Question 1

Programmed instruction and computer-assisted instruction (CAI)
A)combine response chaining with secondary reinforcement.
B)are both applications of the principle of feedback.
C)are both applications of classical conditioning.
D)are based on simple cognitive maps.

Accepted Answer

Both programmed instruction and CAI provide immediate feedback to the learner, which is a fundamental principle of behaviorism and operant conditioning. Feedback helps the learner to adjust and modify his or her responses to the particular task or activity being performed. While conditioning and cognitive maps may be involved in the process, the primary focus of programmed instruction and CAI is on providing feedback to improve learning outcomes. Response chaining and secondary reinforcement may also be used, but these are not the primary mechanisms of these instructional methods.

Question 2

Programmed learning can be effective in book form or in
A)a fixed ratio or fixed interval form.
B)a computerized form.
C)a latent or insight learning format.
D)all of these.

Accepted Answer

Programmed learning is most effective when used in a computerized form as it allows for immediate feedback, personalized learning paths, and adaptive assessments. While it can also be effective in book form, it is less efficient and more difficult to individualize for each learner's needs. The terms in choices A and C do not relate to the concept of programmed learning.

Question 3

When it is frequent,immediate,and detailed,which of the following is more likely to be effective?
A)conditioned stimuli
B)feedback
C)punishers
D)operants

Accepted Answer

Frequent, immediate, and detailed feedback has been shown to be more effective in shaping behavior than other forms of operant conditioning such as punishers or conditioned stimuli.

Question 4

Educational simulations allow students to explore an imaginary situation and are the most complex type of
A)serious games.
B)token economies.
C)latent learning exercises.
D)educational feedback loops.

Accepted Answer

Educational simulations are a type of serious game that allows students to engage in an immersive environment where they must learn and make decisions based on the constraints and rules of the simulation. While educational feedback loops may be a component of educational simulations, they are not the most complex type of simulation. Token economies and latent learning exercises are not related to educational simulations.

Question 5

Feedback is most effective when it is frequent,immediate,and
A)positive.
B)negative.
C)detailed.
D)anonymous.

Accepted Answer

Feedback is most effective when it is detailed because it provides specific information that can help the recipient understand what they did well, what they can improve on, and how they can make those improvements. This specificity makes the feedback more actionable and useful.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective feedback?
A)frequent
B)immediate
C)positive
D)detailed

Accepted Answer

Effective feedback should not always be positive. It should be constructive, honest, and specific. It should focus on both strengths and weaknesses, and provide actionable steps for improvement.

Question 7

The programmed instruction that is called drill-and-practice is also known as
A)REBT.
B)EMDR.
C)CAI.
D)AFT.

Accepted Answer

Drill-and-practice is a form of Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) that involves students practicing a skill or concept repeatedly using a computer program. REBT (Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy) and EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) are psychotherapy techniques used for treating mental health disorders. AFT is not a commonly used acronym in education or psychology.

Question 8

In programmed instruction,learners are prevented from practicing errors through
A)response cost.
B)frequent feedback.
C)the fixed interval scheduling.
D)positive reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Programmed instruction utilizes frequent feedback to prevent learners from practicing errors. This allows learners to adjust their understanding and correct any misconceptions they may have before moving on to new material. Response cost, fixed interval scheduling, and positive reinforcement may also be used in programmed instruction, but they do not directly prevent learners from practicing errors.

Question 9

In order to increase interest and motivation,a computer math game has been designed that allows students to compete in a speedboat race rather than just completing a series of subtraction problems.The faster correct answers are selected,the faster the student's boat speeds toward the finish line.This math game would be an example of
A)computer-assisted instruction.
B)a type of serious game.
C)programmed instruction.
D)all of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to increase interest and motivation,a...

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using computer-assisted instruction (CAI)?
A)CAI can give hints about why an answer was wrong and what needs to be corrected.
B)CAI can save teachers and learners much time and effort.
C)People often do better with feedback from a computer because they can freely make mistakes and learn from them.
D)CAI has been shown to lead to significantly higher levels of mastery than traditional methods.

Accepted Answer

All of the other options listed (A, B, and C) are advantages of using computer-assisted instruction (CAI). However, option D is not actually an advantage of CAI, as research studies have shown mixed results regarding whether or not CAI consistently leads to significantly higher levels of mastery compared to traditional methods.

Question 11

Student pilots can learn all the ins and outs of flying a jumbo jet through a complex computer-assisted instructional (CAI)program that allows them to see the effects of their choices while flying under different weather conditions. These CAI programs are referred to as
A)insight learning programs.
B)acquisitional trainers.
C)educational simulations.
D)educational feedback loops.

Accepted Answer

CAI programs that allow for realistic simulations of flying under various conditions are referred to as educational simulations.

Question 12

The most complex serious games allow students to explore an imaginary situation or "microworld" to learn to solve real-world problems.By seeing the effects of their choices,students discover basic principles in a variety of subjects.These complex serious games are called
A)token economies.
B)educational simulations.
C)latent learning exercises.
D)educational feedback loops.

Accepted Answer

Educational simulations are complex serious games that allow students to explore and learn through an imaginary situation or microworld. They offer a safe environment for students to make choices and see the effects of those choices, which helps them discover basic principles in a variety of subjects. Token economies, latent learning exercises, and educational feedback loops are not necessarily focused on exploring imaginary situations and learning through them like educational simulations.

Question 13

Which of the following is a type of programmed instruction that allows learners to freely make mistakes and learn from them and gives hints about why an answer was wrong and what needs to be corrected?
A)drill-and-practice
B)latent learning
C)insight learning
D)behavioral contracting

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a type...

Question 14

Which of the following lets students work at their own pace and provides frequent feedback to keep learners from practicing errors?
A)programmed instruction
B)latent learning
C)variable interval scheduling
D)vicarious learning

Accepted Answer

Programmed instruction allows students to work at their own pace and provides frequent feedback to prevent the reinforcement of errors. Latent learning refers to learning that occurs without any observable behavior or reinforcement. Variable interval scheduling is a type of reinforcement schedule used in operant conditioning. Vicarious learning pertains to learning through observation and modeling of others' behavior.

Question 15

After you finish reading this module in your textbook,you then complete the Knowledge Builder section.You work through the Recite questions one at a time,checking your answer before moving on.This format illustrates which of the following?
A)insight learning
B)a fixed interval scheduling
C)programmed instruction
D)vicarious learning

Accepted Answer

The format of working through a section and answering questions one at a time with feedback before moving on is a classic example of programmed instruction, where learning is organized and delivered in small steps or modules.

Question 16

Learning that involves mechanical repetition and memorization is known as _______ learning.
A)rote
B)discovery
C)antecedent
D)respondent

Accepted Answer

Rote learning is a type of learning that involves memorization through mechanical repetition. This type of learning is often used in educational settings when teaching basic facts and concepts, but it is not considered the most effective type of learning for deeper understanding or application of information.

Question 17

People using computer-assisted instruction (CAI)often do better with feedback from a computer because CAI
A)is more accurate than traditional instruction.
B)allows learners to freely make mistakes and learn from them.
C)reinforces on a fixed ratio schedule rather than a fixed interval schedule.
D)provides a consistent format of behavioral contracting.

Accepted Answer

CAI allows learners to freely make mistakes and learn from them, which can improve their learning outcomes. Feedback from a computer can be provided quickly and consistently, and learners can receive immediate information about their performance, enabling them to correct their mistakes and solidify their understanding.

Question 18

Which of the following teaches students in a format that presents information in small amounts,gives immediate practice,and provides continuous feedback to learners?
A)programmed instruction
B)latent learning
C)variable interval scheduling
D)vicarious learning

Accepted Answer

Programmed instruction is a teaching method that presents information in small amounts, gives immediate practice, and provides continuous feedback to learners. This approach is often used in computer-based learning and can be highly effective for achieving specific learning outcomes. Latent learning involves acquiring knowledge or skills without any immediate reinforcement, variable interval scheduling is a type of reinforcement schedule used in operant conditioning, and vicarious learning involves learning by observing others.

Question 19

Some computer-assisted (CAI)programs make use of instructional games involving stories,competition with a partner,sound effects,and game-like graphics that increase interest and motivation.These CAI programs are known as
A)token economies.
B)educational feedback loops.
C)latent learning exercises.
D)serious games.

Accepted Answer

The programs described involve elements commonly associated with serious games, which are games designed for a primary purpose other than pure entertainment, such as education or training.

Question 20

Facts or principles gained by insight or understanding describe
A)rote learning.
B)observational learning.
C)vicarious reinforcement.
D)discovery learning.

Accepted Answer

Discovery learning involves acquiring knowledge through personal insight and understanding, rather than through rote memorization or observation of others. Therefore, facts or principles gained through insight or understanding align with the concept of discovery learning.

Quiz 28: Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning

Programmed instruction and computer-assisted instruction (CAI)

Programmed learning can be effective in book form or in

When it is frequent,immediate,and detailed,which of the following is more likely to be effective?

Educational simulations allow students to explore an imaginary situation and are the most complex type of

Feedback is most effective when it is frequent,immediate,and

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective feedback?

The programmed instruction that is called drill-and-practice is also known as

In programmed instruction,learners are prevented from practicing errors through

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using computer-assisted instruction (CAI) ?

Student pilots can learn all the ins and outs of flying a jumbo jet through a complex computer-assisted instructional (CAI) program that allows them to see the effects of their choices while flying under different weather conditions. These CAI programs are referred to as

The most complex serious games allow students to explore an imaginary situation or "microworld" to learn to solve real-world problems.By seeing the effects of their choices,students discover basic principles in a variety of subjects.These complex serious games are called

Which of the following is a type of programmed instruction that allows learners to freely make mistakes and learn from them and gives hints about why an answer was wrong and what needs to be corrected?

Which of the following lets students work at their own pace and provides frequent feedback to keep learners from practicing errors?

After you finish reading this module in your textbook,you then complete the Knowledge Builder section.You work through the Recite questions one at a time,checking your answer before moving on.This format illustrates which of the following?

Learning that involves mechanical repetition and memorization is known as _______ learning.

People using computer-assisted instruction (CAI) often do better with feedback from a computer because CAI

Which of the following teaches students in a format that presents information in small amounts,gives immediate practice,and provides continuous feedback to learners?

Some computer-assisted (CAI) programs make use of instructional games involving stories,competition with a partner,sound effects,and game-like graphics that increase interest and motivation.These CAI programs are known as

Facts or principles gained by insight or understanding describe