Question 1

________________ are designed for problems in which sets of rules exist to solve problems. 
A) expert systems
B) executive information systems
C) decision-support systems
D) human portals
E) formal knowledge management programs

Accepted Answer

Expert systems are designed specifically to solve problems in which a set of rules exist to solve the problem. They use specialized knowledge and reasoning as input to provide advice or recommendations to users. These systems can be used in a range of fields, including medicine, finance, and engineering.

Question 2

Managing the criminal-justice system in Iowa was something of a guessing game.For example, when the legislature considered changing the status of a misdemeanor, it was virtually impossible to predict how the change would affect the number of beds needed in county jails.Nor could the state estimate accurately how much it would spend on defense lawyers from year to year.The problem was not a lack of useful data; the data existed, hut they were scattered in court computers around the state-one or more in each county.The system had been built to handle transactions: this person was charged with that crime, he received a sentence this length, and served that many years of it. The situation described in the paragraph above would be best corrected by
A)an expert system.
B)a decision support system.
C)information leveraging.
D)cellular phones.
E)data warehousing.

Accepted Answer

Data warehousing would centralize and consolidate the scattered data from various court computers, making it easier to analyze and predict trends such as jail bed requirements and defense lawyer costs.

Question 3

The following is a list of statements about human biases in interpreting information.Which one is NOT true?
A)People think that the more accurate the information is, the more informative it is.
B)People seldom think clearly about very unlikely events.
C)People are not influenced by how the information looks.
D)People tend to anchor their judgments on some initial point of reference, whether it is relevant to the task or not.
E)People do not like to appear ignorant.

Accepted Answer

People are influenced by how the information looks, such as its appearance, format, and presentation. This is known as the "framing effect," which shows that people's choices change depending on how information is presented to them.

Question 4

What role should the chief information officer (CIO) play in a government agency?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What role should the chief information officer...

Question 5

In Inside Bureaucracy, Anthony Downs identifies several antidistortion factors in communication: (1) multiple internal information sources and overlapping responsibilities; (2) direct communication through hierarchical levels or elimination of such levels; (3) distortion-proof messages (e.g., summarization of details in nontechnical language with little jargon); (4) external sources of information; and so on. According to the text, few presidents followed Downs's recommendations more faithfully than A)James Madison. B)Harry S Truman. C)Dwight D.Eisenhower. D)Ronald Reagan. E)Bill Clinton.

Accepted Answer

Dwight D. Eisenhower is noted for following Downs's recommendations on communication within bureaucracy, emphasizing clear communication and multiple information sources.

Question 6

According to the analysis presented in the text, the space shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986 was due to a breakdown in what phase of the information management process? 
A) acquiring
B) processing
C) securing
D) accessing
E) presenting

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the analysis presented in the...

Question 7

Which of the following authors thinks there is a close analogy between what takes place in the mind of a leader planning an action and what happens to the artist at the moment of conception? 
A) Charles de Gaulle
B) Dwight Eisenhower
C) Ernest Hemingway
D) Winston Churchill
E) Tom Clancy

Accepted Answer

Charles de Gaulle made this analogy, suggesting that the processes of strategic planning in leadership and artistic creation share significant similarities in their conception stages.

Question 8

To help nontechnical managers avoid information (IT) mistakes, Ross and Weill identify six decisions for which those managers should take responsibility.Explain what those decisions involve.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To help nontechnical managers avoid information (IT)...

Question 9

_______________ is data that are meaningful and that alter the receivers understanding -- the data that managers actually use to interpret and understand events in the organization and the environment.
A) input
B) knowledge
C) information
D) a list of talking points
E) a decision-support system

Accepted Answer

Information is data that has been processed and organized to be meaningful and useful. It provides insights and understanding for managers to make decisions and take actions in the organization. Input refers to raw data that has not been processed, knowledge is what individuals have learned and gained through experience, a list of talking points is just a list without context or analysis, and a decision-support system is a tool to help managers analyze and interpret data but itself is not the data that managers use.

Question 10

According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the five characteristics of high quality, useful information? 
A) complete
B) falsifiable
C) relevant
D) timely
E) economical

Accepted Answer

Falsifiable is not listed as a characteristic of high quality, useful information. Characteristics typically include aspects like completeness, relevance, timeliness, and cost-effectiveness (economical), but not falsifiability, which pertains more to the scientific principle that a statement can be proven false.

Question 11

IBM has provided several National Basketball Association teams with software called Advanced Scout that allows coaches to ask "what if?" questions.Advance Scout is an interesting example of how ____________ works in basketball. 
A) the five phase information management process
B) a firewall
C) data mining
D) a data warehouse
E) a virtual private network (VPN)

Accepted Answer

The software Advanced Scout provided by IBM for NBA teams is an example of data mining as it allows coaches to analyze and explore large amounts of data to answer "what if?" questions. The software helps them extract valuable insights from data on the performance of players and teams, and make better decisions based on those insights.

Question 12

"Every 18 months, the cost of computing will drop by 50% as computing-processing power doubles." The statement is known as 
A) Metcalfe's law
B) Arrows' law
C) Clark's law
D) Moore's Law
E) Santayana's law

Accepted Answer

The statement is known as Moore's Law, which was formulated by the co-founder of Intel, Gordon Moore, in 1965. It predicts that the number of transistors on a computer chip will double every 18-24 months, resulting in a reduction in the cost of computing and an increase in processing power. This law has held up remarkably well for over five decades, driving innovation in the technology industry and transforming the way we live and work.

Question 13

What are the characteristics of useful information?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the characteristics of useful information?...

Question 14

Compare and contrast the following terms: data, information, and knowledge.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the following terms: data,...

Question 15

With which of the following points would expert presenters be most likely to DISAGREE? 
A) Provide handouts after the presentation.
B) For variety and excitement, used several fonts, music clips, videos, and animation.
C) Do not place your agency logo in a corner of each slide.
D) Tell a story with each slide.
E) Treat your bullet points as headlines.

Accepted Answer

Expert presenters would be more likely to disagree with using too many fonts, music clips, videos, and animations as it can distract the audience from the message being conveyed. They would instead recommend using a simple and clear presentation style to ensure that the audience remains focused on the content. The other points (A, C, D, and E) are generally accepted as good presentation practices.

Question 16

Discuss the strategic importance of information to a public administrator.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the strategic importance of information to...

Question 17

Which of the following points was not one of the "eight C's of communication"? 
A) capability of audience
B) customer benefits
C) core competence
D) call to action

Accepted Answer

The eight C's of communication are completeness, conciseness, consideration, clarity, concreteness, courtesy, capability of audience, call to action. "Core competence" is not one of the eight C's.

Question 18

According to Ross and Weill, managers leave too many important decisions to information technology (IT) people.Which of the following is NOT one of those questions that Ross and Weill suggest managers address? 
A) Who do we blamed if an IT initiative fails?
B) How good do our IT services need to be?
C) What security and privacy risk will we accept?
D) What will be the cost of peer-to-peer support -- that is, IT users helping other IT users within the organization?
E) What IT capabilities need to be centralized and standardize throughout the agency or government?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Ross and Weill, managers leave...

Question 19

The examples of Virtual City System in Boston, Optical Imaging Project in Miami-Dade County, and smart e-mail serve to illustrate how new technology can contribute to which phase of the information management process? 
A) acquiring
B) processing
C) securing
D) accessing
E) presenting

Accepted Answer

These examples illustrate how new technology can contribute to the acquiring phase of the information management process by gathering and collecting data.

Question 20

-The table above shows the essence of a formal reporting system used by
A)the U.S.Army in its after-action reports.
B)Texaco's visualization center.
C)Microsoft's senior management.
D)the British civil service in India.
E)New Zealand's Ministry of Treasury.

Accepted Answer

The answer of 
-The table above shows the essence of...

Quiz 12: Information Management

________________ are designed for problems in which sets of rules exist to solve problems.

The following is a list of statements about human biases in interpreting information.Which one is NOT true?

What role should the chief information officer (CIO) play in a government agency?

According to the analysis presented in the text, the space shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986 was due to a breakdown in what phase of the information management process?

Which of the following authors thinks there is a close analogy between what takes place in the mind of a leader planning an action and what happens to the artist at the moment of conception?

To help nontechnical managers avoid information (IT) mistakes, Ross and Weill identify six decisions for which those managers should take responsibility.Explain what those decisions involve.

_______________ is data that are meaningful and that alter the receivers understanding -- the data that managers actually use to interpret and understand events in the organization and the environment.

According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the five characteristics of high quality, useful information?

IBM has provided several National Basketball Association teams with software called Advanced Scout that allows coaches to ask "what if?" questions.Advance Scout is an interesting example of how ____________ works in basketball.

"Every 18 months, the cost of computing will drop by 50% as computing-processing power doubles." The statement is known as

What are the characteristics of useful information?

Compare and contrast the following terms: data, information, and knowledge.

With which of the following points would expert presenters be most likely to DISAGREE?

Discuss the strategic importance of information to a public administrator.

Which of the following points was not one of the "eight C's of communication"?

According to Ross and Weill, managers leave too many important decisions to information technology (IT) people.Which of the following is NOT one of those questions that Ross and Weill suggest managers address?

The examples of Virtual City System in Boston, Optical Imaging Project in Miami-Dade County, and smart e-mail serve to illustrate how new technology can contribute to which phase of the information management process?

-The table above shows the essence of a formal reporting system used by