Question 1

A person with an IQ score below 70 and a significant impairment in adaptive behaviors is said to have
A)dyslexia.
B)an intellectual disability.
C)a learning disability.
D)savant syndrome.

Accepted Answer

An IQ score below 70 and significant impairment in adaptive behaviors is the criteria used to diagnose an intellectual disability. Dyslexia and learning disabilities refer to specific difficulties with reading, writing, or math, but do not necessarily affect intellectual ability. Savant syndrome describes a rare condition in which individuals with developmental or intellectual disabilities display exceptional abilities in a specific area, such as music or math.

Question 2

Children with which condition have an inherited inability to control a destructive chemical that builds up in their bodies?
A)phenylketonuria (PKU)
B)fragile X syndrome
C)Down syndrome
D)fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Accepted Answer

PKU is a genetic disorder in which the body cannot break down phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many foods. This leads to the accumulation of phenylalanine and its byproducts in the body, which can cause brain damage if left untreated.

Question 3

The dividing line between normal intelligence and an intellectual disability has traditionally been an IQ of
A)60.
B)50.
C)70.
D)80.

Accepted Answer

The dividing line between normal intelligence and an intellectual disability is traditionally an IQ score of 70 or below. However, IQ scores are not the only factor used to diagnose an intellectual disability, and assessment of adaptive functioning is also taken into account.

Question 4

Cases of intellectual disabilities in which no known biological problems can be identified and with close relatives also being mildly disabled are called _______ intellectual disabilities.
A)organic
B)inorganic
C)familial
D)functional

Accepted Answer

Familial intellectual disabilities are characterized by no known biological problems being identified and a history of mild intellectual disability in close relatives. This suggests that the cause of these disabilities may be genetic or environmental factors within the family rather than a specific biological condition. Organic intellectual disabilities, on the other hand, are caused by known biological factors such as brain damage or genetic disorders. Inorganic and functional are not commonly used terms in the field of intellectual disabilities.

Question 5

People with intellectual disabilities
A)respond warmly to love and acceptance.
B)have a right to self-respect and a place in the community.
C)can be hurt by rejection,teasing,and ridicule.
D)are characterized by all of these.

Accepted Answer

All of the options are true for people with intellectual disabilities. They respond well to love and acceptance just like anyone else. They have the right to self-respect and to be included in the community, and being rejected or teased can be just as hurtful to them as it is to anyone else. It is important to remember that people with intellectual disabilities are individuals who should be treated with kindness and respect.

Question 6

One explanation for the extraordinary performances of people with savant syndrome is that an area of the brain is damaged,freeing the person from the "distractions" of language,concepts,and higher­level thoughts.This area of the brain that is theorized to be damaged in persons with savant syndrome is the
A)reticular formation
B)right hemisphere
C)left hemisphere
D)corpus callosum

Accepted Answer

The left hemisphere is often associated with language and analytical thinking. Damage to this area may lead to the release of right hemisphere abilities, which are often more creative and holistic, potentially explaining savant skills.

Question 7

The occurrence of which of the following conditions shows that extraordinary abilities can exist apart from general intelligence?
A)Klinefelter's syndrome
B)familial intellectual disability
C)schizotypal personality
D)savant syndrome

Accepted Answer

Savant syndrome is characterized by individuals with exceptional abilities in a specific area, such as memory or mathematics, despite having intellectual disabilities in other areas. This shows that extraordinary abilities can exist apart from general intelligence.

Question 8

Many cases of which type of intellectual disability could probably be prevented by better nutrition,education,and early childhood enrichment programs?
A)organic
B)deprivational
C)familial
D)metabolic

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many cases of which type of intellectual...

Question 9

Regarding genetic causes of intellectual disabilities,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Down syndrome children have an extra X chromosome in the 23rd pair.
B)Although Down syndrome is genetic,it is not usually hereditary,that is it doesn't "run in the family."
C)Children with PKU (phenylketonuria)have an inherited inability to control a destructive chemical that builds up in their bodies.
D)Individuals with Down syndrome have almond-shaped eyes,a slightly protruding tongue,a stocky build,and stubby hands with deeply creased palms.

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, not an extra X chromosome in the 23rd pair.

Question 10

Randall has difficulty in using a knife to cut the meat on his plate,cannot manipulate buttons and zippers in dressing himself,and has difficulty in using a telephone.Randall is experiencing difficulty with
A)basic aptitudes.
B)adaptive behaviors.
C)divergent abilities.
D)kinesthetic skills.

Accepted Answer

The described difficulties are related to adaptive behaviors, which include everyday life skills such as self-care, communication, and mobility. Basic aptitudes refer to general abilities such as intelligence, whereas divergent abilities refer to creative or innovative thinking. Kinesthetic skills involve physical coordination and movement, but the described difficulties go beyond that scope.

Question 11

Kaye has a mild intellectual disability,but shows no signs of birth injuries,fetal damage,or genetic abnormalities.However,she was born into an impoverished family environment.This means that she most likely has which type of intellectual disability?
A)organic
B)teratogenic
C)familial
D)metabolic

Accepted Answer

Kaye's intellectual disability is not caused by any physical abnormalities or damages, but rather by the environment she was born into. This suggests that her disability is likely related to factors within her family environment, such as lack of access to education or resources, rather than any organic, teratogenic, or metabolic causes. Therefore, choice C, familial, is the best answer.

Question 12

A familial intellectual disability occurs due to
A)impoverished environments.
B)a lack of oxygen at birth.
C)metabolic disorders.
D)genetic abnormalities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A familial intellectual disability occurs due to
A)impoverished...

Question 13

Which of the following is a possible explanation for the remarkable abilities displayed by individuals with savant syndrome?
A)Those with savant syndrome suffer from a familial intellectual disability,which results in a pseudo-giftedness regarding these extraordinary abilities.
B)Savant syndrome is caused by a mutation on the X chromosome.
C)Savant syndrome is caused by a mutation on the 21st chromosome.
D)Those with savant syndrome have suffered damage to the left hemisphere,which freed them from the "distractions" of language,concepts,and higher­level thoughts.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with savant syndrome often display damage to the left hemisphere, which allows for a heightened focus on sensory perception and the development of exceptional skills in areas such as art, music, and math. This theory suggests that the lack of higher-level cognitive processing in the left hemisphere, such as language and concept formation, frees up attentional resources for the development of these extraordinary abilities.

Question 14

According to your textbook,those who are labeled as having an intellectual disability
A)cannot become well-adjusted members of society.
B)must have an IQ above 70 but below 100.
C)are sensitive to rejection and easily hurt by teasing and ridicule.
D)are defined by all of these characteristics.

Accepted Answer

According to the textbook, individuals with an intellectual disability are often sensitive to rejection and easily hurt by teasing and ridicule. They may also experience social isolation and difficulty forming relationships. The other options are not accurate. A person with an intellectual disability can become a well-adjusted member of society, and the criteria for an intellectual disability is an IQ below 70, not between 70 and 100.

Question 15

Abe has an IQ of 60 with both his older brother and sister also being diagnosed with a mild intellectual disability.Abe and his sibling come from a very poor household where nutrition,intellectual stimulation,medical care,and emotional support are inadequate.Abe and his siblings most likely have intellectual disabilities that have a(n) __________ cause.
A)organic
B)teratogenic
C)familial
D)metabolic

Accepted Answer

The intellectual disabilities are likely familial due to the shared environmental factors such as poor nutrition, lack of stimulation, and inadequate care, rather than a specific organic, teratogenic, or metabolic cause.

Question 16

Deficiencies in which of the following formally defines an intellectual disability?
A)intelligence and intrapersonal skills
B)language and spatial thinking
C)aptitudes and kinesthetic skills
D)IQ and adaptive behaviors

Accepted Answer

Intellectual disability is formally defined by a combination of an individual's IQ score and their level of adaptive behaviors. An IQ score of 70 or below and deficits in adaptive behaviors such as communication, social skills, and self-care are typically required for a diagnosis of intellectual disability. Deficiencies in intelligence and intrapersonal skills (A), language and spatial thinking (B), and aptitudes and kinesthetic skills (C) may contribute to or be a result of an intellectual disability, but they are not the formal criteria used to define it.

Question 17

Leon has been diagnosed with an intellectual disability,which means he has an IQ below 70 and siginficant impairment in which of the following?
A)adaptive behaviors
B)automatic processing
C)kinesthetic skills
D)divergent abilities

Accepted Answer

An intellectual disability is characterized by a low IQ score and significant impairment in adaptive behaviors, such as communication, daily living skills, and social interaction. Automatic processing, kinesthetic skills, and divergent abilities are not necessarily affected in individuals with intellectual disability.

Question 18

A person with an intellectual disability has an IQ score of approximately 70 or below and has difficulty with abilities,such as dressing,eating,communicating,shopping,or working,which are termed
A)kinesthetic skills.
B)divergent abilities.
C)adaptive behaviors.
D)basic aptitudes.

Accepted Answer

Adaptive behaviors refer to the skills and abilities necessary to function in daily life, such as dressing, eating, communicating, and working. People with intellectual disabilities typically have difficulties with these skills, which are often measured through tests of adaptive behavior. While kinesthetic skills and basic aptitudes may be affected by intellectual disability, they do not encompass the full range of challenges that individuals with intellectual disabilities face. Divergent abilities refer to creative or innovative thinking, which may or may not be impacted by intellectual disability.

Question 19

Regarding those individuals who are intellectually disabled,which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Intellectually disabled persons have no handicap where feelings are concerned.
B)Intellectual disability begins at an IQ of approximately 70 or below.
C)Support from others during childhood adds greatly to an intellectually disabled person's chances of becoming a well-adjusted member of society.
D)A person's ability to perform adaptive behaviors,such as dressing,eating,communicating,shopping,and working,is considered less important in evaluating an intellectual disability than the IQ level.

Accepted Answer

Adaptive behaviors are crucial in evaluating intellectual disability, often considered alongside IQ level.

Question 20

Mark was diagnosed with a moderate intellectual disability and would be described as a loving and responsive child,who is making progress in a specially tailored educational program.Mark's condition is the result of his receiving an extra chromosome from his mother at pair 21.Mark has
A)cretinism.
B)fragile-X syndrome.
C)Down syndrome.
D)phenylketonuria (PKU).

Accepted Answer

The extra chromosome at pair 21 is characteristic of Down syndrome, which is associated with intellectual disability. The other options are not related to this type of genetic condition.

Quiz 40: Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence

A person with an IQ score below 70 and a significant impairment in adaptive behaviors is said to have

Children with which condition have an inherited inability to control a destructive chemical that builds up in their bodies?

The dividing line between normal intelligence and an intellectual disability has traditionally been an IQ of

Cases of intellectual disabilities in which no known biological problems can be identified and with close relatives also being mildly disabled are called _______ intellectual disabilities.

People with intellectual disabilities

The occurrence of which of the following conditions shows that extraordinary abilities can exist apart from general intelligence?

Many cases of which type of intellectual disability could probably be prevented by better nutrition,education,and early childhood enrichment programs?

Regarding genetic causes of intellectual disabilities,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Randall has difficulty in using a knife to cut the meat on his plate,cannot manipulate buttons and zippers in dressing himself,and has difficulty in using a telephone.Randall is experiencing difficulty with

Kaye has a mild intellectual disability,but shows no signs of birth injuries,fetal damage,or genetic abnormalities.However,she was born into an impoverished family environment.This means that she most likely has which type of intellectual disability?

A familial intellectual disability occurs due to

Which of the following is a possible explanation for the remarkable abilities displayed by individuals with savant syndrome?

According to your textbook,those who are labeled as having an intellectual disability

Deficiencies in which of the following formally defines an intellectual disability?

Leon has been diagnosed with an intellectual disability,which means he has an IQ below 70 and siginficant impairment in which of the following?

A person with an intellectual disability has an IQ score of approximately 70 or below and has difficulty with abilities,such as dressing,eating,communicating,shopping,or working,which are termed

Regarding those individuals who are intellectually disabled,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Mark was diagnosed with a moderate intellectual disability and would be described as a loving and responsive child,who is making progress in a specially tailored educational program.Mark's condition is the result of his receiving an extra chromosome from his mother at pair 21.Mark has