Question 1

When children have a secure attachment, they are more likely to do which of the following?
A) Stay very close to the attached adult
B) Explore their environment
C) Express fear
D) Show signs of anxiety

Accepted Answer

When children have a secure attachment, they feel more confident in their caregiver's presence and are therefore more likely to explore their environment. They know that their caregiver is available for comfort and support if needed, so they feel safe to adventure and learn. Children with insecure attachments may be more clingy and less willing to explore due to fear and anxiety about their caregiver's availability and responsiveness.

Question 2

A healthy attachment leads to all of the followingwhich?
A) The production of neurotransmitters
B) The development of brain pathways that lead to mental growth
C) A sense of security
D) An emotional dependency

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

A strong, healthy attachment occurs
A) When an infant and caregiver have synchronous interactions
B) When an infant is given screen time daily
C) When an infant is made to follow the schedule of an adult
D) When adults take babies actions personally

Accepted Answer

A strong, healthy attachment occurs when an infant and caregiver have synchronous interactions. This means that the caregiver responds to the infant's cues in a timely and appropriate manner, creating a sense of trust and security for the infant. Screen time, imposing adult schedules, and taking baby's actions personally are not factors that contribute to a secure attachment.

Question 4

Which theory has something in common with Erikson, Bronfenbrenner, and Maslow?
A) Autonomy versus shame and doubt
B) Attachment
C) Temperament
D) Cultural continuity

Accepted Answer

Attachment theory, which focuses on the importance of early relationships with caregivers in shaping development, is a key component in the work of Erikson, Bronfenbrenner, and Maslow. All three theorists recognized the significance of attachment and emphasized the need for secure, positive relationships in promoting healthy development. While autonomy versus shame and doubt (A) and temperament (C) are also important concepts in development, they are not as closely related to the work of all three of these theorists. Cultural continuity (D) has some overlap with aspects of Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, but is not as central to the work of Erikson or Maslow.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true about attachment?
A) Attachment theory has not been supported by brain research
B) Attachment has no connection to survival
C) Attachments occurs faster if adults let babies cry for long periods of time
D) The first attachments provide the basis for all future relationships

Accepted Answer

Attachment theory posits that the first attachments an infant forms provide the foundation for all future relationships. This has been supported by research in developmental psychology and neuroscience. A strong attachment to a caregiver is also essential for an infant's survival and development, making option B false. Option A is also false as brain research has supported attachment theory. Option C is false as research has shown that responding to a baby's cries and needs promptly actually strengthens attachment.

Question 6

Which of the following is not an obstacle to attachment?
A) Parents may be unhappy about the pregnancy or with each other, and those feelings may influence their feelings for the baby
B) The father may not be in a relationship with the mother- so any feeling for the baby on his part will necessarily be "long distance"
C) After delivery when the baby and family "bond," a continuous progression from grows from there
D) Even for the mother, the reality of the baby may be fuzzy. It's hard to love someone you can't see, touch, or interact with

Accepted Answer

Option A, B, and D all present obstacles to attachment. However, option C is not an obstacle but rather a statement about how attachment progresses after initial bonding. Therefore, option C is the correct answer as it does not impact attachment.

Question 7

When do babies learn to develop trust?
A) When they feel secure that their needs will be met by a caring adult
B) When they learn to walk
C) When they feel ignored
D) When they are able to nap alone

Accepted Answer

Babies learn to develop trust when they feel secure that their basic needs such as food, warmth, and affection will be met by a caring adult. This is a crucial aspect of their emotional and social development.

Question 8

Ron Lally, Peter Mangione, the PITC and the research of Emmi Pikler have all focused on which of the following ideas?
A) Helping caregivers develop a primary attachment with children
B) Supporting infant-toddler programs to discourage attachment between caregivers and children
C) The importance of training caregivers to develop secondary attachment in out-of-home care
D) Discouraging attachment for children in childcare

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ron Lally, Peter Mangione, the PITC and...

Question 9

A study of Baby Einstein videos, conducted at the University of Washington, showed which of the following?
A) Vocabulary increased with babies who watched the videos when compared to a group that watched no videos
B) Babies with no exposure to the videos understood an average of 7 more words than the video- watching babies
C) Videos are an important way to get babies ready for kindergarten
D) Research on how the brain develops is clear that academic readiness is boosted by videos more than by attachment

Accepted Answer

The study found that babies who did not watch the Baby Einstein videos had a slightly larger vocabulary, understanding an average of 7 more words than those who watched the videos. This suggests that the videos did not enhance vocabulary development as might have been expected.

Question 10

According to Erikson, mother-infant attachment occurs
A) When physical and emotional needs of baby are met satisfactorily in the first year
B) When baby learns to self-soothe
C) When the mother makes herself the top priority
D) When the mother attaches the baby to her for most of the day

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that mother-infant attachment occurs when the physical and emotional needs of the baby are met satisfactorily in the first year. This includes feeding, soothing, and emotional bonding between the mother and the infant. Self-soothing and attachment for most of the day are not necessarily primary factors in Erikson's theory of attachment. Making the mother the top priority may be important for maternal bonding, but it is not a prerequisite for attachment to occur.

Question 11

Cross-cultural research shows which of the following, regarding attachment?
A) In some cultures, the ideal attachment of an infant is to a group
B) Attachment should always be exclusive to the mother
C) Some cultures do not value attachment
D) Attachment occurs in the same way across cultures

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural research shows that in some collectivist cultures, the ideal attachment of an infant is to a group, rather than just to one individual, such as the mother. This differs from Western individualistic cultures, where attachment to one primary caregiver, usually the mother, is emphasized. Therefore, option D is incorrect as attachment does not occur in the same way across cultures. Option B is also incorrect as attachment can occur with other caregivers besides the mother. Option C is incorrect as all cultures value attachment, although they may value it differently.

Question 12

Who was the first person to promote the idea that attachment behaviors evolved because they promote survival?
A) Urie Bronfenbrenner
B) John Bowlby
C) Erik Erikson
D) Mary Ainsworth

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby was the first person to promote the idea that attachment behaviors evolved because they promote survival. Bowlby proposed that infants are biologically programmed to seek proximity and contact with a primary caregiver because this enhances their chances of survival by ensuring protection, food, and warmth. This theory, known as attachment theory, revolutionized our understanding of early social development and has had a lasting impact on the field of developmental psychology.

Question 13

Which of the following is a true statement about SIDS?
A) An undisturbed night's sleep may put infants at risk
B) In cultures where infants are held, jostled, and put to bed with an adult or another child, the rate of SIDS is dramatically higher
C) SIDS is not common in the United States
D) The risk of SIDS increases as the infant reached toddlerhood

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a true...

Question 14

Temperament is important for caregivers to know so they can do which of the following?
A) Adjust expectations to meet children's temperament needs
B) Be firm and ridged in response to temperament differences
C) React strongly when there is a mismatch between an adult and a child's temperament
D) Help children to change their temperament to match the adult

Accepted Answer

Knowing a child's temperament helps caregivers adjust their expectations and approach to better meet the child's needs and promote positive interactions. Being firm and rigid can lead to frustration and ineffective caregiving. Reacting strongly to temperament differences can also cause tension and negativity. It is not possible to change a child's temperament, so helping them match the adult's is not a viable option.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a sign of infant attachment?
A) An infant showing distress when someone unfamiliar is present
B) An infant beginning to act differently around the primary caregiver
C) An infant protesting when being separated from the primary caregiver
D) An infant wanting to hold his or her own bottle

Accepted Answer

Wanting to hold his or her own bottle is not a sign of infant attachment. The other options are all signs of attachment, as they demonstrate a bond between the infant and primary caregiver.

Question 16

According to the research of Thomas, Chess and Birch, the 3 main temperament types are
A) Easy, bossy, hard
B) Flexible, scared, moody
C) Easy, slow to warm, difficult
D) Easy, shy, challenging

Accepted Answer

The research of Thomas, Chess and Birch identified three main temperament types: Easy, Slow to Warm, and Difficult. "Easy" infants generally have a positive disposition, are adaptable, have regular eating and sleeping habits, and are generally calm. "Slow to Warm" infants are less adaptable, have less regular eating and sleeping habits, and are less active and responsive. "Difficult" infants are generally unhappy, cry frequently and loudly, are unpredictable in their sleeping and eating habits, and are slow to adapt to new situations.

Question 17

According to the research of Mary Ainsworth, which of the following kinds of attachment describes a baby that seems not to care when her mother leaves the room and is slow to greet her upon her return?
A) Secure attachment
B) Resistant attachment
C) Disorganized/disoriented attachment
D) Avoidant attachment

Accepted Answer

Avoidant attachment describes a baby who seems indifferent to their caregiver's comings and goings and might avoid or ignore them upon their return.

Question 18

What is the definition of temperament?
A) Temperament is the word to describe a temper tantrum
B) Temperament is a personality disorder
C) Temperament is an inborn trait that is genetically determined
D) Temperament is an environmental condition

Accepted Answer

Temperament refers to an individual's innate traits and tendencies, including their emotional, behavioral, and cognitive responses to stimuli. These traits are believed to be largely genetically determined and relatively stable throughout an individual's life. Temperament is not the same as a temper tantrum or a personality disorder, and it is not primarily caused by environmental factors.

Question 19

What is Erik Erikson's first stage of development?
A) Industry versus inferiority
B) Initiative versus guilt
C) Trust versus mistrust
D) Autonomy versus shame and doubt

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's first stage of development is Trust versus Mistrust. This stage occurs from birth to around 18 months of age and is focused on whether or not an infant develops a sense of trust in their caregivers. If the infant's needs are consistently met and they feel secure in their environment, they will develop trust. If their needs are not met or they experience inconsistent care, they may develop a sense of mistrust in their environment and caregivers.

Question 20

How are attachment and trust connected?
A) Developing an insecure attachment leads to children who trust
B) Attachment and trust are not connected
C) Children who attach do not need trust
D) Children with unhealthy attachment are likely to live with unresolved trust issues for many years

Accepted Answer

The answer of How are attachment and trust connected?
A) Developing...

Quiz 2: Supporting Families Around Issues of Attachment and Trust

When children have a secure attachment, they are more likely to do which of the following?

A healthy attachment leads to all of the followingwhich?

A strong, healthy attachment occurs

Which theory has something in common with Erikson, Bronfenbrenner, and Maslow?

Which of the following statements is true about attachment?

Which of the following is not an obstacle to attachment?

When do babies learn to develop trust?

Ron Lally, Peter Mangione, the PITC and the research of Emmi Pikler have all focused on which of the following ideas?

A study of Baby Einstein videos, conducted at the University of Washington, showed which of the following?

According to Erikson, mother-infant attachment occurs

Cross-cultural research shows which of the following, regarding attachment?

Who was the first person to promote the idea that attachment behaviors evolved because they promote survival?

Which of the following is a true statement about SIDS?

Temperament is important for caregivers to know so they can do which of the following?

Which of the following is not a sign of infant attachment?

According to the research of Thomas, Chess and Birch, the 3 main temperament types are

According to the research of Mary Ainsworth, which of the following kinds of attachment describes a baby that seems not to care when her mother leaves the room and is slow to greet her upon her return?

What is the definition of temperament?

What is Erik Erikson's first stage of development?

How are attachment and trust connected?