Question 1

When standard costing is used in conjunction with budgeting,variances can be calculated to show where actual results were not as expected

Accepted Answer

Standard costing is often used in conjunction with budgeting to help to identify variances between actual and expected results. By comparing the actual costs and revenues to the standard costs and revenues included in the budget, it is possible to see where the organization fell short or exceeded expectations. This information can be used to make adjustments to the budget or to the operations of the company to improve future performance.

Question 2

Absorption costing is closely linked to financial accounting and the calculation of profit

Accepted Answer

Absorption costing is a method of assigning all costs to products, including both variable and fixed costs. It is used in financial accounting to calculate the cost of goods sold and the profit or loss of a company. Therefore, it is closely linked to financial accounting and the calculation of profit.

Question 3

Companies are not legally required to produce management accounting information

Accepted Answer

Unlike financial accounting information, there are no legal requirements for companies to produce management accounting information. Companies may choose to produce management accounting information for internal use and decision-making purposes, but it is not mandatory by law.

Question 4

Production expenses which become part of the costs of finished goods are charged as an expense in the period in which they are incurred

Accepted Answer

Production expenses that become part of the costs of finished goods are not charged as expenses in the period in which they are incurred. Instead, they are added to the cost of the finished goods inventory and charged to expense when the inventory is sold. This is known as the cost of goods sold (COGS) and is recorded in the period in which the inventory is sold.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is false?
A) Manufacturing accounts require adjustments for direct materials
B) Manufacturing accounts require adjustments for standard costs
C) Manufacturing accounts require adjustments for work in progress
D) Manufacturing accounts require adjustments for finished goods

Accepted Answer

Manufacturing accounts require adjustments for direct materials, work in progress, and finished goods. Standard costs may be used to determine costs, but they do not require adjustments in the manufacturing accounts.

Question 6

A manufacturing account shows the opening inventory of finished goods minus manufacturing costs of the finished goods plus the closing inventory of finished goods

Accepted Answer

A manufacturing account shows the costs associated with producing goods and typically includes opening inventory of raw materials, direct labor, direct expenses, manufacturing overheads, and the closing inventory of raw materials, but it does not calculate finished goods inventory in the manner described.

Question 7

In a manufacturing account an inventory adjustment is made to direct materials in respect of how much was purchased (as opposed to how much was consumed)

Accepted Answer

In a manufacturing account, an inventory adjustment is made to direct materials to reflect how much was consumed during the period, not merely how much was purchased. This involves adjusting for opening and closing inventories of materials to calculate the actual materials used in production.

Question 8

Comparing planned costs with actual costs is associated with:
A) Variance analysis
B) Flexible analysis
C) Break-even analysis
D) Costing analysis

Accepted Answer

Comparing planned costs with actual costs is known as variance analysis, which is a tool used in cost accounting to identify any differences between budgeted costs and actual costs incurred during a period. This analysis enables managers to identify the reasons for the variances and take corrective actions accordingly. Therefore, the best choice for this question is A.

Question 9

Knowing the cost of producing a product helps determine the price to be charged for it

Accepted Answer

Knowing the cost of producing a product is crucial in determining the price to be charged for it. If the production cost is high, the selling price must be higher than the production cost to make a profit. On the other hand, if the cost of production is low, a lower selling price can be set to attract customers while still making a profit. Therefore, understanding the cost of production helps in determining the most reasonable and profitable price to charge for a product.

Question 10

Absorption costing requires fixed costs to be separated from variable costs in order to aid decision making

Accepted Answer

Absorption costing allocates fixed costs to products along with variable costs, without requiring them to be separated for decision-making purposes.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is false?
A) There are no formal requirements for producing and presenting management accounting information
B) Financial accounting information is intended mainly for users outside the organization (such as shareholders and creditors)
C) Companies are not legally required to produce financial accounting information
D) Management accounting information is often private, whereas financial accounting information is public

Accepted Answer

Companies are legally required to produce financial accounting information, as it is necessary for tax and regulatory purposes.

Question 12

Prime costs include which of the following?
A) Distribution costs
B) Administrative expenses
C) Direct labour
D) Interest payable

Accepted Answer

Prime costs include direct materials, direct labor, and direct expenses related to production such as factory rent and utilities. Distribution costs, administrative expenses, and interest payable are not included in prime costs.

Question 13

Cost of sales is calculated by subtracting opening inventory from purchases and adding closing inventory

Accepted Answer

Cost of sales is calculated by adding opening inventory to purchases and then subtracting closing inventory.

Question 14

Standard costing is the most appropriate approach where actual costs do not fluctuate much

Accepted Answer

The answer of Standard costing is the most appropriate approach...

Question 15

A small or new business can cope without management accounting

Accepted Answer

A small or new business may not require complex management accounting to operate effectively. The owner or manager can use basic financial information such as revenue and expenses to make decisions. However, as the business grows, management accounting becomes more important in analyzing performance, identifying areas for improvement, and making strategic decisions.

Question 16

Operating expenses are period costs,which means they must be charged as an expense during the period in which they are incurred

Accepted Answer

Operating expenses are costs incurred in the regular operations of a business and include expenses such as rent, salaries, and utilities. These expenses must be charged as an expense during the period in which they are incurred, which means they are considered period costs rather than product costs.

Question 17

Financial accounting is predominantly forward looking and includes forecast and plans,while management accounting is about recording past events

Accepted Answer

The statement is false. Financial accounting is primarily concerned with recording and reporting past financial transactions, while management accounting is more focused on planning and decision-making for the future.

Question 18

Using "planned" costs as a basis for making decisions rather than actual costs is known as:
A) Absorption costing
B) Marginal costing
C) Variable costing
D) Standard costing

Accepted Answer

Using "planned" costs as a basis for making decisions rather than actual costs is known as standard costing. Standard costing involves setting predetermined costs for various activities or products, and then comparing actual costs to the predetermined standards in order to identify any variances or deviations. This information can then be used to make strategic business decisions and manage costs effectively.

Question 19

The term "prime costs" refers to the operating costs which are charged as an expense during the period in which they are incurred

Accepted Answer

Prime costs refer specifically to the direct costs of production, which include direct materials and direct labor, not to general operating expenses.

Question 20

Production overheads are charged as an expense in the income statement as part of costs of sales

Accepted Answer

Production overheads are indirect costs that are incurred in the manufacturing process, such as rent, utilities, depreciation, and maintenance. They are included in the cost of production and charged to the finished goods inventory. When the inventory is sold, the production overheads are then transferred to the cost of sales as an expense in the income statement. Therefore, Option A is correct.

Quiz 13: Introduction to Management Accounting