)synapse.
B)neurotransmitter.
C)nucleus.
D)vesicle.

Accepted Answer

synapse.

Question 19

1-23.Resilient children
A)show resilience in all domains.
B)may still experience emotional distress.
C)usually have survived chronic maltreatment.
D)are increasingly rare.

Accepted Answer

may still experience emotional distress.

Question 20

1-33.Reuptake of neurotransmitters is
A)the process by which neurotransmitters are repeatedly released into the synapse.
B)the process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the axon.
C)the process by which neurotransmitters stimulate the post-synaptic neuron to fire.
D)the process by which neurotransmitters are connected to hormones.

Accepted Answer

the process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the axon.

Quiz 3: Causal Factors and Viewpoints

1-37.What do genes consist of?

1-35.Cortisol is a hormone that

1-27.The disorders first recognized as having biological bases are best characterized as disorders that

1-22.Which of the following is an example of the phenomena that the term resilience has been used to describe?

1-40.When examining heredity,mental disorders are almost always

1-31.Neurotransmitters released into the synapse may be reuptaken into the axon endings from which they originated.One name for this process is:

1-39.Normal human cells have

1-28.Which of the following is true?

1-21.When psychologists say that a person shows resilience,it means

1-24.What is the primary focus of the field of developmental psychopathology?

1-36.Which of the following statements is true?

1-25.Which of the following most accurately describes the notion of different viewpoints of abnormal behavior?

1-32.Suppose the reuptake of a specific neurotransmitter were deficient and the deactivation enzymes associated with the neurotransmitter were also deficient.What effect would this have?

1-38.Down syndrome has been linked to

1-30.Which statement about neural communication is accurate?

1-34.Norepinephrine,dopamine,serotonin,and GABA are all

1-26.Dr.Simon,a psychiatrist,takes a biopsychosocial viewpoint of psychopathology.Which of the following treatments is he most likely to suggest for Julia's current state of depression?

1-29.The site of communication between two neurons is the

1-23.Resilient children

1-33.Reuptake of neurotransmitters is