Question 1

Inoculation with antigenic proteins in a form that does not cause disease is known as _______.

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Question 2

Mucous membranes produce small peptides known as _______ that are toxic to numerous pathogens, meaning that they are a type of innate defense.

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Question 3

Effector B cells, which are also known as _______ cells, secrete antibodies.

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Question 4

Virally infected cells often produce small amounts of antimicrobial proteins known as _______ that increase the resistance of neighboring cells to infection.

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Question 5

Antibodies belong to the class of proteins known as _______.

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Question 6

The amino acid sequences of the _______ regions are different for each specific immunoglobulin.

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Question 7

Tiny lymph capillaries conduct lymph to larger ducts that eventually form two large "lymphatic" vessels known as the _______ and right lymphatic duct.

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Question 8

The cells that recognize virus-infected or mutated cells and kill them via lysis are known as _______ T cells.

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Question 9

Interferons are a class of _______ that increase the resistance of neighboring cells to infection.

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Question 10

Your elderly grandmother complains that she is always tired and that she recently has put on some weight; she also shows signs of depression.You suspect the autoimmune disease _______.

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Question 11

Refer to the graph showing a person's immune response, first to a vaccination, and later to exposure to the pathogen that the vaccine targeted.Time is represented on the x-axis, but the scale is different for each subdivision.  Which immune response event takes the shortest amount of time?

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Question 12

Cells adhering to the skin and the linings of organs, known as _______ cells, release the chemical signal histamine when damaged.

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Question 13

Also known as antigenic determinants, _______ are specific sites on the antigen that are recognized by the immune system.

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Question 14

Kaposi's sarcoma, which is induced by a herpes virus, and lymphoma tumors induced by the Epstein-Barr virus are the result of _______ infections associated with AIDS.

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Question 15

Immature T cells migrate from the bone marrow to the _______, where they complete maturation.

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Question 16

The lymphocytes specific for particular antigenic determinants proliferate via the process known as _______.

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Question 17

Draw a flowchart depicting the body's three lines of defense: the first line of innate mechanisms, the second line of innate mechanisms, and the third line of adaptive mechanisms.Within each of the three lines of defense, include the component mechanisms.

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Question 18

During the activation phase of the _______ immune response, T-helper cells release cytokines, which stimulate the production of a clone of T-helper cells with the same specificity.

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Question 19

In immediate hypersensitivity, individuals exposed to an allergen produce too much of the immunoglobulin IgE, which causes a rapid release of a large amount of _______, the chemical responsible for many allergic symptoms.

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Question 20

Also known as white blood cells, _______ play key roles in both innate and adaptive immunity.

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Quiz 41: Immunology: Animal Defense Systems