Question 1

The small space between neurons is called the:
A) dendrite.
B) syncope.
C) axon.
D) pons.
E) synapse.

Accepted Answer

The small space between neurons is called the synapse. It is where the axon of one neuron meets the dendrite of another neuron, allowing for communication between the two cells.

Question 2

Which neuroglial cell possesses phagocytic properties?
A) Ependyma
B) Microglia
C) Oligodendroglia
D) Microcyte
E) Oligodendrocyte

Accepted Answer

Microglia possess phagocytic properties and are responsible for removing cellular debris and foreign substances in the central nervous system. Ependyma are responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid, while oligodendroglia and oligodendrocytes are responsible for producing myelin sheaths around axons. Microcytes are not a type of neuroglial cell.

Question 3

The central nervous system is composed of the:
A) spinal cord and nerve roots.
B) brain stem and spinal cord.
C) spinal nerves and medulla.
D) brain and spinal cord.
E) cranium and spine.

Accepted Answer

The central nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord. The other options listed either omit one of these structures or include additional structures that are not part of the central nervous system.

Question 4

All functions of the cerebellum are concerned with:
A) visual activity.
B) auditory activity.
C) pain perception.
D) movement.
E) taste perception.

Accepted Answer

The cerebellum is primarily responsible for coordinating and regulating movements, including posture, balance, and fine motor movements. It receives sensory input from the muscles, joints, and balance organs and uses this information to adjust movement and maintain equilibrium. It is not directly involved in visual, auditory, pain perception, or taste perception.

Question 5

Which protective mechanism blocks chemicals from entering brain tissue?
A) Ganglia
B) Neuroglia
C) Blood-brain barrier
D) Neurilemma
E) Cell body

Accepted Answer

The blood-brain barrier is a protective mechanism that blocks chemicals from entering brain tissue.

Question 6

Fight-or-flight situations are dominated by the:
A) parasympathetic nervous system.
B) somatic nervous system.
C) neurotransmitters.
D) sympathetic nervous system.
E) accessory ganglia.

Accepted Answer

Fight-or-flight situations are characterized by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which prepares the body to respond to a perceived threat by increasing heart rate and blood pressure, dilating pupils, and releasing adrenaline and other stress hormones. The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for rest and digestion. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements, and neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between neurons. Accessory ganglia are clusters of neurons outside of the central nervous system.

Question 7

The CF gli/o means:
A) glue;neuroglial tissue.
B) ganglion.
C) knotlike mass.
D) fissure.
E) support.

Accepted Answer

The CF gli/o means glue, which refers to neuroglial tissue that supports and protects neurons in the nervous system.

Question 8

Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called:
A) afferent.
B) efferent.
C) motor.
D) mixed.
E) cranial.

Accepted Answer

Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are afferent nerves.

Question 9

The combining form (CF)lex/o means:
A) learn.
B) read.
C) thin,slender.
D) word,phrase.
E) thick.

Accepted Answer

The combining form lex/o means word or phrase.

Question 10

The protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord are called the:
A) meninges.
B) neurolemmas.
C) ependymas.
D) sella turcicas.
E) myelin sheaths.

Accepted Answer

The protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord are called meninges. The meninges include three layers: the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

Question 11

The unmyelinated spaces between adjacent segments of myelin sheath are called:
A) cell bodies.
B) axons.
C) dendrites.
D) nodes of Ranvier.
E) meninges.

Accepted Answer

The unmyelinated spaces between adjacent segments of myelin sheath are called nodes of Ranvier.

Question 12

Which structure is located outside the cranium?
A) Anterior root
B) Diencephalon
C) Cerebrum
D) Corpus callosum
E) Thalamus

Accepted Answer

The anterior root is part of the spinal cord, which is located outside the cranium. The diencephalon, cerebrum, corpus callosum, and thalamus are all structures located inside the cranium.

Question 13

The CF myel/o means:
A) head.
B) bone marrow;spinal cord.
C) back bone.
D) vertebrae.
E) back.

Accepted Answer

The CF myel/o specifically refers to bone marrow and spinal cord.

Question 14

Which structure supports and connects the cells of the nervous system?
A) Myelin sheath
B) Neuron
C) Neurolemma
D) Neuroglia
E) Dendrite

Accepted Answer

Neuroglia are the cells that support and connect the cells of the nervous system. The other options listed (myelin sheath, neuron, neurolemma, dendrite) all play important roles in the nervous system, but do not specifically support and connect cells in the way that neuroglia do.

Question 15

The CF cerebr/o means:
A) head.
B) spinal cord.
C) brain.
D) bone marrow;spinal cord.
E) cerebrum.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The CF cerebr/o means:
A) head.
B) spinal cord.
C)...

Question 16

The thalamus is a structure of the:
A) cerebrum.
B) diencephalon.
C) spinal cord.
D) medulla.
E) corpus callosum.

Accepted Answer

The thalamus is a structure of the diencephalon, which is made up of several structures located between the cerebrum and the midbrain.

Question 17

Which structure joins the two hemispheres of the brain?
A) Thalamus
B) Corpus callosum
C) Brain stem
D) Diencephalon
E) Pons

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum is a broad band of nerve fibers that connects the two hemispheres of the brain, allowing communication and coordination between them.

Question 18

The CF mening/o means:
A) meninges (membranes covering brain and spinal cord).
B) dura mater.
C) pia mater.
D) sheath.
E) arachnoid.

Accepted Answer

The prefix "mening/o" specifically refers to the meninges, which are the protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. The other answer choices refer to specific parts or structures within the meninges, but do not encompass the entire structure.

Question 19

Chemicals that facilitate movement of impulses at synapses are called:
A) opiates.
B) sedatives.
C) hypnotics.
D) neurotransmitters.
E) analgesics.

Accepted Answer

Chemicals that facilitate movement of impulses at synapses are called neurotransmitters.

Question 20

The anterior root of the spinal cord is composed of:
A) mixed nerves.
B) motor fibers.
C) sensory fibers.
D) neuroglia.
E) microglia.

Accepted Answer

The anterior root of the spinal cord is composed of motor fibers, which carry impulses from the spinal cord to the muscles.

Quiz 15: Nervous System

The small space between neurons is called the:

Which neuroglial cell possesses phagocytic properties?

The central nervous system is composed of the:

All functions of the cerebellum are concerned with:

Which protective mechanism blocks chemicals from entering brain tissue?

Fight-or-flight situations are dominated by the:

The CF gli/o means:

Nerves that conduct impulses toward the brain or spinal cord are called:

The combining form (CF) lex/o means:

The protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord are called the:

The unmyelinated spaces between adjacent segments of myelin sheath are called:

Which structure is located outside the cranium?

The CF myel/o means:

Which structure supports and connects the cells of the nervous system?

The CF cerebr/o means:

The thalamus is a structure of the:

Which structure joins the two hemispheres of the brain?

The CF mening/o means:

Chemicals that facilitate movement of impulses at synapses are called:

The anterior root of the spinal cord is composed of: