Question 1

The interference theory of forgetting suggests that ______ the to-be-remembered item.

Accepted Answer

The interference theory of forgetting suggests that other memories impede the retrieval of the to-be-remembered item. This interference can occur either retroactively, where newly learned information interferes with the recall of older information, or proactively, where previously learned information interferes with the recall of new information.

Question 2

The forgetting theory of memory that suggests that memories decay or fade over time is the ______ theory.

Accepted Answer

The decay theory of memory suggests that memories fade or decay over time, which can result in forgetting. This theory suggests that memories that are not used or reinforced are more likely to decay and eventually be forgotten.

Question 3

In the levels of processing model of memory,there ______ memory store(s)beyond the sensory register.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the levels of processing model of...

Question 4

Decay theory can be used to explain forgetting in _______ but not _______.

Accepted Answer

Decay theory suggests that forgetting occurs because memory traces fade over time. This theory is more applicable to short-term memory (STM) where information is not rehearsed and thus fades quickly, but it is not as applicable to long-term memory (LTM) where forgetting is more often due to retrieval failure or interference.

Question 5

The two fundamental levels in the levels of processing theory of memory are

Accepted Answer

The two fundamental levels in the levels of processing theory of memory are shallow and deep. This theory suggests that the depth at which information is processed affects how well it is remembered. Shallow processing involves attending to only superficial details of information, such as its physical characteristics, while deep processing involves making meaningful connections and associations with the information.

Question 6

You are unable to remember your previous address because you tend to confuse it with your current address.This illustrates _______ interference.

Accepted Answer

Retroactive interference refers to when new information interferes with the recall of old information. In this case, the new information is the current address, which is interfering with the recall of the previous address.

Question 7

Which theory states that information is lost from STM because it is replaced or pushed out by new information?

Accepted Answer

The interference theory states that information is lost from STM because it is replaced or pushed out by new information. This occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to retain new information or when new information disrupts the ability to retain previously learned information. The other theories listed - serial position, spreading activation, and schema - do not directly relate to the loss of information in STM through interference.

Question 8

Tedd's new telephone number is 663-7589.He frequently tells people that it is 633-7589.He is puzzled as to why he does this until he realizes that the first three digits of his Social Security number are 633.Tedd realizes that his problem is caused by

Accepted Answer

Tedd's error is most likely due to interference, where the similar digits in his Social Security number and phone number are causing him to confuse and swap them. Repression refers to the unconscious blocking of memories, and chunking and reconstruction do not apply in this scenario.

Question 9

According to the levels of processing model,what is happening during elaboration?

Accepted Answer

Elaboration refers to the process of linking new information to previously stored memories. This involves making associations between the new information and existing memories, which enhances the encoding and retrieval of the information.

Question 10

The key to deep processing is that it involves the understanding of

Accepted Answer

Deep processing involves understanding the meaning of information, rather than just the superficial features like sound or vision. Emotion may be involved in deep processing, but it is not the defining factor.

Question 11

In the levels of processing model,STM is to LTM as

Accepted Answer

The levels of processing model suggests that information processed at a deeper level (deep processing) is more likely to be remembered than information processed at a shallow level (shallow processing), similar to how information transitions from short-term memory (STM) to long-term memory (LTM).

Question 12

Recently Tom's five-speed sports car was in the shop for needed repairs and Tom borrowed a large car with an automatic transmission.Tom kept trying to shift gears as if he were driving a stick shift.This example illustrates

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to learn new information. In this case, Tom's previous experience driving a stick shift is interfering with his ability to adjust to driving a car with an automatic transmission, leading him to try to shift gears as if he were still driving a stick shift.

Question 13

Mary's study of psychology interfered with her capacity to recall sociology.Since psychology was studied first,the interference is

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference occurs when older memories interfere with the recall of newer memories. In this case, because Mary studied psychology first and it interfered with her ability to recall sociology information, it is an example of proactive interference.

Question 14

According to the levels of processing model,the best memory for a list of words would be obtained by

Accepted Answer

According to the levels of processing model, deeper, more meaningful processing results in better memory retention. Therefore, relating an important event in your life to each word would involve deeper processing and result in better memory for the words.

Question 15

When learning a new list of words,the technique that involves the creation of more associations between the new words and existing memories is called

Accepted Answer

Elaboration involves building connections between new information and existing knowledge in order to enhance retention and recall. By creating more associations between the new words and existing memories, the information becomes more meaningful and easier to remember. This technique is particularly effective for learning new vocabulary or memorizing lists.

Question 16

Forgetting can take place in a way where a person tries to remember something,but the memories are recalled in a distorted,incorrect manner.This explanation for forgetting is most closely associated with the ______ theory of forgetting.

Accepted Answer

The reconstruction theory of forgetting suggests that when someone tries to recall a memory, it is reconstructed using bits and pieces of information, which can result in distortions and inaccuracies.

Question 17

Interference created by memories from prior learning is called

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference occurs when previously learned information interferes with the retention of new information.

Question 18

An associative network of beliefs,knowledge,and expectations is known as a

Accepted Answer

An associative network of beliefs, knowledge, and expectations is known as a schema. Schemas are mental frameworks that organize information based on our experiences and allow us to process new information more efficiently. They are the underlying structures that influence our perception, interpretation, and memory of events, people, and objects. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Question 19

According to the decay theory,what causes forgetting to occur?

Accepted Answer

The decay theory suggests that forgetting occurs due to the passage of time, as memories fade or weaken over time if they are not reinforced or accessed regularly.

Question 20

The interference built up by prior learning is known as

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference occurs when older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer information.

Quiz 8: Memory