Question 1

The functionalist argues that prices for doctors' services are not advertised.This refers to the issue of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The functionalist argues that prices for doctors'...

Question 2

According to the text,under the 2010 healthcare reform law,__________.

Accepted Answer

The text explicitly states that there are "no provisions that suggest support for euthanasia or any form of assisted suicide" under the 2010 healthcare reform law. The language concerning end-of-life care was misinterpreted by opponents of the law to imply otherwise. The other options are either not mentioned in the text or are inaccurate.

Question 3

AIDS is transmitted primarily through __________.

Accepted Answer

AIDS is primarily transmitted through sexual intercourse (especially anal intercourse) and the sharing of needles by drug users. Other ways of transmission include mother-to-child during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding, and blood transfusions or organ transplantation from infected donors. It is not transmitted through physical contact or kissing, and breathing the exhaled air of an infected person does not transmit the virus.

Question 4

The text points out that AIDS can be viewed as three epidemics rolled into one.Which of the following is NOT one of these?

Accepted Answer

The text mentions the spread of the HIV virus, the epidemic of the disease AIDS, and the social, political, psychological, and ethical reactions to the disease and those who suffer from it as the three epidemics rolled into one. However, the emerging social policy surrounding HIV is not mentioned as one of the epidemics.

Question 5

The World Health Organization estimates that the HIV virus (the virus that causes AIDS)infects __________ million people,and almost 85 percent of the infected live in the developing nations of Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

Accepted Answer

The World Health Organization estimates that around 40 million people are infected with the HIV virus, with the majority living in the developing nations of Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 6

The functionalist argues that barriers to admission to medical school prevent the admission of qualified applicants.This refers to the issue of __________.

Accepted Answer

The issue of barriers to admission to medical school refers to restricted entry, which is the barrier preventing qualified applicants from getting into medical school. The other options do not relate to this specific issue.

Question 7

Dennis Altman's study of the social,political,and psychological impact of AIDS in America highlights which theoretical perspective?

Accepted Answer

Altman's study highlights the conflict perspective, which focuses on power disparities and social inequalities, particularly how marginalized groups are affected by societal issues like AIDS.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about employer-provided health insurance is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Each statement accurately reflects trends or observations related to employer-provided health insurance. Statement A discusses the impact of healthcare costs on corporate decision-making. Statement B outlines differences in insurance coverage among Hispanic subgroups. Statement C describes trends in the popularity of HMOs and PPOs.

Question 9

Because it appeared first in the United States among male homosexuals between the ages of 20 and 49,AIDS is sometimes erroneously referred to as the "__________."

Accepted Answer

AIDS was initially diagnosed among gay men in the United States, which led to it being wrongly labeled as a "gay disease." This label is inaccurate and stigmatizing.

Question 10

The functionalist argues that since medical care is performed under the control of a physician,a patient does not direct his or her own treatment.This refers to the issue of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The functionalist argues that since medical care...

Question 11

The functionalist argues that a consumer (patient)is not in a position to shop for medical treatment the way one shops for other products or services because the consumer cannot evaluate the need for treatment.This refers to the issue of __________.

Accepted Answer

The issue referred to in the statement is the lack of information available to consumers in evaluating medical treatments, which falls under the broader category of information asymmetry. This makes it difficult for consumers to make informed decisions about their healthcare needs and treatment options.

Question 12

Studies have shown that as more hospitals are managed by for-profit or not-for-profit corporations,as opposed to the public sector,they are indeed less likely to provide services like __________.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that as more hospitals are managed by for-profit or not-for-profit corporations, as opposed to the public sector, they are indeed less likely to provide services like drug counseling, suicide prevention and AIDS treatment. Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it includes all of these services.

Question 13

Interactionist studies of the health of Americans point out that many of the "bad habits" (like smoking and drinking alcohol)that can contribute to poor health are due to __________.

Accepted Answer

Interactionist studies suggest that many of the unhealthy behaviors such as smoking and drinking alcohol are influenced by social norms and expectations. For example, drinking may be seen as a way to socialize and build connections with others, leading individuals to engage in excessive drinking. This highlights the importance of considering social factors in understanding health behaviors. Options A and B focus on individual factors such as addiction and willpower, respectively, while option D is too broad and includes all options. Option E is incorrect as there must be some explanation for the behavior.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is NOT true of the disabled and handicapped in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The statement that the increase in the proportion of disabled individuals in the population is due mostly to increases in the incidence of crippling diseases is not true. The increase in the proportion can be attributed to a variety of factors such as improved medical care, aging populations, and changes in diagnostic criteria. This statement is therefore incorrect.

Question 15

According to the text,the American health-care system suffers from which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

The text states that the American health-care system suffers from all three problems mentioned in the answer choices - lack of medical insurance, mounting costs of medical goods and services, and medical malpractice insurance costs leading to cutbacks in services.

Question 16

Every opinion poll conducted about how Americans actually felt about the Terry Schiavo case showed that strong majorities believed that __________.

Accepted Answer

Every opinion poll conducted about the Terry Schiavo case showed that strong majorities believed that the courts had acted wisely, and government should not interfere in highly personal, emotional issues. Therefore, the best choice is E.

Question 17

The functionalist argument that an abundance of specialists encourages the use of expensive and sophisticated treatments when simpler ones would be just as effective refers to the issue of __________.

Accepted Answer

The issue described is about the misallocation of resources, where the presence of many specialists leads to the use of more complex treatments than necessary, which is a misallocation of supply.

Question 18

The women's movement has,over the last 30 years,sensitized the nation to health issues that critically affect women.One of the first issues around which the women's movement was able to mobilize mass support was __________.

Accepted Answer

Abortion was one of the first issues around which the women's movement was able to mobilize mass support. The fight for reproductive rights and access to safe and legal abortion has been a central focus of the women's movement for decades.

Question 19

The functionalist argues that a consumer does not have sufficient knowledge to judge the effectiveness of sophisticated treatments.This refers to the issue of __________.

Accepted Answer

The functionalist argument emphasizes the problem of product uncertainty, where consumers lack the knowledge or information to judge the effectiveness or quality of complex treatments, products or services.

Question 20

The functionalist argument that many health-care services that are restricted to physicians could be performed by trained technicians refers to the issue of __________.

Accepted Answer

The functionalist argument that many health-care services that are restricted to physicians could be performed by trained technicians refers to the issue of professional dominance. The argument suggests that certain professions, like physicians, have a dominant position in the market and restrict access to certain services, which could be performed by less-expensive trained technicians.

Quiz 2: Problems of Health and Healthcare