Question 1

Neurosurgeons can reduce the unbearable seizures some epileptics experience by severing the
A) hypothalamus.
B) cerebellum.
C) cingulate gyrus.
D) corpus callosum.

Accepted Answer

Severing the corpus callosum has been shown to reduce the frequency of seizures in certain types of epilepsy by preventing the spread of electrical activity between the two hemispheres of the brain.

Question 2

If a stroke were to occur in Broca's area,a person might have difficulty speaking,but would likely understand what is being said to them.This disorder is called
A) expressive aphasia.
B) pituitary enlargement.
C) Alzheimer's disease.
D) the split brain problem.

Accepted Answer

When a stroke occurs in Broca's area, it can result in expressive aphasia, which is difficulty in producing speech or difficulty in speaking fluently. However, the individual is likely to understand what is being said to them, as comprehension is typically associated with other areas of the brain. The other options (B, C, and D) are not related to the specific symptoms described in the question.

Question 3

The two halves of the cerebral cortex are called cerebral
A) halves.
B) hemispheres.
C) association areas.
D) atmospheres.

Accepted Answer

The two halves of the cerebral cortex are referred to as hemispheres.

Question 4

Electrical activity in the brain can be captured by placing multiple electrodes on the scalp and then measuring the underlying electrical activity.This method of studying the brain's activity is called
A) an electroencephalogram.
B) positron emission tomography.
C) magnetic resonance imaging.
D) functional MRI.

Accepted Answer

The method described is characteristic of an electroencephalogram (EEG). Positron emission tomography (B), magnetic resonance imaging (C), and functional MRI (D) involve different imaging techniques and do not typically involve placing electrodes on the scalp to directly measure electrical activity in the brain.

Question 5

Wernicke's area is located in the ______ lobe,while Broca's area is located in the ______ lobe.
A) occipital;parietal
B) frontal;temporal
C) temporal;frontal
D) parietal;occipital

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area is located in the temporal lobe, while Broca's area is located in the frontal lobe.

Question 6

In general,the right side of the brain is associated with
A) processing and expressing emotion.
B) storing old memories and forming new memories.
C) language production and comprehension.
D) processing information from the left side of the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In general,the right side of the brain...

Question 7

Magnetic resonance imaging is a technique that works by
A) measuring the rate at which brain cells use glucose.
B) constructing a 3-dimensional image from X rays.
C) transducing the electrical activity of individual neurons.
D) detecting and interpreting magnetic activity from atomic nuclei.

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detects and interprets magnetic activity from atomic nuclei, specifically hydrogen atoms in water molecules. By manipulating these nuclei with strong magnetic fields and radio waves, MRI scans can produce detailed images of internal structures in the body, including the brain. MRI does not measure glucose metabolism or electrical activity like other neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) or electroencephalography (EEG). And while X rays can produce 3-dimensional images, they do so by passing through the body, which can expose the patient to harmful radiation. MRI does not use radiation and is generally considered a safer imaging option.

Question 8

Broca's area is located in the ______ lobe.
A) temporal
B) occipital
C) parietal
D) frontal

Accepted Answer

Broca's area is located in the frontal lobe, specifically in the left hemisphere for most people. It is involved in speech production and language processing.

Question 9

Split-brain patients can only use verbal expression about information processed in the
A) corpus callosum.
B) left hemisphere.
C) right parietal lobe.
D) left side of the body.

Accepted Answer

Split-brain patients have had their corpus callosum severed, which means that information processed in one hemisphere of the brain cannot be transmitted to the other hemisphere. As a result, split-brain patients can only use verbal expression about information processed in the left hemisphere of the brain. The left hemisphere is primarily responsible for language and verbal communication.

Question 10

Cutting the corpus callosum results in a condition that is referred to as
A) Alzheimer's disease.
B) hyperphagia.
C) a split brain.
D) multiple sclerosis.

Accepted Answer

Cutting the corpus callosum, which connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain, results in a condition known as split brain. This is because the two hemispheres no longer communicate effectively with each other, leading to distinct and often unusual behaviors in individuals who have undergone this surgery. Options A, B, and D are not related to the corpus callosum.

Question 11

What is the name of the large bundle of axons that connect the two halves of the brain?
A) basal ganglia
B) cingulate gyrus
C) hypothalamus
D) corpus callosum

Accepted Answer

The corpus callosum is a large bundle of axons connecting the two hemispheres of the brain, allowing for communication between them. The basal ganglia, cingulate gyrus, and hypothalamus are all separate structures within the brain and are not responsible for connecting the hemispheres.

Question 12

The cerebral cortex is made up of two nearly separate parts called the
A) association areas.
B) cerebellar lobes.
C) cerebral hemispheres.
D) cerebral callosum.

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is divided into two separate parts called cerebral hemispheres.

Question 13

Expressive aphasia is a disorder found in some stroke patients where
A) patients can speak language,but cannot understand spoken language.
B) patients cannot speak language,but can understand speech.
C) have difficulty in both speaking and understanding language.
D) no cause has ever been determined.

Accepted Answer

Expressive aphasia, also known as Broca's aphasia, is characterized by the patient's difficulty in producing speech while their ability to understand spoken language remains relatively intact. This condition often results from damage to the frontal lobe of the brain, particularly in areas responsible for speech production.

Question 14

A researcher who places closely spaced electrodes on her subjects' heads in order to study brain activity is using the ________ technique.
A) EEG
B) PET
C) Functional MRI
D) EMG

Accepted Answer

EEG (electroencephalography) is the technique of placing electrodes on the scalp to measure electrical activity in the brain. PET (positron emission tomography) and fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) both involve advanced imaging technologies, while EMG (electromyography) measures electrical activity in muscles, not the brain.

Question 15

Any areas of the cerebral cortex that are not labeled with a specific lobe (frontal,temporal,parietal,occipital)are called
A) general zones.
B) undifferentiated areas.
C) unlabeled lobes.
D) association areas.

Accepted Answer

The areas of the cerebral cortex that are not labeled with a specific lobe are called association areas. These areas are responsible for various higher-order functions such as integration of sensory information, perception, and memory.

Question 16

If the left occipital cortex was temporarily shut down,what type of impairment would an individual experience?
A) Stimuli in the left visual field would not be detected.
B) Stimuli in the right visual field would not be detected.
C) Stimuli in the left ear would not be heard.
D) Stimuli in the right ear would not be heard.

Accepted Answer

The left occipital cortex is responsible for processing visual information from the right visual field. Therefore, if it is temporarily shut down, the individual would experience impairment in detecting stimuli in the right visual field.

Question 17

The somatosensory area plays an important role in behaviors involving
A) emotion.
B) touch.
C) hunger.
D) thirst.

Accepted Answer

The somatosensory area is responsible for processing sensory information related to touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. It plays a crucial role in our ability to perceive and respond to stimuli in our environment, which is essential for behaviors such as exploring objects, recognizing familiar textures, and detecting potential threats. While emotion, hunger, and thirst are all important functions of the brain, they are primarily associated with other regions such as the limbic system, hypothalamus, and brainstem.

Question 18

Regarding brain function,the term plasticity refers to the phenomenon of when the cortex is damaged
A) it bounces around inside the skull like a plastic,bouncing ball.
B) it shrinks to a smaller size and becomes hard like plastic.
C) doctors can stretch other areas of the brain to cover the damaged area.
D) other areas of the brain can take over the functions of the damaged area.

Accepted Answer

Plasticity refers to the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life. When a certain area of the cortex is damaged, other areas of the brain can compensate for the lost function by forming new connections and taking over the tasks of the damaged area. This is what is meant by brain plasticity.

Question 19

Wernicke's aphasia results in
A) patients who can speak normally but cannot make sense out of language.
B) patients who can understand language but cannot make normal speech sounds.
C) little observable differences to laypersons.
D) only temporary difficulty with speech and vision.

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's aphasia, also known as receptive aphasia, is characterized by fluent speech that lacks meaning and significant difficulty in understanding spoken language. Patients can produce speech sounds but what they say may be nonsensical or irrelevant, and they have trouble understanding others.

Question 20

If a neurologist wants an extremely accurate image of a patient's brain,the neurologist would probably order a(n)
A) EEG.
B) EMG.
C) MRI.
D) RMI.

Accepted Answer

An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) provides the most detailed and accurate image of the brain among the options listed. An EEG (electroencephalogram) and EMG (electromyogram) are useful for measuring brain and muscle activity, respectively, but do not provide detailed images. There is no such thing as an RMI.

Quiz 3: Biological Foundations in Behavior

Neurosurgeons can reduce the unbearable seizures some epileptics experience by severing the

If a stroke were to occur in Broca's area,a person might have difficulty speaking,but would likely understand what is being said to them.This disorder is called

The two halves of the cerebral cortex are called cerebral

Electrical activity in the brain can be captured by placing multiple electrodes on the scalp and then measuring the underlying electrical activity.This method of studying the brain's activity is called

Wernicke's area is located in the lobe,while Broca's area is located in the lobe.

In general,the right side of the brain is associated with

Magnetic resonance imaging is a technique that works by

Broca's area is located in the ______ lobe.

Split-brain patients can only use verbal expression about information processed in the

Cutting the corpus callosum results in a condition that is referred to as

What is the name of the large bundle of axons that connect the two halves of the brain?

The cerebral cortex is made up of two nearly separate parts called the

Expressive aphasia is a disorder found in some stroke patients where

A researcher who places closely spaced electrodes on her subjects' heads in order to study brain activity is using the ________ technique.

Any areas of the cerebral cortex that are not labeled with a specific lobe (frontal,temporal,parietal,occipital) are called

If the left occipital cortex was temporarily shut down,what type of impairment would an individual experience?

The somatosensory area plays an important role in behaviors involving

Regarding brain function,the term plasticity refers to the phenomenon of when the cortex is damaged

Wernicke's aphasia results in

If a neurologist wants an extremely accurate image of a patient's brain,the neurologist would probably order a(n)