Question 1

Describe four themes or issues that often arise in the study of child development.

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Question 2

Describe the correlational and experimental research designs.Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each design.

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Question 3

Children's names should be linked with their data so that they are easy to identify.

Accepted Answer

Participants' names should be anonymous or confidential.

Question 4

Research participants do not need to be told if deception is part of an experiment.

Accepted Answer

Researchers are ethically required to notify participants about deception.

Question 5

Your friends have a new baby girl named Kaycee and they have told you that they can't wait to raise her because they will create a wonderful environment that Kaycee will love.For example,they will never let Kaycee watch worthless shows on television,and she will love to read because they will read to her all the time when she is a baby.What can you tell your friends about the issue of the child being active versus passive in her development?

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The answer of Your friends have a new baby girl...

Question 6

One disadvantage of cross-sectional studies is that repeated testing may change participants' behaviors.

Accepted Answer

This is a disadvantage of longitudinal studies,not cross-sectional ones.

Question 7

A researcher is interested in studying cooperative and competitive behavior in siblings.How might he or she use (1)systematic observations,and (2)self-reports to measure sibling behavior? Explain each type of measure,and give an example of how each could be used to measure cooperation and competition between siblings.

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Question 8

Using self-reports is a special case of using tasks to measure children's behavior.Describe the strengths and weaknesses of self-reports.

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Question 9

Children under the age of 18 are not legally capable of giving informed consent to participate in research,therefore their parents or guardians must be asked for consent as well.

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Children are minors and are not legally capable of giving consent.

Question 10

Summarize the five developmental perspectives (e.g. ,biological,psychodynamic,etc. )and list which theories belong with each perspective.

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Question 11

A field experiment typically involves examining the impact of an independent variable by using groups that were not created with random assignment.

Accepted Answer

A quasi-experiment exists when conducting a true experiment would be impossible or unethical - where children cannot be randomly assigned to groups (e.g. ,mothers who smoke or grow up on a farm).

Question 12

Do you believe that the potential benefits to research justify the use of deception by the researcher? Support your answer.

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Question 13

Your sister Kumi is having problems with her 2-year-old daughter.Your niece,Kayla,has been throwing tantrums to get her own way.As you watch Kumi and Kayla interact,you see that Kumi will say "no" to Kayla,Kayla will scream and cry,and then Kumi will give in to her.What can you tell Kumi about the principles of operant conditioning that might help her deal with the situation?

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Question 14

Name and briefly describe the eight stages of Erikson's psychosocial development theory.

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Question 15

One day you and a friend are talking and your friend states,"Development is the result of the genes that you inherit,and those genes put you on a developmental path that stays the same throughout your life." What can you tell your friend about the issues of nature versus nurture and continuity versus discontinuity?

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Question 16

One strength of cross-sectional studies is that they allow researchers to chart the continuity or discontinuity of behavior.

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The only way to answer questions of continuity or discontinuity is to use a longitudinal design.

Question 17

Describe longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs.What are strengths and weaknesses of each design?

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Question 18

Different sequences of children are tested longitudinally in a microgenetic design.

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Different sequences of children are tested longitudinally in longitudinal-sequential designs.

Question 19

Describe the four key guidelines of ethical research.

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Question 20

Name and briefly describe the four stages of Piaget's cognitive development theory.

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Quiz 1: The Science of Child Development