Question 1

If you think that intelligence can change,then you believe that intelligence is __________.

Accepted Answer

If you believe that intelligence can change, then you believe that it is not a fixed or stable entity but rather an incremental process that can be developed and improved over time with effort and practice.

Question 2

Not only do girls read better than boys but they are also better at _________.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that girls outperform boys in writing skills as well, in addition to reading. While girls still struggle with representation in STEM fields, they tend to excel in language-based subjects.

Question 3

Students who choose a course based on how much they like the subject,if they think they will do well,and if it seems important to the future are using ______________.

Accepted Answer

Expectancy value theory explains how individuals make academic and career-related choices based on their beliefs about their competence and the perceived value of the outcomes. Therefore, students who choose a course based on their liking, perceived competence, and perceived importance to their future, are using expectancy value theory to make academic choices.

Question 4

How much effort you put into studying for this test is an example of ___________.

Accepted Answer

The question is asking about a motivation related to academics, which is academic motivation. Intrinsic motivation refers to doing something because it is inherently enjoyable or fulfilling, while extrinsic motivation refers to doing something to receive a reward or avoid a punishment. Expectancy value theory relates to the expected outcome of a behavior and the individual's value placed on that outcome, which is not directly related to the effort put into studying for a test.

Question 5

Susie is skimming the assigned chapter looking for contextual cues; what reading strategy is she using?

Accepted Answer

Global strategies involve reading techniques that help understand the overall context or main ideas of a text, such as skimming for contextual cues.

Question 6

Girls have more equal distribution of gray matter over both brain hemispheres.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that females have more symmetrical distribution of gray matter in both hemispheres of the brain, while males have a stronger left hemisphere dominance. However, it is important to note that these differences are relatively small and there is a significant amount of individual variability within both genders.

Question 7

Sarah,a senior in high school,has decided to take an Advanced Writing class instead of Calculus because she thinks she will not do will in Calculus and she won't need it in life.This is an example of ______________.

Accepted Answer

Sarah's decision is based on her expectation that she will not perform well in Calculus and the value she places on taking Advanced Writing instead. This aligns with the expectancy value theory, which suggests that motivation to engage in a task is influenced by the individual's expectancy of success and the value they place on the task.

Question 8

If your professor gives you $50.00 if you get an A on this test,you have ________.

Accepted Answer

The offer of monetary reward is an example of extrinsic motivation, meaning the motivation is coming from an external source rather than from within oneself.

Question 9

David thought it would be cool to learn to speak Russian,so he downloaded a program and is teaching himself in his spare time.What type of goal is this?

Accepted Answer

Learning to speak Russian is a mastery goal, which is focused on self-improvement and acquiring knowledge or skills for their own sake.

Question 10

If you believe you have the skills necessary to succeed at learning a new task,Bandura would say you have ____________.

Accepted Answer

Bandura's concept of "efficacy expectations" or more commonly known as "self-efficacy" refers to an individual's belief in their own ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task. This belief in one's own capability is what Bandura would say you have if you believe you have the skills necessary to succeed at learning a new task.

Question 11

When a student who belongs to a group with a negative stereotype fears doing poorly in school,they have demonstrated ____________.

Accepted Answer

The student is demonstrating a stereotype threat, which is a psychological phenomenon where individuals who belong to a group with a negative stereotype worry about confirming that stereotype, which can negatively impact their performance in academic or other settings.

Question 12

According to Bandura,if you believe you are capable of succeeding then you have _____________.

Accepted Answer

According to Bandura's theory of self-efficacy, individuals with higher levels of self-efficacy believe in their ability to succeed in a given task or situation. This belief in their own capabilities can lead to greater motivation, persistence, and ultimately greater success. Therefore, the best choice based on the question would be A, self-efficacy. Choices B, C, and D do not accurately reflect Bandura's theory of self-efficacy.

Question 13

A student with an incremental view of intelligence will tend to focus on _________ goals.

Accepted Answer

A student with an incremental view of intelligence believes that intelligence can grow and be developed over time through efforts and strategies. Therefore, they tend to focus on mastery goals, which are goals that are aimed towards learning and improving their skills and knowledge rather than solely achieving a specific performance outcome.

Question 14

Research has shown that one of the best ways to succeed in college is to believe you can.

Accepted Answer

Research has indeed shown that having a growth mindset and believing in oneself are key factors that contribute to academic success in college. Students who believe that they have the ability to develop their talents, abilities, and intelligence through hard work and dedication are more likely to persist and achieve their goals than those who believe that their abilities are fixed and cannot be improved. Studies have also found that self-efficacy, or the confidence in one's ability to perform a task, is a strong predictor of academic achievement and motivation. Therefore, cultivating a positive mindset and a strong sense of self-assurance can enhance one's performance and satisfaction in college.

Question 15

Of the students in the last three questions,Leah,David,and Doug,which one is most likely to feel anxious and fearful?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the students in the last three...

Question 16

Doug works hard in school so that his friends won't think he is stupid.His goal is _________.

Accepted Answer

Doug's goal is to avoid the negative evaluation from his friends by performing well in school. This aligns with the definition of performance avoidance goals, which are focused on avoiding negative evaluation and criticism rather than achieving mastery or personal growth.

Question 17

What country has the highest secondary school enrollment?

Accepted Answer

According to the World Bank data from 2018, Asia has the highest secondary school enrollment rate at 85%. Comparatively, Africa has a secondary school enrollment rate of 43%, while the United States has an enrollment rate of 88%, and Sweden has an enrollment rate of 97%. However, Asia has a much larger population, which may be a contributing factor to their higher enrollment numbers.

Question 18

Leah likes to get high test scores and a high GPA so that she can beat her peers and get their admiration.What type of goal is this called?

Accepted Answer

Leah's goal is focused on achieving a specific performance, which is getting high test scores and a high GPA to beat her peers, rather than focusing on mastering the material. This aligns with the performance approach goal orientation, which emphasizes achieving positive outcomes compared to others.

Question 19

If you studied hard for this test because you love learning and like doing well,then you have _______________.

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic motivation refers to the internal drive or desire to engage in an activity for its own sake, rather than for external rewards or pressures. If someone is studying hard because they love learning and want to do well, they are likely motivated by intrinsic factors such as curiosity, enjoyment, or personal growth.

Question 20

A student who believes intelligence is _________ will be ________ motivated in the classroom.

Accepted Answer

Students who believe intelligence is incremental (can be developed and grown through effort and learning) are more likely to be motivated in the classroom as they see challenges as opportunities to learn and improve. On the other hand, students who believe intelligence is fixed and predetermined (entity) may be less motivated as they feel that their abilities are predetermined and cannot be improved much with effort.

Quiz 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence